NSG 555 QUIZ 2 MODULE 4 DBTS EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS VERIFIED
Diabetes screening recommendations
1. OGTT or A1C if overweight and 1 + risk factors
family hx, heritage (nonwhite), CVD, HTN, HLD, PCOS, inactive, s/s: acanthosis
nigricans, obesity
2. A1C >5.7 should be tested yearly
3. if women an Gestational dbts test q3 years
4. anyone else start at age 45
5. if normal results test q3 years unless new risk factors
Type 1 diabetes
autoimmune destruction of Beta cells -->lifelong dependance on insulin (they have ab to
islet cells, insulin autoab, ab to tyrosine phosphate), surigal removal of pancrease
(whipple)-->type 1
latent autoimmune dbts (LABA)
beta cell dysfunction in older adults--reduced insulin production + lipolysis, decreased
incretin effect, increased glucagon secretions
Incretins
peptides that are produced in the GI tract in response to food that help to modulate
insulin and glucagon activity
, Glucagon
A hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells that increases blood glucose
concentration
type 2 diabetes
insulin resistance-->increased insulin secretion-->inc blood glucose
need tx to improve insulin sensitivity.
note that metabolic syndrome common in presentation
metabolic syndrome
A syndrome marked by the presence of usually three or more of a group of factors (as
high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, and
high fasting levels of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular
disease and Type 2 diabetes.
type 1 dm presentation
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, wt loss, blurry cision, fatigue, s/s dbts. Late s/s: DKA
(rapid shallow breathing, low BP, dehydration, n/v/abd pain)
type 2 dm presentation
asymptomatic or subtle symptoms. often vascular/neuropathic complications first
polyuria, polydipsia, blurry vision, fatigue, infectiosn, slow healing wounds
exam for dbts initial
focus on dehydration, wt loss (dry/flushed), palpate thyroid (common to also have type 1
dm), vascular and neuropathic complications.
exam for dbts follow up
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS VERIFIED
Diabetes screening recommendations
1. OGTT or A1C if overweight and 1 + risk factors
family hx, heritage (nonwhite), CVD, HTN, HLD, PCOS, inactive, s/s: acanthosis
nigricans, obesity
2. A1C >5.7 should be tested yearly
3. if women an Gestational dbts test q3 years
4. anyone else start at age 45
5. if normal results test q3 years unless new risk factors
Type 1 diabetes
autoimmune destruction of Beta cells -->lifelong dependance on insulin (they have ab to
islet cells, insulin autoab, ab to tyrosine phosphate), surigal removal of pancrease
(whipple)-->type 1
latent autoimmune dbts (LABA)
beta cell dysfunction in older adults--reduced insulin production + lipolysis, decreased
incretin effect, increased glucagon secretions
Incretins
peptides that are produced in the GI tract in response to food that help to modulate
insulin and glucagon activity
, Glucagon
A hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells that increases blood glucose
concentration
type 2 diabetes
insulin resistance-->increased insulin secretion-->inc blood glucose
need tx to improve insulin sensitivity.
note that metabolic syndrome common in presentation
metabolic syndrome
A syndrome marked by the presence of usually three or more of a group of factors (as
high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, and
high fasting levels of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular
disease and Type 2 diabetes.
type 1 dm presentation
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, wt loss, blurry cision, fatigue, s/s dbts. Late s/s: DKA
(rapid shallow breathing, low BP, dehydration, n/v/abd pain)
type 2 dm presentation
asymptomatic or subtle symptoms. often vascular/neuropathic complications first
polyuria, polydipsia, blurry vision, fatigue, infectiosn, slow healing wounds
exam for dbts initial
focus on dehydration, wt loss (dry/flushed), palpate thyroid (common to also have type 1
dm), vascular and neuropathic complications.
exam for dbts follow up
