NUR 334- PHARM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A
+ GRADED
What is the control center for the pituitary?
Hypothalamus
What are anterior pituitary drugs?
cosyntropin, somatropin, octreotide
What is used to diagnose adrenal insufficiency?
Cosyntropin
what mimics human GH to treat hypopituitary dwarfism?
Somatropin
What inhibits GH?
Octrotide
What are two posterior pituitary drugs?
Vasopressin
Desmopressin
What med performs physiologic functions of ADH?
Vasopressin
What is a synthetic vasopressin?
Desmopressin
What does GH help with?
Promotes growth & protein synthesis
Carb met
If you are deficient in GH as a child what happens?
Short stature & slow physical growth
If you are deficient in GH as an adult what happens?
Loss of muscle mass
If you are excess in GH as a child what happens?
Gigantism
If you are excess in GH as a adult what happens?
Increase in bone mass
How do you give Somatropin?
IM or Sub Q
What is the MOA of Somatropin?
Stimulate skeletal growth in patients
Who can you not give Somatropin?
Pregnant patients
Children who have closed growth plates
Pituitary tumors
What does vasoactive intestinal polypeptide cause?
Profuse, watery diarrhea
How can octreotide help with carcinoid tumors that secrete VIP?
Reduces severe diarrhea, flushing, & potentially life-threatening hypotension
What do you use octreotide for?
Acromegaly, carcinoid tumors, pituitary adenoma, & esophageal varices
,While you see hypo or hyperglycemia with the use of octreotide & why?
Hypo because it inhibits the release of glucagon
What are side effects of octreotide?
Renal impairment, gallbladder dysfunction
How can you give octreotide?
IV, IM, sub Q
What are the MOA of Desmopressin & vasopressin
Increase water resorption in the distal tubules & collecting ducts of the nephrons, & they
concentrate urine, reducing water excretion
What do we use for DI?
Desmopressin & vasopressin
What are signs of DI?
Polydipsia
Excretion of large volumes of dilute urine
What are adverse effects of Desmopressin & vasopressin?
Water intoxication
Excessive vasoconstriction
What is used in management of nocturnal enuresis?
Desmopressin
what is Desmopressin also used for?
Plasma levels of factor VIII, von willebrand factor, & tissue plasminogen activator
What are contraindications of vasopressin?
CAD & renal failure!!
What do we use for hypotensive emergencies & stop bleeding of esophageal
varices?
vasopressin
Which posters pituitary med can be a nasal spray?
Vasopressin
What should parents with children who receive GHs do?
Keep a journal reflecting the child's growth
What are secreted into the bloodstream & travel through the blood to their site of
action?
Hormones
What does the thyroid gland secrete?
T3(triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), calcitonin
What do the thyroid hormones effect?
Metabolism
Cardiac function
Growth
Development
What are symptoms of hypothyroidism?
thickened skin, hair loss, constipation, lethargy, anorexia, fatigue
What are symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
diarrhea, flushing, increased appetite, muscle weakness, fatigue, palpitations, irritability,
nervousness, sleep disorders, heat intolerance, altered menstrual flow
What is a synthetic T4 hormone?
, levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levothyroid)
What is a synthetic T3 hormone? Not tested
Liothyronine (Cytomel)
What is a synthetic thyroid hormone for T3 & T4 combined? Not tested
Liotrix (thyrolar)
What are contraindications for Hypothyrodisim meds?
Allergy, recent MI, adrenal insufficiency, & hyperthyroidism
What is cool about Levothyroxine?
Chemically pure 100% T4
Converts to T3
What is the half like of Levothyroxine?
7 days
When should you take Levothyroxine?
Morning at least 30-60mins before breakfast
What should you never do with Levothyroxine pills?
Cut in half
What is Levothyroxine dosed in?
Mcg
Can you continue Levothyroxine while pregnant?
Yes!
How often is TSH checked while pregnant?
Every 4 weeks
What are side effects of thyroid replacement drugs?
Cardiac dysrhythmia
Tachycardia, palpitations, angina, HTN, insomnia, tremors, HA, anxiety, nausea
What is treatment of hyperthyroidism?
radioactive iodine
Surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland (need life long therapy)
What are drugs to treat hyperthyroidism?
Methimazole
Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Why do we use anti thyroid meds?
Treat hyperthyroidism & prevent surge in thyroid hormones that occur after surgical
treatment or during radioactive iodine tx
What is the MOA of Methimazole & PTU?
Inhibits the incorporation of iodine molecules into the AA tyrosine, required to make the
precursors of T3 & T4
PTU also inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3 in the peripheral circulation
What is the main serious side effect of Methimazole & PTU?
Liver & bone marrow toxicity!!!!!!!
What is the first line drug for hyperthyroidism?
Methimazole
What damage does Methimazole not cause?
Liver
How long does it take for Methimazole to take effect?
+ GRADED
What is the control center for the pituitary?
Hypothalamus
What are anterior pituitary drugs?
cosyntropin, somatropin, octreotide
What is used to diagnose adrenal insufficiency?
Cosyntropin
what mimics human GH to treat hypopituitary dwarfism?
Somatropin
What inhibits GH?
Octrotide
What are two posterior pituitary drugs?
Vasopressin
Desmopressin
What med performs physiologic functions of ADH?
Vasopressin
What is a synthetic vasopressin?
Desmopressin
What does GH help with?
Promotes growth & protein synthesis
Carb met
If you are deficient in GH as a child what happens?
Short stature & slow physical growth
If you are deficient in GH as an adult what happens?
Loss of muscle mass
If you are excess in GH as a child what happens?
Gigantism
If you are excess in GH as a adult what happens?
Increase in bone mass
How do you give Somatropin?
IM or Sub Q
What is the MOA of Somatropin?
Stimulate skeletal growth in patients
Who can you not give Somatropin?
Pregnant patients
Children who have closed growth plates
Pituitary tumors
What does vasoactive intestinal polypeptide cause?
Profuse, watery diarrhea
How can octreotide help with carcinoid tumors that secrete VIP?
Reduces severe diarrhea, flushing, & potentially life-threatening hypotension
What do you use octreotide for?
Acromegaly, carcinoid tumors, pituitary adenoma, & esophageal varices
,While you see hypo or hyperglycemia with the use of octreotide & why?
Hypo because it inhibits the release of glucagon
What are side effects of octreotide?
Renal impairment, gallbladder dysfunction
How can you give octreotide?
IV, IM, sub Q
What are the MOA of Desmopressin & vasopressin
Increase water resorption in the distal tubules & collecting ducts of the nephrons, & they
concentrate urine, reducing water excretion
What do we use for DI?
Desmopressin & vasopressin
What are signs of DI?
Polydipsia
Excretion of large volumes of dilute urine
What are adverse effects of Desmopressin & vasopressin?
Water intoxication
Excessive vasoconstriction
What is used in management of nocturnal enuresis?
Desmopressin
what is Desmopressin also used for?
Plasma levels of factor VIII, von willebrand factor, & tissue plasminogen activator
What are contraindications of vasopressin?
CAD & renal failure!!
What do we use for hypotensive emergencies & stop bleeding of esophageal
varices?
vasopressin
Which posters pituitary med can be a nasal spray?
Vasopressin
What should parents with children who receive GHs do?
Keep a journal reflecting the child's growth
What are secreted into the bloodstream & travel through the blood to their site of
action?
Hormones
What does the thyroid gland secrete?
T3(triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), calcitonin
What do the thyroid hormones effect?
Metabolism
Cardiac function
Growth
Development
What are symptoms of hypothyroidism?
thickened skin, hair loss, constipation, lethargy, anorexia, fatigue
What are symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
diarrhea, flushing, increased appetite, muscle weakness, fatigue, palpitations, irritability,
nervousness, sleep disorders, heat intolerance, altered menstrual flow
What is a synthetic T4 hormone?
, levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levothyroid)
What is a synthetic T3 hormone? Not tested
Liothyronine (Cytomel)
What is a synthetic thyroid hormone for T3 & T4 combined? Not tested
Liotrix (thyrolar)
What are contraindications for Hypothyrodisim meds?
Allergy, recent MI, adrenal insufficiency, & hyperthyroidism
What is cool about Levothyroxine?
Chemically pure 100% T4
Converts to T3
What is the half like of Levothyroxine?
7 days
When should you take Levothyroxine?
Morning at least 30-60mins before breakfast
What should you never do with Levothyroxine pills?
Cut in half
What is Levothyroxine dosed in?
Mcg
Can you continue Levothyroxine while pregnant?
Yes!
How often is TSH checked while pregnant?
Every 4 weeks
What are side effects of thyroid replacement drugs?
Cardiac dysrhythmia
Tachycardia, palpitations, angina, HTN, insomnia, tremors, HA, anxiety, nausea
What is treatment of hyperthyroidism?
radioactive iodine
Surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland (need life long therapy)
What are drugs to treat hyperthyroidism?
Methimazole
Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Why do we use anti thyroid meds?
Treat hyperthyroidism & prevent surge in thyroid hormones that occur after surgical
treatment or during radioactive iodine tx
What is the MOA of Methimazole & PTU?
Inhibits the incorporation of iodine molecules into the AA tyrosine, required to make the
precursors of T3 & T4
PTU also inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3 in the peripheral circulation
What is the main serious side effect of Methimazole & PTU?
Liver & bone marrow toxicity!!!!!!!
What is the first line drug for hyperthyroidism?
Methimazole
What damage does Methimazole not cause?
Liver
How long does it take for Methimazole to take effect?
