1
Women's Health EOR Causes and Risk Factors for Postpartum
Depression Latest Solutions 2024.
causes and risk factors for postpartum depression - Correct answer cause is not totally known,
hypo thryoidism is a cause is in some cases so screen if appropriate, women who had depression
before or who have poor support systems are more likely to develop severe depression,
psychotic features are possible
treatement for postpartum depression - Correct answer -consult psych for psychotherapy
-antidepressant medication
-support groups
-involvement of services to relieve child care burden
presentation of postpartum depression - Correct answer -does not devote usual amount of
attention to newborn
postpartum blues features and presentation - Correct answer -within 2 weeks of delivery, at
heigh of hormonal change
-common (50-85%), typical depressive emotions (plus elation?)
-unrelated to the health of mother or baby, social situation,
-more common in cultures where emotions are expressed and with family support
postpartum blues course and tx - Correct answer -usually self-limiting
-lasts a few days to 2-3 weeks
-20% will go on to develop depression in first postpartum year
-tx consists of support from family, provider, and other mothers
when does postpartum Depression develop - Correct answer weeks to months after delivery
P a g e 1 | 91
, 2
how is postpartum depression diagnosed - Correct answer standardized self report or physician
screen
when is the most likely time in a women's life to develop new onset psychosis? - Correct answer
postpartum
most women with gonorrhea are (symptomatic / asymptomatic) - Correct answer asymptomatic
carrieres
microbilogy of gonorrhea - Correct answer gram negative diplococcus
oxidase positive colonies
ferments glucose
-grows in Thayer-Martin or Martin-Lester medium
gonorrhea sx - Correct answer purulent vaginal discharge
urinary frequency and dysuria
rectal discomfort
sx of disseminated gonorrhea - Correct answer triad of polyarthralgia, tenosynovitis, and
dermatitis, or purulent arthritis without dermatitis
may be septic
the major complication of gonorrhea in females - Correct answer salpingitis
prevention and tx of gonorrhea - Correct answer -abstain from sexual activity for 7 days after tx is
started
-re-examine after 3 weeks to rule out tx failure or reinfection
-use condoms
tx with 250mg ceftriaxone and (1g azithromycin or 100mg doxycycline bid x 7 days)
P a g e 2 | 91
, 3
tx for disseminated gonorrhea - Correct answer -admit
-ceftriaxone 1g IM or IV q24h or cefotaxime or ceftizoxime 1g IV q8h
-penicillin allergic spectinomycin 2g IM q12h
TX for infant born to untreated mother with gonorrhea - Correct answer ceftriaxone 25-50mg/kg
IV or IM NTE 125mg once
the most commonly reported notifiable disease in the US - Correct answer chlamydia
microbiology of chlamydia - Correct answer obligate intracellular microorganisms
cell wall similar to gram negative
contain both DNA and RNA
Divide by binary fission but grow intracellular like viruses
can only be grown by tissue culture
risk factors for chlamydia - Correct answer obvious stuff - younger age, sexually active without
barrier protection, lower status
OCP use INCREASES risk?
Six of chlamydia infection - Correct answer may be asymptomatic
-mucopurulent cervical discharge
-hypertrophic cervical inflammation
appearance of PID on US - Correct answer ACUTE - "cogwheel sign" - incomplete septation of the
tubal wall
CHRONIC - "beaded string" - thin tubal wall
P a g e 3 | 91
, 4
microbiology of syphilis - Correct answer treponema pallidum
spirochete
primary syphilis presentation - Correct answer treponemes enter mucous membrane or broken
skin
10-90 days after, painless chancre develoeps
indurated, firm, painless papule or ulcer with raised borders
persists for 1-5 weeks and heals spontaensously
secondary syphilis presentation - Correct answer 2 weeks to 6 months (average 6 weeks) after
chancre appears
generalized cutaneous eruption heals spontaneously after 2-6 weeks
may involve palms and soles, macular, maculopapular, papular, or pustular
patchy alopecia
Condyloma Lata - moist papules in perineal area
tertiarty syphilis presetnation - Correct answer 4-20 years after primary
testing for syphilis - Correct answer darkfield microscopy of lesion or immunoflurescence
serologic tests (VRDL) (RPR) every week for 6 weeks or until positive (usually 3-6 weeks after
infection or 2-3 weeks after chancre)
Treponemal antibody tests - FTA-ABS or MHA-TP are more sensitive and specific, but remain
positive despite therapy
presentation of latent syphilis - Correct answer infectious in first 1-2 years of latency
early latent < 1 year, late latent > 1 yr
possible asymptomatic neurosyphilis (CSF examination recommended)
neurosyphilis prestnation - Correct answer most common during latent syphilis
P a g e 4 | 91
Women's Health EOR Causes and Risk Factors for Postpartum
Depression Latest Solutions 2024.
causes and risk factors for postpartum depression - Correct answer cause is not totally known,
hypo thryoidism is a cause is in some cases so screen if appropriate, women who had depression
before or who have poor support systems are more likely to develop severe depression,
psychotic features are possible
treatement for postpartum depression - Correct answer -consult psych for psychotherapy
-antidepressant medication
-support groups
-involvement of services to relieve child care burden
presentation of postpartum depression - Correct answer -does not devote usual amount of
attention to newborn
postpartum blues features and presentation - Correct answer -within 2 weeks of delivery, at
heigh of hormonal change
-common (50-85%), typical depressive emotions (plus elation?)
-unrelated to the health of mother or baby, social situation,
-more common in cultures where emotions are expressed and with family support
postpartum blues course and tx - Correct answer -usually self-limiting
-lasts a few days to 2-3 weeks
-20% will go on to develop depression in first postpartum year
-tx consists of support from family, provider, and other mothers
when does postpartum Depression develop - Correct answer weeks to months after delivery
P a g e 1 | 91
, 2
how is postpartum depression diagnosed - Correct answer standardized self report or physician
screen
when is the most likely time in a women's life to develop new onset psychosis? - Correct answer
postpartum
most women with gonorrhea are (symptomatic / asymptomatic) - Correct answer asymptomatic
carrieres
microbilogy of gonorrhea - Correct answer gram negative diplococcus
oxidase positive colonies
ferments glucose
-grows in Thayer-Martin or Martin-Lester medium
gonorrhea sx - Correct answer purulent vaginal discharge
urinary frequency and dysuria
rectal discomfort
sx of disseminated gonorrhea - Correct answer triad of polyarthralgia, tenosynovitis, and
dermatitis, or purulent arthritis without dermatitis
may be septic
the major complication of gonorrhea in females - Correct answer salpingitis
prevention and tx of gonorrhea - Correct answer -abstain from sexual activity for 7 days after tx is
started
-re-examine after 3 weeks to rule out tx failure or reinfection
-use condoms
tx with 250mg ceftriaxone and (1g azithromycin or 100mg doxycycline bid x 7 days)
P a g e 2 | 91
, 3
tx for disseminated gonorrhea - Correct answer -admit
-ceftriaxone 1g IM or IV q24h or cefotaxime or ceftizoxime 1g IV q8h
-penicillin allergic spectinomycin 2g IM q12h
TX for infant born to untreated mother with gonorrhea - Correct answer ceftriaxone 25-50mg/kg
IV or IM NTE 125mg once
the most commonly reported notifiable disease in the US - Correct answer chlamydia
microbiology of chlamydia - Correct answer obligate intracellular microorganisms
cell wall similar to gram negative
contain both DNA and RNA
Divide by binary fission but grow intracellular like viruses
can only be grown by tissue culture
risk factors for chlamydia - Correct answer obvious stuff - younger age, sexually active without
barrier protection, lower status
OCP use INCREASES risk?
Six of chlamydia infection - Correct answer may be asymptomatic
-mucopurulent cervical discharge
-hypertrophic cervical inflammation
appearance of PID on US - Correct answer ACUTE - "cogwheel sign" - incomplete septation of the
tubal wall
CHRONIC - "beaded string" - thin tubal wall
P a g e 3 | 91
, 4
microbiology of syphilis - Correct answer treponema pallidum
spirochete
primary syphilis presentation - Correct answer treponemes enter mucous membrane or broken
skin
10-90 days after, painless chancre develoeps
indurated, firm, painless papule or ulcer with raised borders
persists for 1-5 weeks and heals spontaensously
secondary syphilis presentation - Correct answer 2 weeks to 6 months (average 6 weeks) after
chancre appears
generalized cutaneous eruption heals spontaneously after 2-6 weeks
may involve palms and soles, macular, maculopapular, papular, or pustular
patchy alopecia
Condyloma Lata - moist papules in perineal area
tertiarty syphilis presetnation - Correct answer 4-20 years after primary
testing for syphilis - Correct answer darkfield microscopy of lesion or immunoflurescence
serologic tests (VRDL) (RPR) every week for 6 weeks or until positive (usually 3-6 weeks after
infection or 2-3 weeks after chancre)
Treponemal antibody tests - FTA-ABS or MHA-TP are more sensitive and specific, but remain
positive despite therapy
presentation of latent syphilis - Correct answer infectious in first 1-2 years of latency
early latent < 1 year, late latent > 1 yr
possible asymptomatic neurosyphilis (CSF examination recommended)
neurosyphilis prestnation - Correct answer most common during latent syphilis
P a g e 4 | 91
