Forest Mensuration Final Exam-Graded
A
How can we benefit from using scanners in mensuration? - correct answer-1) Help save
time + money
2) Allow us to see more detail
3) Can measure area of items like roots, leaves, and seeds much easier
Why did we chooses our scanner from regent instruments? - correct answer-1) Leader
in scanning technology for tree scanning software
2) Canadian company and software is used worldwide
3) Scanners are simple office scanners that anyone can use
4) Software can be installed on any computer
Methods for evaluating tree cores? - correct answer-1) Use Windendro software and
scanner to make image much larger
2) Use a Vellmex uni-slide
3) Use your eyes or a regular microscope
What is mean annual increment? (MAI) - correct answer-Indicates how fast a stand or
tree is growing. Average annual growth of a tree or stand.
Methods of measuring crown cover? - correct answer-1) Use crown scanner known as
Winscanopy which measures area of forest canopy.
2) Use spherical crown densiometer which contains a mirrored grid and area within
gridded area used to calculate crown cover
How to measure tree root biomass? - correct answer-1) Can use biomass index + root
mass index
2) can also use Winrhizo software by Regent
Needle scanner? - correct answer-Known as Winseedle is used to scan small objects
such as individual seeds + tree needles
The cell scanner? - correct answer-Wood cells can be examined for structure to
approximate strength + integrity.
The foliage scanner? - correct answer-Used for large foliage and is known as Winfolia
3 Volume functions? - correct answer-1) Those that estimate volume of the entire stem
using measuremnets of DBH and total height
, 2) Variations where estimates of stem volume take into account stem taper
3) Volume functions which estimate part of the stem to estimate merchantable volume
What has big impact on stem taper? - correct answer-Wind + stand density
Where do you measure second diameter when using stem taper functions? - correct
answer-Height where diameter over bark is 2/3 the diameter of DBH
Merchantable stem volume functions? - correct answer--Useful for foresters when
attempting to determine possible wood products and volume
-Often based upon a minimum size diameter and is affected by wood defects
What's an empirical function? - correct answer-Those functions which have been
derived from trial and error.
What are 4 uses for taper functions? - correct answer-1) Predict overall tree shape
2) Determine max # of sawlogs and/or pulplogs from a single tree
3) Determine ideal heights to make cross cuts for sawlogs and/or pulplogs
4) To estimate heights and diameters at any point on tree
What is simple linear regression used for? - correct answer-Used to relate one
dependent variable to a single dependent variable.
3 reasons for measuring biomass? - correct answer-1) To understand how tree growth
occurs
2) Help us determine how much carbon is sequestered by forests
3) Some forest products are sold by weight (not volume)
What wood products are sold by weight not volume? - correct answer-1) Short rotation
forests used for bioenergy
2) Firewood
3) Wood used for paper making
How do we measure tree biomass? - correct answer-Involves felling, dissecting, drying,
then weighing tree components. Plants can be dried at 60-80 degrees C for several
days
How do we measure branch and foliage biomass? - correct answer-1) Count all
branches that emerge from trunk of tree and select a random sample from this total.
Remove all leaves, cut branches into even-sized sections and dry
2) Use regression analysis to estimate foliage and branch dry weight from branch
diameter and/or length
How do we calculate stem biomass? - correct answer-Determine sectional volume of
whole tree and convert volume to biomass based on wood density.
A
How can we benefit from using scanners in mensuration? - correct answer-1) Help save
time + money
2) Allow us to see more detail
3) Can measure area of items like roots, leaves, and seeds much easier
Why did we chooses our scanner from regent instruments? - correct answer-1) Leader
in scanning technology for tree scanning software
2) Canadian company and software is used worldwide
3) Scanners are simple office scanners that anyone can use
4) Software can be installed on any computer
Methods for evaluating tree cores? - correct answer-1) Use Windendro software and
scanner to make image much larger
2) Use a Vellmex uni-slide
3) Use your eyes or a regular microscope
What is mean annual increment? (MAI) - correct answer-Indicates how fast a stand or
tree is growing. Average annual growth of a tree or stand.
Methods of measuring crown cover? - correct answer-1) Use crown scanner known as
Winscanopy which measures area of forest canopy.
2) Use spherical crown densiometer which contains a mirrored grid and area within
gridded area used to calculate crown cover
How to measure tree root biomass? - correct answer-1) Can use biomass index + root
mass index
2) can also use Winrhizo software by Regent
Needle scanner? - correct answer-Known as Winseedle is used to scan small objects
such as individual seeds + tree needles
The cell scanner? - correct answer-Wood cells can be examined for structure to
approximate strength + integrity.
The foliage scanner? - correct answer-Used for large foliage and is known as Winfolia
3 Volume functions? - correct answer-1) Those that estimate volume of the entire stem
using measuremnets of DBH and total height
, 2) Variations where estimates of stem volume take into account stem taper
3) Volume functions which estimate part of the stem to estimate merchantable volume
What has big impact on stem taper? - correct answer-Wind + stand density
Where do you measure second diameter when using stem taper functions? - correct
answer-Height where diameter over bark is 2/3 the diameter of DBH
Merchantable stem volume functions? - correct answer--Useful for foresters when
attempting to determine possible wood products and volume
-Often based upon a minimum size diameter and is affected by wood defects
What's an empirical function? - correct answer-Those functions which have been
derived from trial and error.
What are 4 uses for taper functions? - correct answer-1) Predict overall tree shape
2) Determine max # of sawlogs and/or pulplogs from a single tree
3) Determine ideal heights to make cross cuts for sawlogs and/or pulplogs
4) To estimate heights and diameters at any point on tree
What is simple linear regression used for? - correct answer-Used to relate one
dependent variable to a single dependent variable.
3 reasons for measuring biomass? - correct answer-1) To understand how tree growth
occurs
2) Help us determine how much carbon is sequestered by forests
3) Some forest products are sold by weight (not volume)
What wood products are sold by weight not volume? - correct answer-1) Short rotation
forests used for bioenergy
2) Firewood
3) Wood used for paper making
How do we measure tree biomass? - correct answer-Involves felling, dissecting, drying,
then weighing tree components. Plants can be dried at 60-80 degrees C for several
days
How do we measure branch and foliage biomass? - correct answer-1) Count all
branches that emerge from trunk of tree and select a random sample from this total.
Remove all leaves, cut branches into even-sized sections and dry
2) Use regression analysis to estimate foliage and branch dry weight from branch
diameter and/or length
How do we calculate stem biomass? - correct answer-Determine sectional volume of
whole tree and convert volume to biomass based on wood density.
