MHA 710/ MHA710 Exam 3 & Exam 4: (Latest
2024/ 2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE)
Questions and Verified Answers| Grade A| 100%
Correct
The direct costs in an economic evaluation include the all the following except: -
ANSWERreduced productivity at work
When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical
efficacy and include: - ANSWERbone-mass density (BMD)
Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate measure? -
ANSWERHip fracture
The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include: - ANSWERPain
and suffering
Suppose that you are asked to use the standard time trade-off approach to
measuring quality of life and are given the following information. An individual is
faced with living the remaining 10 years of her life suffering from severe
osteoporosis. She reveals that she would be willing to give up four of those years to
live the remaining six in perfect health. What is the utility of one year in the chronic
health state relative to perfect health? - ANSWER0.6
Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One popular approach is
called the - ANSWERstandard gamble
The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is ______ per capita income. - ANSWERequal
to
Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into health policy
making in - ANSWERAustralia, Europe, Canada
Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these EXCEPT -
ANSWERprioritizing the alternative treatment options
Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to - ANSWERdo all of the above
(a. study the burden of a disease
b. determine the low-cost option to treat a disease
c. compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is identical
d. increase public awareness of cost of treating certain diseases)
, Many economists consider medical care a superior good. Which of the following
statements is true regarding a superior good? - ANSWERBoth c and d are true of
superior goods
(As consumer income increases, a larger percentage of that income is spent on
superior goods
A superior good has an income elasticity of demand greater than 1)
A critical assumption in the model of demand and supply is the independence of
demand and supply curves. If the two are not independent, a shift in the supply
curve can lead to a shift in the demand curve referred to as - ANSWERsupplier-
induced demand.
The top ten causes of death in the United States in 2010 included all of the following
except - ANSWERAIDS
The accompanying diagram depicts the relationship between health status and
medical care spending for a particular country. Which of the following statements is
true? - ANSWERSocial pressures will move the health care system to spend S2.
Health care that actually harms the patient, such as an adverse reaction to a
prescription drug, is called - ANSWERiatrogenic disease
The number one cause of death in the United States in 1980 was - ANSWERheart
disease
Health insurance features that tend to reduce moral hazard include - ANSWERall of
the above
(a. deductibles, coinsurance, copayments)
The concept quality-adjusted life year (QALY) - ANSWERis used extensively to
evaluate medical care resource allocation within government-run programs on fixed
budgets, especially in Europe.
Suppose the recipient of a kidney transplant has stated that she would prefer 5 years
of perfect health to the 10 years she expects to live with her transplant. For this
person, each of her remaining 10 years of life has a QALY value of - ANSWER5
If health care spending is already on the flat-of-the-curve, it may not be possible to
buy improved health status by increasing spending. In this situation, the best way to
improve health status may be to - ANSWERimprove life-style decisions by reducing
smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use
McKeown's (1976) research attributed the majority of the secular decline in
mortality rates in Europe and North America to - ANSWERbetter nutrition and
housing
Factors affecting medical care demand include - ANSWERall of the above
2024/ 2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE)
Questions and Verified Answers| Grade A| 100%
Correct
The direct costs in an economic evaluation include the all the following except: -
ANSWERreduced productivity at work
When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical
efficacy and include: - ANSWERbone-mass density (BMD)
Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate measure? -
ANSWERHip fracture
The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include: - ANSWERPain
and suffering
Suppose that you are asked to use the standard time trade-off approach to
measuring quality of life and are given the following information. An individual is
faced with living the remaining 10 years of her life suffering from severe
osteoporosis. She reveals that she would be willing to give up four of those years to
live the remaining six in perfect health. What is the utility of one year in the chronic
health state relative to perfect health? - ANSWER0.6
Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One popular approach is
called the - ANSWERstandard gamble
The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is ______ per capita income. - ANSWERequal
to
Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into health policy
making in - ANSWERAustralia, Europe, Canada
Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these EXCEPT -
ANSWERprioritizing the alternative treatment options
Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to - ANSWERdo all of the above
(a. study the burden of a disease
b. determine the low-cost option to treat a disease
c. compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is identical
d. increase public awareness of cost of treating certain diseases)
, Many economists consider medical care a superior good. Which of the following
statements is true regarding a superior good? - ANSWERBoth c and d are true of
superior goods
(As consumer income increases, a larger percentage of that income is spent on
superior goods
A superior good has an income elasticity of demand greater than 1)
A critical assumption in the model of demand and supply is the independence of
demand and supply curves. If the two are not independent, a shift in the supply
curve can lead to a shift in the demand curve referred to as - ANSWERsupplier-
induced demand.
The top ten causes of death in the United States in 2010 included all of the following
except - ANSWERAIDS
The accompanying diagram depicts the relationship between health status and
medical care spending for a particular country. Which of the following statements is
true? - ANSWERSocial pressures will move the health care system to spend S2.
Health care that actually harms the patient, such as an adverse reaction to a
prescription drug, is called - ANSWERiatrogenic disease
The number one cause of death in the United States in 1980 was - ANSWERheart
disease
Health insurance features that tend to reduce moral hazard include - ANSWERall of
the above
(a. deductibles, coinsurance, copayments)
The concept quality-adjusted life year (QALY) - ANSWERis used extensively to
evaluate medical care resource allocation within government-run programs on fixed
budgets, especially in Europe.
Suppose the recipient of a kidney transplant has stated that she would prefer 5 years
of perfect health to the 10 years she expects to live with her transplant. For this
person, each of her remaining 10 years of life has a QALY value of - ANSWER5
If health care spending is already on the flat-of-the-curve, it may not be possible to
buy improved health status by increasing spending. In this situation, the best way to
improve health status may be to - ANSWERimprove life-style decisions by reducing
smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use
McKeown's (1976) research attributed the majority of the secular decline in
mortality rates in Europe and North America to - ANSWERbetter nutrition and
housing
Factors affecting medical care demand include - ANSWERall of the above
