GMS 6552 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Which type of receptor most often utilizes second-messenger systems in its
signaling?
G-protein coupled receptors
Assume you have receptor antagonists that are able to stop receptor signaling
immediately. For which type of receptor would it take the longest to see the
effects of your drug at the cellular level?
Nuclear receptors
For which type of receptor would having adequate membrane permeability of an
agonist be most critical?
Nuclear receptors
Is it more likely for a G-protein coupled receptor agonist to bind near the N- or C-
terminus of the receptor?
N-terminus
Is it more likely to find a GPCR bound to a G-protein that is also bound to GTP or
GDP?
GDP
Which protein ultimately is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus as a
result of JAK signaling?
STAT
, Where, in relation to the protein-coding region of a gene, are the binding sites
that become occupied by nuclear receptors?
Upstream
The levels of which second-messenger would be expected to increase following
administration of nitroglycerin?
cGMP
Does TGF-b treatment cause cells to grow more or less in the soft agar assay?
More
The latent TGF-b must be cleaved by what protease in order to be activated?
Plasmin
In the TGF-b pathway, which protein becomes activated first upon binding of a
ligand?
TGFbR2
How many DNA binding domains do SMADs have?
1
Different SMAD complexes bind different genes. Which group of SMADs is
responsible for this specificity?
R-SMADs
Would it likely be most beneficial for an early tumor to up- or down-regulate the
TGF-b pathway?
Down-regulate
Would it likely be most beneficial for a large, well-developed tumor to up- or
down-regulate the TGF-b pathway?
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Which type of receptor most often utilizes second-messenger systems in its
signaling?
G-protein coupled receptors
Assume you have receptor antagonists that are able to stop receptor signaling
immediately. For which type of receptor would it take the longest to see the
effects of your drug at the cellular level?
Nuclear receptors
For which type of receptor would having adequate membrane permeability of an
agonist be most critical?
Nuclear receptors
Is it more likely for a G-protein coupled receptor agonist to bind near the N- or C-
terminus of the receptor?
N-terminus
Is it more likely to find a GPCR bound to a G-protein that is also bound to GTP or
GDP?
GDP
Which protein ultimately is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus as a
result of JAK signaling?
STAT
, Where, in relation to the protein-coding region of a gene, are the binding sites
that become occupied by nuclear receptors?
Upstream
The levels of which second-messenger would be expected to increase following
administration of nitroglycerin?
cGMP
Does TGF-b treatment cause cells to grow more or less in the soft agar assay?
More
The latent TGF-b must be cleaved by what protease in order to be activated?
Plasmin
In the TGF-b pathway, which protein becomes activated first upon binding of a
ligand?
TGFbR2
How many DNA binding domains do SMADs have?
1
Different SMAD complexes bind different genes. Which group of SMADs is
responsible for this specificity?
R-SMADs
Would it likely be most beneficial for an early tumor to up- or down-regulate the
TGF-b pathway?
Down-regulate
Would it likely be most beneficial for a large, well-developed tumor to up- or
down-regulate the TGF-b pathway?
