ACS BIOCHEMISTRY EXAM Latest Update 2024-
2025 Actual Exam from Credible Sources with
250 Questions and Verified Correct Answers
Golden Ticket to Guaranteed A+ Verified by
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2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate - CORRECT ANSWER: inhibits carbamoylated rubisco.
Synthesized in the dark and is broken down by rubisco activase or light.
A-form DNA - CORRECT ANSWER: Condensed form of DNA. Deeper major groove
and shallower minor groove.
ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) Regulation - CORRECT ANSWER: Inhibited by PKA in
glucagon chain and activated by pjhosphatase in INSR chain.
Additional Cost of FAS in Eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER: Acetyl-CoA for lipid
synthesis is made in mitochondria and must be transferred into the cytosol via citrate
transporter. Costs 2 ATP.
Affinity Chromatography - CORRECT ANSWER: Attach a ligand that binds a protein to a
bead. Elute with harsh chemicals or similar ligand.
AKAP - CORRECT ANSWER: Anchoring protein that binds to PKA, GPCR, and
adenylyl cyclase.
Amidotransferase - CORRECT ANSWER: Uses a PLP group to transfer amino group
from an amino acid to α-ketoglutarate to form L-glutamate and an α-ketoglutarate.
Ammonia (NH4+) Transportation - CORRECT ANSWER: L-glutamate is converted to L-
glutamine via glutamine synthetase.
ATP + NH4+ --> ADP + Pi
,L-glutamine can be converted back to L-glutamate in the liver.
Amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER: Has α-1,4-linkages. Has periodic α-1,6-linkages
that cause branching. Branched every 24-30 residues. Has reducing and non-reducing
end.
Amylose Chain - CORRECT ANSWER: Has α-1,4-linkages that produce a coiled helix
similar to an α-helix. Has a reducing and non-reducing end.
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) - CORRECT ANSWER: Ability of some
bacteria to oxidize NH4+ and NO2- into N2. "Short-circuits" the nitrogen cycle.
Anomeric Carbon - CORRECT ANSWER: Carbon that is cyclized. Always the same as
the aldo or keto carbon in the linear form.
Anti-parallel ß-sheet - CORRECT ANSWER: Alternating sheet directions (C & N-termini
don't line-up). Has straight H-bonds.
ATP Consuming Steps of Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER: Step 1 and 3.
Glucose --> Glucose 6-phosphate
Fructose 6-phosphate --> Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
ATP Producing Steps of Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER: Steps 7 and 10.
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate <--> 3-phosphoglycerate
PEP --> Pyruvate
B-form DNA - CORRECT ANSWER: Watson-Crick model DNA. Deep, wide major
groove.
, Bacteriorhodopsin - CORRECT ANSWER: Type III integral membrane protein with 7
connected helices.
Binding Cooperativity - CORRECT ANSWER: When one subunit of hemoglobin
changes from T to R-state the other sites are more likely to change to R-state as well.
Leads to sigmoidal graph.
Biotin Function - CORRECT ANSWER: Prosthetic group that serves as a CO2 carrier to
separate active sites on an enzyme
Biotin Structure - CORRECT ANSWER:
BPG (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate) - CORRECT ANSWER: Greatly reduces hemoglobin's
affinity for O2 by binding allosterically. Stabilizes T-state. Transfer of O2 can improve
because increased delivery in tissues can outweigh decreased binding in the lungs.
Bypass Reactions in Gluconeogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER: Steps 1,3, and 10 must
be bypassed.
C4 Plants - CORRECT ANSWER: Fix CO2 into PEP to form oxaloacetate (via PEP
carboxykinase) that is then converted to malate that carries CO2 to rubisco. Bypasses
O2 binding.
CAM plants - CORRECT ANSWER: Fix CO2 into PEP to form oxaloacetate (via PEP
carboxykinase) that is converted to malate at night and stored until the day time.
cAMP - CORRECT ANSWER: Secondary messenger in GPCR signalling. Formed from
ATP by adenylyl cyclase. Activates PKA (protein kinase A).
Cardiolipin - CORRECT ANSWER: "Lipid staple" that ties two proteins (or complexes)
together in a membrane. Formed from two phosphoglycerols.
2025 Actual Exam from Credible Sources with
250 Questions and Verified Correct Answers
Golden Ticket to Guaranteed A+ Verified by
Professor
2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate - CORRECT ANSWER: inhibits carbamoylated rubisco.
Synthesized in the dark and is broken down by rubisco activase or light.
A-form DNA - CORRECT ANSWER: Condensed form of DNA. Deeper major groove
and shallower minor groove.
ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) Regulation - CORRECT ANSWER: Inhibited by PKA in
glucagon chain and activated by pjhosphatase in INSR chain.
Additional Cost of FAS in Eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER: Acetyl-CoA for lipid
synthesis is made in mitochondria and must be transferred into the cytosol via citrate
transporter. Costs 2 ATP.
Affinity Chromatography - CORRECT ANSWER: Attach a ligand that binds a protein to a
bead. Elute with harsh chemicals or similar ligand.
AKAP - CORRECT ANSWER: Anchoring protein that binds to PKA, GPCR, and
adenylyl cyclase.
Amidotransferase - CORRECT ANSWER: Uses a PLP group to transfer amino group
from an amino acid to α-ketoglutarate to form L-glutamate and an α-ketoglutarate.
Ammonia (NH4+) Transportation - CORRECT ANSWER: L-glutamate is converted to L-
glutamine via glutamine synthetase.
ATP + NH4+ --> ADP + Pi
,L-glutamine can be converted back to L-glutamate in the liver.
Amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER: Has α-1,4-linkages. Has periodic α-1,6-linkages
that cause branching. Branched every 24-30 residues. Has reducing and non-reducing
end.
Amylose Chain - CORRECT ANSWER: Has α-1,4-linkages that produce a coiled helix
similar to an α-helix. Has a reducing and non-reducing end.
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) - CORRECT ANSWER: Ability of some
bacteria to oxidize NH4+ and NO2- into N2. "Short-circuits" the nitrogen cycle.
Anomeric Carbon - CORRECT ANSWER: Carbon that is cyclized. Always the same as
the aldo or keto carbon in the linear form.
Anti-parallel ß-sheet - CORRECT ANSWER: Alternating sheet directions (C & N-termini
don't line-up). Has straight H-bonds.
ATP Consuming Steps of Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER: Step 1 and 3.
Glucose --> Glucose 6-phosphate
Fructose 6-phosphate --> Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
ATP Producing Steps of Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER: Steps 7 and 10.
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate <--> 3-phosphoglycerate
PEP --> Pyruvate
B-form DNA - CORRECT ANSWER: Watson-Crick model DNA. Deep, wide major
groove.
, Bacteriorhodopsin - CORRECT ANSWER: Type III integral membrane protein with 7
connected helices.
Binding Cooperativity - CORRECT ANSWER: When one subunit of hemoglobin
changes from T to R-state the other sites are more likely to change to R-state as well.
Leads to sigmoidal graph.
Biotin Function - CORRECT ANSWER: Prosthetic group that serves as a CO2 carrier to
separate active sites on an enzyme
Biotin Structure - CORRECT ANSWER:
BPG (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate) - CORRECT ANSWER: Greatly reduces hemoglobin's
affinity for O2 by binding allosterically. Stabilizes T-state. Transfer of O2 can improve
because increased delivery in tissues can outweigh decreased binding in the lungs.
Bypass Reactions in Gluconeogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER: Steps 1,3, and 10 must
be bypassed.
C4 Plants - CORRECT ANSWER: Fix CO2 into PEP to form oxaloacetate (via PEP
carboxykinase) that is then converted to malate that carries CO2 to rubisco. Bypasses
O2 binding.
CAM plants - CORRECT ANSWER: Fix CO2 into PEP to form oxaloacetate (via PEP
carboxykinase) that is converted to malate at night and stored until the day time.
cAMP - CORRECT ANSWER: Secondary messenger in GPCR signalling. Formed from
ATP by adenylyl cyclase. Activates PKA (protein kinase A).
Cardiolipin - CORRECT ANSWER: "Lipid staple" that ties two proteins (or complexes)
together in a membrane. Formed from two phosphoglycerols.
