GRADED
Why is it essential to learn from nursing history?
To advance the profession
Why is it essential to have knowledge from nursing history?
To encourage critical thinking and shed light on the professions complexity and diversity
Why is it essential to understand nursing history?
Contributes to the development of professional identity, and promotes professional
understanding
Early Nursing
When was nursing first used as an effective defence? Who delivered this nursing
care?
When the new colony of Canada was devastated by epidemics and infectious disease
Lay women, indigenous healers, and midwives delivered this care
How did the indigenous population contribute to early nursing care?
Health care knowledge and herbal remedies
What were the grey nuns? What did they do? Where were they located?
Catholic nursing sisters. They visited sick people at their homes during epidemics and
were established in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories.
Who was the founder of modern nursing? What was she credited with?
Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing. She was credited with
introducing sanitary science as she introduced hand hygiene whilst caring for wounded
soldiers.
What did Florence Nightingale do in the mid to late 1800s?
She was responsible for leading many social/political changes in health care
What were "Hospital Schools" ?
Students were offered accommodation and education in exchange for nursing care,
however this education was questionable
What are "Diploma Schools" ?
They operated under the Nightingale System. Had admission standards of good
character, plain english education, and christian motives. Nurses learned sciences and
observed patients to report faithfully to doctors
Describe the 1932 Weir Report
-A survey of nursing education in Canada
-Results stated insufficient classroom instruction and lack of variety in clinical
experience
Describe the 1965 Royal Commission on Health Services
Instrumental in transition away from hospital training schools
What was the first practices of community-based nursing?
, The 1917-1918 influenza epidemic
Tuberculosis
Venereal diseases
Describe the early Canadian Armed Forces Nursing
Lieutenants (Nursing sisters)
1950s, NATO forces in Europe
1950-1953 Korean War
Where are Canadian Armed Force nurses placed now?
Peace-keeping and conflict zones
What was Florence Nightingales vision of nursing?
Florence saw nursing as respectable work for white, middle-class women seeking an
alternative lifestyle to a conventional woman
How has Nightingales vision of nursing affected nursing as a whole?
Caused nursing to be structured by gender, segregated by race, and determined by
class
Early History of Nursing: Describe Hospital Based Nursing
In the 1930s during the economic depression (nursing shortage)
Increased use of medical technologies was developing
Where was the first Masters of Nursing program established?
At the University of Western Ontario in 1959
When did the transition from hospital schools of nursing to two year diploma
programs happen?
1960s
When did the Alberta Task Force on Nursing Education reccommend that all new
graduates be prepared at a baccalaureate level?
1975
When was the first doctoral program for nursing established?
At the University of Alberta in 1991
What was the creation of university programs for nursing influenced by?
Consequences of WW1 and influenza pandemic of 1918
When was the first undergrad program established for nursing?
At the University of British Columbia in 1919
What is the purpose of viewing nursing through an equity, diversity, inclusion
and accessibility lens?
Bringing awareness of need for gender balance and social diversity in nursing
When did the Registered Nurses of Canadian Indian Ancestry (RNCIA) (now
Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association) (CINA) come together?
1970s
What did the founding members of the Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association
advocate for?
They advocated for indigenous control over indigenous health services
What was the primary aim of the Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association?
To improve the health of indigenous communities and expand participation of
indigenous nurses in provision of indigenous health services
What were the Black Cross Nurses denied of? When did this denial turn around
and why?