Exam 1 & Exam 2: NURS 660/ NURS660 (Latest 2024/
2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH
SOLUTIONS) Psychopharmacology and Advanced
Mental Health | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A
(Verified Answers)- Maryville
pharmacology - ANSWERthe study of the action of drugs on living organisms
neuropharmacology - ANSWERdrug induced changes in functioning of nerve cells
psychopharmacology - ANSWERdrug induced changes in behavioral responding
neuropsychopharmacology - ANSWERdrug induced changes in the function of select
neurons that influence specific behaviors
drug action - ANSWERmolecular changes within cells produced by the drug binding
to a particular target site or receptor on those cells
drug effects - ANSWERmolecular changes within or between cells that lead to
alterations in the physiological or psychological function
(the changes that occur)
therapeutic effects - ANSWERdrug/receptor interactions that produce the DESIRED
physiologic and or behavioral effect
side effects - ANSWERall other drug effects varying from annoying to dangerous
specific drug effects - ANSWERdue to physical/biochemical interaction of the drug
with a target
non-specific effect - ANSWERnot based on drug target interactions - due to
characteristics of individual
-influenced by experience, mood, expectations, attitude
-may be due to varied neurochemical state of individual at time of exposure
-unique to a persons physiology and can alter how affective a drug is
pharmacokinetic factors determine drug action - ANSWERchemical structure, dose,
bioavailability, stomach acidity, antacids, food load
enteric coated formulations - ANSWERused for drugs activated by low pH
buffered formulations - ANSWERused for drugs that increase stomach acidity
, absorption - ANSWERmovement of drug from site of administration to the blood
circulation
influence by route of administration and drug liberation factors
PO - oral administration - ANSWERmost popular, safe, economical, comfortable
must dissolve in stomach and pass through stomach wall to reach blood capillaries
PO absorption is influenced by - ANSWERamount and type of food. (large amounts or
fatty foods slow drug movement)
First pass effect - ANSWERPO drugs absorbed into blood stream go directly to liver
where metabolism reduces amount of drug available to general circulation
IV - intravenous administration - ANSWERmost rapid and accurate method -
circumvents stomach and first pass effect
produces quick onset of drug effect
problems with IV - ANSWER1. quick onset = reaches brain instantly, little room for
correction.
2. sterility of injection equipment/lack thereof
3. dissolving of illicit drugs in fillers that are hazardous
IM - intramuscular administration - ANSWERslow and even delivery of drug -
absorption usually 10-30 minutes post injection
non aqueous additives provide slow sustained release action
often painful
SC - subcutaneous Administration - ANSWERabsorption dependent upon blood
supply to site
often slow and steady method
oils slow delivery
Gaseous Administration - ANSWERrapid absorption due to large surface area of
pulmonary capillary system - resulting in rapid effect
quick onset of drug effect means drug reaches brain almost instantly
Topical administration - ANSWERdirect application to mucosal membranes
rapid absorptions into mucosal capillary system results in rapid drug effects
transdermal application - ANSWERslow absorption due to the skin (effective barrier
against diffusion)
patches use lipophilic substances that penetrate skin. controlled and sustained
liberation - ANSWERdurg release into biological system from an administered form
excipients - ANSWERchemicals added to drugs to allow drugs to exist in different
forms
2025 Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH
SOLUTIONS) Psychopharmacology and Advanced
Mental Health | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A
(Verified Answers)- Maryville
pharmacology - ANSWERthe study of the action of drugs on living organisms
neuropharmacology - ANSWERdrug induced changes in functioning of nerve cells
psychopharmacology - ANSWERdrug induced changes in behavioral responding
neuropsychopharmacology - ANSWERdrug induced changes in the function of select
neurons that influence specific behaviors
drug action - ANSWERmolecular changes within cells produced by the drug binding
to a particular target site or receptor on those cells
drug effects - ANSWERmolecular changes within or between cells that lead to
alterations in the physiological or psychological function
(the changes that occur)
therapeutic effects - ANSWERdrug/receptor interactions that produce the DESIRED
physiologic and or behavioral effect
side effects - ANSWERall other drug effects varying from annoying to dangerous
specific drug effects - ANSWERdue to physical/biochemical interaction of the drug
with a target
non-specific effect - ANSWERnot based on drug target interactions - due to
characteristics of individual
-influenced by experience, mood, expectations, attitude
-may be due to varied neurochemical state of individual at time of exposure
-unique to a persons physiology and can alter how affective a drug is
pharmacokinetic factors determine drug action - ANSWERchemical structure, dose,
bioavailability, stomach acidity, antacids, food load
enteric coated formulations - ANSWERused for drugs activated by low pH
buffered formulations - ANSWERused for drugs that increase stomach acidity
, absorption - ANSWERmovement of drug from site of administration to the blood
circulation
influence by route of administration and drug liberation factors
PO - oral administration - ANSWERmost popular, safe, economical, comfortable
must dissolve in stomach and pass through stomach wall to reach blood capillaries
PO absorption is influenced by - ANSWERamount and type of food. (large amounts or
fatty foods slow drug movement)
First pass effect - ANSWERPO drugs absorbed into blood stream go directly to liver
where metabolism reduces amount of drug available to general circulation
IV - intravenous administration - ANSWERmost rapid and accurate method -
circumvents stomach and first pass effect
produces quick onset of drug effect
problems with IV - ANSWER1. quick onset = reaches brain instantly, little room for
correction.
2. sterility of injection equipment/lack thereof
3. dissolving of illicit drugs in fillers that are hazardous
IM - intramuscular administration - ANSWERslow and even delivery of drug -
absorption usually 10-30 minutes post injection
non aqueous additives provide slow sustained release action
often painful
SC - subcutaneous Administration - ANSWERabsorption dependent upon blood
supply to site
often slow and steady method
oils slow delivery
Gaseous Administration - ANSWERrapid absorption due to large surface area of
pulmonary capillary system - resulting in rapid effect
quick onset of drug effect means drug reaches brain almost instantly
Topical administration - ANSWERdirect application to mucosal membranes
rapid absorptions into mucosal capillary system results in rapid drug effects
transdermal application - ANSWERslow absorption due to the skin (effective barrier
against diffusion)
patches use lipophilic substances that penetrate skin. controlled and sustained
liberation - ANSWERdurg release into biological system from an administered form
excipients - ANSWERchemicals added to drugs to allow drugs to exist in different
forms
