IAHCSMM CRCST 8TH EDITION - CRCST
Final EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Microbiology - ANSWER>>The study of microorganisms. The science which treats
the nature, life and action of microorganisms.
Contamination - ANSWER>>The state of being soiled or infected by contact with
infectious organisms or other material
Microns - ANSWER>>A unit of measurement; 1/1000 of a millimeter or 1/25,000
of an inch; usually designated by the Greek letter "u".
Protoplasm - ANSWER>>Describes all living materials in a cell. A thick mucous-like
substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical basis of life
within the cell nucleus.
Components of a cell - ANSWER>>cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, capsule,
flagella, nucleus
Phagotization - ANSWER>>The process by which some cells can ingest bacteria or
other foreign particles. (process where white blood cells in the human body
destroy bacteria by engulfing them).
Cytoplasm - ANSWER>>The living matter of a cell between the cell's membrane
and nucleus.
Nucleus - ANSWER>>The functional center of a cell that governs activity and
heredity.
,DNA - ANSWER>>Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The protein found in the chromosomes
of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity..
Cell wall - ANSWER>>A tough rigid structure that helps maintain the cell's shape.
Cell membrane - ANSWER>>This layer is located just beneath the cell wall which is
semi-permeable.
Capsule - ANSWER>>A mucus material that protects the bacteria from the host
cells that try to destroy it.
Flagella - ANSWER>>Thread-like tails attached to the cell that enable the bacteria
to move through liquids.
Acid-fast bacteria - ANSWER>>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which causes
tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium leprae (which cause leprosy).
Spore - ANSWER>>Microrganisms capable of forming a thick wall around
themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant form of
bacterium.
Chlorophyll - ANSWER>>A molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight, and converts
it to energy in a process called photosynthesis.
Aerobic bacteria - ANSWER>>Capable of growing in the presence of free oxygen.
Requiring oxygen.
Anaerobic bacteria - ANSWER>>Capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen.
Not requiring oxygen.
Psychrophiles (bacteria) - ANSWER>>Cold-loving bacteria (59-68 degrees F)
,Mseophiles (bacteria) - ANSWER>>Bacteria that grows best at moderate
temperatures (68-113 degrees F)
Thermophiles (bacteria) - ANSWER>>Bacteria which grow best at a temperatures
(122-158 degrees F).
Vegetative stage - ANSWER>>State of active growth of microorganisms (as
apposed to the resting or spore stages)
Angstrom - ANSWER>>A unit that measure visible light.
Binary fission - ANSWER>>The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a
cell divides into equal parts.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) - ANSWER>>Staphylococcus
aureus bacteria that have developed a resistance to Methicillin, the drug of
choice.
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) - ANSWER>>Enterococcus bacteria that
are no longer sensitive to Vancomycin.
Virus - ANSWER>>One of a group of minute infections agents that grow only in
living tissues or cells.
Host - ANSWER>>The animal, plant, or human that supports the growth of
microorganisms.
Protozoan - ANSWER>>Any one-celled animal-like microorganism of the sub-
kingdom protozoa.
Amoeboid movement - ANSWER>>The crawling movement of cells brought about
by the cell successively becoming longer and then retracting.
, Fungi - ANSWER>>A large group of plant-like organisms including molds,
mushrooms, and yeasts without chlorophyll.
Causative agent (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The microorganism that causes
an infectious disease.
Reservoir of agent (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The place where an infectious
agent (microorganism) can survive.
Carrier - ANSWER>>An individual who harbors and disseminates specific
pathogenic microorganisms without manifesting any clinical symptoms, and who
serves as an intermediary in the transfer of diseases to a susceptible person.
Portal of exit (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The path by which an infectious
agent leaves the reservoir.
Mode of transmission (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The method of transfer of
an infectious agent from the reservoir to a susceptible host.
Portal of entry (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The path used by an infectious
agent to enter a susceptible host.
Susceptible host (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>A person or animal that lacks the
ability to resist infection by an infectious agent.
Crainiotomy - ANSWER>>Opening into skull to access brain
ACF - ANSWER>>Anterior Cervical Fusion
PLIF - ANSWER>>Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
ORIF - ANSWER>>Open Reduction Internal Fixation
Final EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Microbiology - ANSWER>>The study of microorganisms. The science which treats
the nature, life and action of microorganisms.
Contamination - ANSWER>>The state of being soiled or infected by contact with
infectious organisms or other material
Microns - ANSWER>>A unit of measurement; 1/1000 of a millimeter or 1/25,000
of an inch; usually designated by the Greek letter "u".
Protoplasm - ANSWER>>Describes all living materials in a cell. A thick mucous-like
substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical basis of life
within the cell nucleus.
Components of a cell - ANSWER>>cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, capsule,
flagella, nucleus
Phagotization - ANSWER>>The process by which some cells can ingest bacteria or
other foreign particles. (process where white blood cells in the human body
destroy bacteria by engulfing them).
Cytoplasm - ANSWER>>The living matter of a cell between the cell's membrane
and nucleus.
Nucleus - ANSWER>>The functional center of a cell that governs activity and
heredity.
,DNA - ANSWER>>Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The protein found in the chromosomes
of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity..
Cell wall - ANSWER>>A tough rigid structure that helps maintain the cell's shape.
Cell membrane - ANSWER>>This layer is located just beneath the cell wall which is
semi-permeable.
Capsule - ANSWER>>A mucus material that protects the bacteria from the host
cells that try to destroy it.
Flagella - ANSWER>>Thread-like tails attached to the cell that enable the bacteria
to move through liquids.
Acid-fast bacteria - ANSWER>>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which causes
tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium leprae (which cause leprosy).
Spore - ANSWER>>Microrganisms capable of forming a thick wall around
themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant form of
bacterium.
Chlorophyll - ANSWER>>A molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight, and converts
it to energy in a process called photosynthesis.
Aerobic bacteria - ANSWER>>Capable of growing in the presence of free oxygen.
Requiring oxygen.
Anaerobic bacteria - ANSWER>>Capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen.
Not requiring oxygen.
Psychrophiles (bacteria) - ANSWER>>Cold-loving bacteria (59-68 degrees F)
,Mseophiles (bacteria) - ANSWER>>Bacteria that grows best at moderate
temperatures (68-113 degrees F)
Thermophiles (bacteria) - ANSWER>>Bacteria which grow best at a temperatures
(122-158 degrees F).
Vegetative stage - ANSWER>>State of active growth of microorganisms (as
apposed to the resting or spore stages)
Angstrom - ANSWER>>A unit that measure visible light.
Binary fission - ANSWER>>The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a
cell divides into equal parts.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) - ANSWER>>Staphylococcus
aureus bacteria that have developed a resistance to Methicillin, the drug of
choice.
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) - ANSWER>>Enterococcus bacteria that
are no longer sensitive to Vancomycin.
Virus - ANSWER>>One of a group of minute infections agents that grow only in
living tissues or cells.
Host - ANSWER>>The animal, plant, or human that supports the growth of
microorganisms.
Protozoan - ANSWER>>Any one-celled animal-like microorganism of the sub-
kingdom protozoa.
Amoeboid movement - ANSWER>>The crawling movement of cells brought about
by the cell successively becoming longer and then retracting.
, Fungi - ANSWER>>A large group of plant-like organisms including molds,
mushrooms, and yeasts without chlorophyll.
Causative agent (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The microorganism that causes
an infectious disease.
Reservoir of agent (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The place where an infectious
agent (microorganism) can survive.
Carrier - ANSWER>>An individual who harbors and disseminates specific
pathogenic microorganisms without manifesting any clinical symptoms, and who
serves as an intermediary in the transfer of diseases to a susceptible person.
Portal of exit (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The path by which an infectious
agent leaves the reservoir.
Mode of transmission (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The method of transfer of
an infectious agent from the reservoir to a susceptible host.
Portal of entry (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>The path used by an infectious
agent to enter a susceptible host.
Susceptible host (chain of infection) - ANSWER>>A person or animal that lacks the
ability to resist infection by an infectious agent.
Crainiotomy - ANSWER>>Opening into skull to access brain
ACF - ANSWER>>Anterior Cervical Fusion
PLIF - ANSWER>>Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
ORIF - ANSWER>>Open Reduction Internal Fixation
