Motor Control Exam-1-Graded A
Degrees of Freedom - correct answer-The number of independent elements or
components in a control system and the number of ways each component can act
Self-Organization - correct answer-the degrees of freedom naturally interact without a
lot of conscious control or explicit instructions
Entrainment - correct answer-2 or more degrees of freedom work together and create a
timing relationship
Coordinative Structures - correct answer-functionally specific collectives of muscles and
joints that are constrained to act cooperatively
Synergies - correct answer-Elemental variables free to vary while maintaining the
stability of the performance variables
Order Parameters - correct answer-defines the coordinative (timing) relationship
between components of a coordinative structure
Control Parameters - correct answer-variables that when scaled (increased or
decreased) can cause change in the coordinative structure/synergy
Attractors - correct answer-stable, preferred coordinative structures/synergies
Central Pattern Generators - correct answer-the neural network located between the
higher centers of the brain and the motor neurons that activate the muscle capable of
producing rhythmical movement patterns of excitatory and inhibitory stimulations in the
limbs
Generalized Motor Program - correct answer-For any type of movement skill, there is an
internalized program for direction with invariant (unchanging) features: sequence of
movements, relative timing, and relative muscular forces
Proprioceptive - correct answer-provides joint position sense, perception of active or
passive movement (kinesthesia), and senses tension or force on the body structures
Exteroceptive - correct answer-the use of the external information relayers about
environmental factors (vision and audition primarily)
Exproprioceptive - correct answer-use of the bodies external information relayers to
provide clues to the body regarding its relationship and position to the environment
Degrees of Freedom - correct answer-The number of independent elements or
components in a control system and the number of ways each component can act
Self-Organization - correct answer-the degrees of freedom naturally interact without a
lot of conscious control or explicit instructions
Entrainment - correct answer-2 or more degrees of freedom work together and create a
timing relationship
Coordinative Structures - correct answer-functionally specific collectives of muscles and
joints that are constrained to act cooperatively
Synergies - correct answer-Elemental variables free to vary while maintaining the
stability of the performance variables
Order Parameters - correct answer-defines the coordinative (timing) relationship
between components of a coordinative structure
Control Parameters - correct answer-variables that when scaled (increased or
decreased) can cause change in the coordinative structure/synergy
Attractors - correct answer-stable, preferred coordinative structures/synergies
Central Pattern Generators - correct answer-the neural network located between the
higher centers of the brain and the motor neurons that activate the muscle capable of
producing rhythmical movement patterns of excitatory and inhibitory stimulations in the
limbs
Generalized Motor Program - correct answer-For any type of movement skill, there is an
internalized program for direction with invariant (unchanging) features: sequence of
movements, relative timing, and relative muscular forces
Proprioceptive - correct answer-provides joint position sense, perception of active or
passive movement (kinesthesia), and senses tension or force on the body structures
Exteroceptive - correct answer-the use of the external information relayers about
environmental factors (vision and audition primarily)
Exproprioceptive - correct answer-use of the bodies external information relayers to
provide clues to the body regarding its relationship and position to the environment
