Speech Language Pathology (SLP) Exams (Latest
2024/ 2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE WITH
COMPETE SOLUTIONS) Questions and Verified
Answers| 100% Correct | Grade A
Allophone - ANSWERvariation of pronunciation of the same phoneme sound that
does not change the meaning of the words in which the phoneme appears ie. green
v. red or dialectal changes of /r/ in the word "car"
Phonemic - ANSWERthe abstract idea of a sound. We use slash marks ("/") to
represent these sounds)
Phonetic - ANSWERrelated to concrete production of specific sounds. We use
brackets ("[ ]") to represent these productions.
Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of speech sounds in terms of physical, physiological, and
acoustic properties.
Acoustic Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of relationships btwn articulation and acoustic
signal of speech and analyzes acoustic properties of sound waves
Auditory Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of hearing, perception, and the brain's
processing of speech
Articulatory / Physiological Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of speech sound production;
emphasis on how physiological movements of articulators produce individual sounds
Applied Clinical Phonetics - ANSWERStudy of the practical application of research in
articulatory, perceptual, acoustic, and experimental phonetics.
Experimental Phonetics - ANSWERanalysis of speech sounds with objective
laboratory and experimental techniques
Descriptive Phonetics - ANSWERStudy and explanation of unique sound properties of
various dialects and languages
Language - ANSWERa code or system of symbols used to express concepts formed
through exposure and experience.
Speech - ANSWERthe production of language
Language and Speech - ANSWERverbal behaviors shaped and maintained by social
communities
,Phonology - ANSWERscientific study of sound systems and patterns used to create
the sounds and words of langauge
Phonemes - ANSWERin language, the smallest distinctive sound unit
Coda - ANSWERconsonant at the end of a syllable
Rhyme - ANSWERcombination of nucleus and coda
Onset - ANSWERinitial consonant or consonant cluster at the beginning of syllable
Nucleus - ANSWERvowel or dipthong in middle of syllable
Syllable - ANSWERsmallest phonetic unit
Syllabics - ANSWERconsonants that carry syllables ie. /m,/ in "love 'em", /n,/ in
"more n' more", /l,/ in "bottle" - the syllabic natue is marked by diacritic /,/
Syllabification - ANSWERthe skill of identifying the number of syllables in words
Distinctive features: Consonantal - ANSWERrelating to or functioning as a consonant
**The only sounds that are not consonantal: /h/, /w/, and /j/ (these are considered
semi-vowels)
Distinctive features: Anterior - ANSWERconsonants articulated in front of the mouth
Distinctive features: Coronal - ANSWERconsonants formed with the front flexible
part of the tongue (tip of the tongue) ie. /r/, /th/, /t/, /s/, etc.
Distinctive features: Continuant - ANSWERconsonant formed with complete closure
of oral cavity. Continuants don't block air from moving through the mouth, meaning
that they can be sustained for an entire breath. ie. /s/, /h/, /w/, /th/, etc/.
They are NOT: /t/, /d/, /n/, /m/, /ch/, /dg/, /k/, /g/, /ng/, /p/, /b/
Distinctive features: High, Low, Back - ANSWERHigh: /sh/, /zh/, /j/, /ch/, /dg/, /k/,
/g/, /ng/
Low: /h/
Back: /k/, /g/, /ng/
Distinctive features: Strident - ANSWERhigh-pitched, strong, voiced frictional sound
created when speaking a fricative consonant
Distinctive features: Vocalic - ANSWER/l/, /r/
Cognate Pairs - ANSWERSounds that are identical except for voicing (e.g., p and b).
, Psychoacoustics - ANSWERthe study of how humans respond to sound as a physical
phenomenon
Acoustics: Compression/ Condensation - ANSWERphase of sound in which vibratory
movements of object increase density of air molecules b/c molecules
compressed/condensed. OPPOSITE of Rarefaction.
Rarefaction - ANSWERThinning of air molecules when a vibrating object returns to
equilibrium
Simple Harmonic Motion/ Sine Wave - ANSWERback and forth movement of
particles when the movement is symmetrical and periodic
Sinusoidal motion/ wave - ANSWERa wave with a horizontal/vertical symmetry,
contains one peak, crest, valley, a trough, contains one single frequency and result of
a simple harmonic motion.
Periodic Waves - ANSWERsound waves that repeat themselves at regular intervals
and are predictable
Aperiodic Waves - ANSWERrandom vibratory patterns and therefore are difficult to
predict from one time interval to the next
Intensity - ANSWERquality of sound that creates sensation of loudness. Amount of
energy transmitted per second over an area of 1 sq. meter. Decibels (dB).
Bel - ANSWERLogarithmic unit of measure of sound intensity
Decibel- Ear is sensitive to 130 units called decibels
CSG System - ANSWERmetric system of measuring length of centimeters, time in
seconds, and mass in grams.
Oscillation - ANSWERThe back and forth movement of air molecules because of a
vibrating object
Elasticity - ANSWERproperty that makes it possible for matter to recover its form or
volume when subjected to distortion.
Natural Frequency - ANSWERthe frequency at which a system naturally vibrates once
it has been set into motion. Determined by source's mass and stiffness. Increased
mass = decreased frequency; Increased stiffness = increased frequency.
Formant Frequency - ANSWERfrequency region with concentrated acoustic energy
fundamental frequency (F0) - ANSWERthe lowest frequency (first harmonic) of a
complex periodic waveform
2024/ 2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE WITH
COMPETE SOLUTIONS) Questions and Verified
Answers| 100% Correct | Grade A
Allophone - ANSWERvariation of pronunciation of the same phoneme sound that
does not change the meaning of the words in which the phoneme appears ie. green
v. red or dialectal changes of /r/ in the word "car"
Phonemic - ANSWERthe abstract idea of a sound. We use slash marks ("/") to
represent these sounds)
Phonetic - ANSWERrelated to concrete production of specific sounds. We use
brackets ("[ ]") to represent these productions.
Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of speech sounds in terms of physical, physiological, and
acoustic properties.
Acoustic Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of relationships btwn articulation and acoustic
signal of speech and analyzes acoustic properties of sound waves
Auditory Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of hearing, perception, and the brain's
processing of speech
Articulatory / Physiological Phonetics - ANSWERstudy of speech sound production;
emphasis on how physiological movements of articulators produce individual sounds
Applied Clinical Phonetics - ANSWERStudy of the practical application of research in
articulatory, perceptual, acoustic, and experimental phonetics.
Experimental Phonetics - ANSWERanalysis of speech sounds with objective
laboratory and experimental techniques
Descriptive Phonetics - ANSWERStudy and explanation of unique sound properties of
various dialects and languages
Language - ANSWERa code or system of symbols used to express concepts formed
through exposure and experience.
Speech - ANSWERthe production of language
Language and Speech - ANSWERverbal behaviors shaped and maintained by social
communities
,Phonology - ANSWERscientific study of sound systems and patterns used to create
the sounds and words of langauge
Phonemes - ANSWERin language, the smallest distinctive sound unit
Coda - ANSWERconsonant at the end of a syllable
Rhyme - ANSWERcombination of nucleus and coda
Onset - ANSWERinitial consonant or consonant cluster at the beginning of syllable
Nucleus - ANSWERvowel or dipthong in middle of syllable
Syllable - ANSWERsmallest phonetic unit
Syllabics - ANSWERconsonants that carry syllables ie. /m,/ in "love 'em", /n,/ in
"more n' more", /l,/ in "bottle" - the syllabic natue is marked by diacritic /,/
Syllabification - ANSWERthe skill of identifying the number of syllables in words
Distinctive features: Consonantal - ANSWERrelating to or functioning as a consonant
**The only sounds that are not consonantal: /h/, /w/, and /j/ (these are considered
semi-vowels)
Distinctive features: Anterior - ANSWERconsonants articulated in front of the mouth
Distinctive features: Coronal - ANSWERconsonants formed with the front flexible
part of the tongue (tip of the tongue) ie. /r/, /th/, /t/, /s/, etc.
Distinctive features: Continuant - ANSWERconsonant formed with complete closure
of oral cavity. Continuants don't block air from moving through the mouth, meaning
that they can be sustained for an entire breath. ie. /s/, /h/, /w/, /th/, etc/.
They are NOT: /t/, /d/, /n/, /m/, /ch/, /dg/, /k/, /g/, /ng/, /p/, /b/
Distinctive features: High, Low, Back - ANSWERHigh: /sh/, /zh/, /j/, /ch/, /dg/, /k/,
/g/, /ng/
Low: /h/
Back: /k/, /g/, /ng/
Distinctive features: Strident - ANSWERhigh-pitched, strong, voiced frictional sound
created when speaking a fricative consonant
Distinctive features: Vocalic - ANSWER/l/, /r/
Cognate Pairs - ANSWERSounds that are identical except for voicing (e.g., p and b).
, Psychoacoustics - ANSWERthe study of how humans respond to sound as a physical
phenomenon
Acoustics: Compression/ Condensation - ANSWERphase of sound in which vibratory
movements of object increase density of air molecules b/c molecules
compressed/condensed. OPPOSITE of Rarefaction.
Rarefaction - ANSWERThinning of air molecules when a vibrating object returns to
equilibrium
Simple Harmonic Motion/ Sine Wave - ANSWERback and forth movement of
particles when the movement is symmetrical and periodic
Sinusoidal motion/ wave - ANSWERa wave with a horizontal/vertical symmetry,
contains one peak, crest, valley, a trough, contains one single frequency and result of
a simple harmonic motion.
Periodic Waves - ANSWERsound waves that repeat themselves at regular intervals
and are predictable
Aperiodic Waves - ANSWERrandom vibratory patterns and therefore are difficult to
predict from one time interval to the next
Intensity - ANSWERquality of sound that creates sensation of loudness. Amount of
energy transmitted per second over an area of 1 sq. meter. Decibels (dB).
Bel - ANSWERLogarithmic unit of measure of sound intensity
Decibel- Ear is sensitive to 130 units called decibels
CSG System - ANSWERmetric system of measuring length of centimeters, time in
seconds, and mass in grams.
Oscillation - ANSWERThe back and forth movement of air molecules because of a
vibrating object
Elasticity - ANSWERproperty that makes it possible for matter to recover its form or
volume when subjected to distortion.
Natural Frequency - ANSWERthe frequency at which a system naturally vibrates once
it has been set into motion. Determined by source's mass and stiffness. Increased
mass = decreased frequency; Increased stiffness = increased frequency.
Formant Frequency - ANSWERfrequency region with concentrated acoustic energy
fundamental frequency (F0) - ANSWERthe lowest frequency (first harmonic) of a
complex periodic waveform
