SHARP ESO Grossmont, SHARP ESO Exams Questions
and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A (Latest
2024/ 2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS)
Nurse initiating ESO will document - ANSWER1. Life threatening condition
2. Precipitating factors
3. Specific ESO implemented
4. Patient response
5. When and which physician was notified
ESO are initiated: - ANSWERFor life-threatening patient conditions in the absence of
the physician or specific orders
Adequate CPR - ANSWER1. Push hard
2. Full chest recoil
3. Minimize interruptions
4. 100-120 compressions/min
5. 15 L O2 by bag mask (10 breaths per min)
6. 30:2
ETCO2 monitoring - ANSWERUse to assess quality of CPR and evaluate return of rosc
How many breaths with advanced airway? - ANSWER1 breath every 6 seconds
Targeted temperature management - ANSWERShould be used on all patients not
following commands or purposeful movement within 120 mins after ROSC
What is a rapid bolus? - ANSWERFluids administered in 5-15 mins
Non invasive cardiac monitoring - ANSWERDevice that uses bioreactane to
determine cardiac output and is implemented where available by RRT or ICU RN to
determine fluid responsiveness and guide fluid resuscitation
Passive leg raise - ANSWERPosition patient flat on their back, and their legs are
elevated to 45 degrees.
These interventions are instituted for all emergency situations outlined in the ESO
Standardized Procedure: - ANSWER1.
Obtain intravenous (IV)/intraosseous (IO) access
2. Begin IV infusion of normal saline (NS) at keep vein open (KVO). If IV access is
unavailable: Lidocaine, Epinephrine, Atropine, and Naloxone (Narcan) may be
administered via endotracheal route at doses of 2-2 1/2 times the IV dose.
,3. If IV access is unavailable, Naloxone (Narcan) may be administered IM at the same
dose as IV administration
4. Flush the IV line with 20mL of NS after each IV medication given and elevate the
extremity if applicable.
5. In applicable situations, obtain oxygen (O2) saturation
6.Monitor and document ETCO2 for code blue events.
7. Titrate oxygen to patients' response.
Signs (objective): - ANSWERTachypnea, apnea, respiratory depression, tachycardia,
bradycardia, arrhythmias, hypotension, decreased O2 saturation, dyspnea, change in
level of consciousness, increased intracranial pressure (ICP), status epilepticus
Symptoms (subjective) - ANSWERDizziness, lightheadedness, chest pain, shortness of
breath (SOB), chest pain, weakness, cold, diaphoresis, heart palpitations,
anxiousness
What is the initial treatment for asystole? - ANSWERInitiate CPR immediately
What is the recommended oxygen flow rate for a patient in asystole? - ANSWERO2
at 15L/minute ambu bag (10 breaths/minute)
What medication is administered in asystole and how often? - ANSWEREpinephrine
1mg IVP/IO (0.1 mg/mL), repeat every 3-5 min
How frequently should pulse checks be performed during CPR for asystole? -
ANSWEREvery 2 minutes
What should be verified before initiating treatment for asystole? - ANSWERVerify
with pulse check and ensure that all leads are connected
Bradycardia - Initial Treatment - ANSWER1. O2 at minimum 10 L/minute (NRBM)
Bradycardia - Atropine Administration - ANSWER1. Atropine 1mg IVP/IO, repeat
every 3-5 minutes up to a maximum of 3 mg
Bradycardia - Dopamine Administration - ANSWER1. Start Dopamine 400mg/250 mL
D5W at 5 mcg/kg/minute if above algorithm is ineffective. ICU or RRT RN to titrate
until patient is asymptomatic.
Bradycardia - Epinephrine Administration - ANSWER1. Start Epinephrine 2mg/250 mL
NS at 2mcg/minute if above algorithm is ineffective. Titrate to patient response up to
10 mcg/minute. (RRT or ICU RN Only)
, What are common causes of Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)? -
ANSWERHypovolemia and hypoxia
What is the recommended initial intervention for PEA? - ANSWERCPR
What mnemonic is used to assess possible causes of PEA? - ANSWERH's and T's:
Hypovolemia, hypoxia, hydrogen ion (acidosis), hypo/hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia,
hypothermia; Toxins, tamponade, thrombosis, trauma, tension pneumothorax
What is the recommended oxygen delivery method for PEA? - ANSWERO2 at
15L/minute via ambu bag (10 breaths/minute)
What medication is administered for PEA? - ANSWEREpinephrine 1mg IVP/IO
(0.1mg/ml), repeat every 3-5 minutes
What is the next step if hypovolemia is known or suspected in PEA? - ANSWERInfuse
250 mL NS rapid bolus. Repeat in 5 minutes if no clinical improvement. If lactated
ringers (LR) already infusing, may use LR
What imaging study is recommended for PEA? - ANSWERStat chest x-ray (CXR)
What are the criteria for stable ventricular tachycardia? - ANSWERPatient is
conscious with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 90 and does not have any unstable
signs/symptoms.
How should stable ventricular tachycardia be treated? - ANSWER1. Call physician for
orders. 2. Administer oxygen at a minimum of 4L/min and titrate to patient
response. 3. Obtain a 12-lead ECG. 4. Draw serum potassium (K+) and magnesium
(Mg++) levels.
What are the criteria for treating unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT)? -
ANSWERPatient must be symptomatic, exhibiting one or more of the 'unstable'
symptoms related to the tachycardia.
How should unstable VT be treated? - ANSWERThe patient should be immediately
cardioverted and treated with O2, synchronized cardioversion, medications like
Midazolam, 12 Lead EKG, and serum K+ and Mg++ levels should be checked.
What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines in the context of treating unstable
VT? - ANSWERFlumazenil (Romazicon) 0.2 mg IVP over 15 seconds.
What is Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)? - ANSWERVF is characterized by disorganized
ventricular depolarization that is irregular and unable to generate any cardiac
output. It can be coarse or fine.
and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A (Latest
2024/ 2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS)
Nurse initiating ESO will document - ANSWER1. Life threatening condition
2. Precipitating factors
3. Specific ESO implemented
4. Patient response
5. When and which physician was notified
ESO are initiated: - ANSWERFor life-threatening patient conditions in the absence of
the physician or specific orders
Adequate CPR - ANSWER1. Push hard
2. Full chest recoil
3. Minimize interruptions
4. 100-120 compressions/min
5. 15 L O2 by bag mask (10 breaths per min)
6. 30:2
ETCO2 monitoring - ANSWERUse to assess quality of CPR and evaluate return of rosc
How many breaths with advanced airway? - ANSWER1 breath every 6 seconds
Targeted temperature management - ANSWERShould be used on all patients not
following commands or purposeful movement within 120 mins after ROSC
What is a rapid bolus? - ANSWERFluids administered in 5-15 mins
Non invasive cardiac monitoring - ANSWERDevice that uses bioreactane to
determine cardiac output and is implemented where available by RRT or ICU RN to
determine fluid responsiveness and guide fluid resuscitation
Passive leg raise - ANSWERPosition patient flat on their back, and their legs are
elevated to 45 degrees.
These interventions are instituted for all emergency situations outlined in the ESO
Standardized Procedure: - ANSWER1.
Obtain intravenous (IV)/intraosseous (IO) access
2. Begin IV infusion of normal saline (NS) at keep vein open (KVO). If IV access is
unavailable: Lidocaine, Epinephrine, Atropine, and Naloxone (Narcan) may be
administered via endotracheal route at doses of 2-2 1/2 times the IV dose.
,3. If IV access is unavailable, Naloxone (Narcan) may be administered IM at the same
dose as IV administration
4. Flush the IV line with 20mL of NS after each IV medication given and elevate the
extremity if applicable.
5. In applicable situations, obtain oxygen (O2) saturation
6.Monitor and document ETCO2 for code blue events.
7. Titrate oxygen to patients' response.
Signs (objective): - ANSWERTachypnea, apnea, respiratory depression, tachycardia,
bradycardia, arrhythmias, hypotension, decreased O2 saturation, dyspnea, change in
level of consciousness, increased intracranial pressure (ICP), status epilepticus
Symptoms (subjective) - ANSWERDizziness, lightheadedness, chest pain, shortness of
breath (SOB), chest pain, weakness, cold, diaphoresis, heart palpitations,
anxiousness
What is the initial treatment for asystole? - ANSWERInitiate CPR immediately
What is the recommended oxygen flow rate for a patient in asystole? - ANSWERO2
at 15L/minute ambu bag (10 breaths/minute)
What medication is administered in asystole and how often? - ANSWEREpinephrine
1mg IVP/IO (0.1 mg/mL), repeat every 3-5 min
How frequently should pulse checks be performed during CPR for asystole? -
ANSWEREvery 2 minutes
What should be verified before initiating treatment for asystole? - ANSWERVerify
with pulse check and ensure that all leads are connected
Bradycardia - Initial Treatment - ANSWER1. O2 at minimum 10 L/minute (NRBM)
Bradycardia - Atropine Administration - ANSWER1. Atropine 1mg IVP/IO, repeat
every 3-5 minutes up to a maximum of 3 mg
Bradycardia - Dopamine Administration - ANSWER1. Start Dopamine 400mg/250 mL
D5W at 5 mcg/kg/minute if above algorithm is ineffective. ICU or RRT RN to titrate
until patient is asymptomatic.
Bradycardia - Epinephrine Administration - ANSWER1. Start Epinephrine 2mg/250 mL
NS at 2mcg/minute if above algorithm is ineffective. Titrate to patient response up to
10 mcg/minute. (RRT or ICU RN Only)
, What are common causes of Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)? -
ANSWERHypovolemia and hypoxia
What is the recommended initial intervention for PEA? - ANSWERCPR
What mnemonic is used to assess possible causes of PEA? - ANSWERH's and T's:
Hypovolemia, hypoxia, hydrogen ion (acidosis), hypo/hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia,
hypothermia; Toxins, tamponade, thrombosis, trauma, tension pneumothorax
What is the recommended oxygen delivery method for PEA? - ANSWERO2 at
15L/minute via ambu bag (10 breaths/minute)
What medication is administered for PEA? - ANSWEREpinephrine 1mg IVP/IO
(0.1mg/ml), repeat every 3-5 minutes
What is the next step if hypovolemia is known or suspected in PEA? - ANSWERInfuse
250 mL NS rapid bolus. Repeat in 5 minutes if no clinical improvement. If lactated
ringers (LR) already infusing, may use LR
What imaging study is recommended for PEA? - ANSWERStat chest x-ray (CXR)
What are the criteria for stable ventricular tachycardia? - ANSWERPatient is
conscious with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 90 and does not have any unstable
signs/symptoms.
How should stable ventricular tachycardia be treated? - ANSWER1. Call physician for
orders. 2. Administer oxygen at a minimum of 4L/min and titrate to patient
response. 3. Obtain a 12-lead ECG. 4. Draw serum potassium (K+) and magnesium
(Mg++) levels.
What are the criteria for treating unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT)? -
ANSWERPatient must be symptomatic, exhibiting one or more of the 'unstable'
symptoms related to the tachycardia.
How should unstable VT be treated? - ANSWERThe patient should be immediately
cardioverted and treated with O2, synchronized cardioversion, medications like
Midazolam, 12 Lead EKG, and serum K+ and Mg++ levels should be checked.
What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines in the context of treating unstable
VT? - ANSWERFlumazenil (Romazicon) 0.2 mg IVP over 15 seconds.
What is Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)? - ANSWERVF is characterized by disorganized
ventricular depolarization that is irregular and unable to generate any cardiac
output. It can be coarse or fine.
