Final Exams: BSC2085/ BSC 2085 (Latest 2024/ 2025
Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS)
Anatomy and Physiology I | Qs & As| 100% Correct|
Grade A (Verified Answers)
Reflexes - ANSWERquick, involuntary, stereotyped reactions of glands or muscle to
stimulation, controlled by spinal cord with no brain involvement
Reflexes require stimulation, they are... - ANSWERnot spontaneous actions, but
responses to sensory input
Reflexes are quick... - ANSWERinvolve few, if any, interneurons and minimum
synaptic delay
Reflexes are involuntary... - ANSWERoccur without intent and are difficult to
suppress
Reflexes are stereotyped... - ANSWERoccur essentially the same way every time
Somatic reflexes - ANSWERreflexes involving the somatic nervous system,
innervating skeletal muscle
Visceral reflexes - ANSWERreflexes involving organs such as heart and intestines
Negative feedback of reflexes - ANSWERgenerally oppose original stimulus
Somatic reflex arc - ANSWERsomatic receptors, afferent nerve fibers, integrating
center, efferent nerve fibers, effectors
Four classifications of reflexes - ANSWERdevelopment, type of motor response,
complexity of neural circuit, site of information processing
Innate reflexes - ANSWERformed before birth, basic neural reflexes (chewing,
suckling, withdrawal from pain)
Acquired reflexes - ANSWERlearned motor patterns, rapid automatic (riding a bike,
pressing on brakes)
Somatic reflexes - ANSWERinvoluntary control of nervous system (corneal reflex, gag
reflex, knee-jerk)
Monosynaptic reflex - ANSWERsensory neuron synapses directly onto motor neuron
Polysnaptic reflex - ANSWERat least one interneuron between sensory neuron and
motor neuron
, Spinal reflexes - ANSWERprocessing occurs in spinal cord
Cranial reflexes - ANSWERprocessing occurs in brain
Intersegmental reflex arcs - ANSWERmany spinal segments interact, producing highly
variable motor response
Synaptic delay - ANSWERthe more synapses, the slower the reaction
Monosynaptic reflex arcs - ANSWERone synapse between the afferent and efferent
neurons, little synaptic delay
Reciprocal inhibition - ANSWERreflex phenomenon that prevents muscles from
working against each other by inhibiting antagonist when agonist is excited
Stretch (myotatic) reflex - ANSWERwhen a muscle is stretched, it fights back and
contracts
Stretch reflex helps to... - ANSWERmaintain equilibrium and posture, head starts to
tip forward as you fall asleep so muscles contract to raise head, stabilize joints by
balancing tension in extensors and flexors
Muscle spindles - ANSWERstretch receptors embedded in skeletal muscles
Muscle spindles serve as proprioceptors - ANSWERspecialized sense organs to
monitor position and movement of body parts
Muscle spindles enable brain to send motor commands back to muscles that
control... - ANSWERcoordinated movement, corrective reflexes, muscle tone, and
posture
Intrafusal fibers - ANSWERmodified muscle fibers within the spindle
Extrafusal fibers - ANSWERrest of muscle's fibers generating force for movement
Gamma motor neuron located in anterior gray horn - ANSWERinnervates the ends of
an intrafusal fiber and keeps it taut, allows CNS to adjust sensitivity of the muscle
spindle, allows voluntary contraction to NOT trigger the reflex
Alpha motor neurons - ANSWERsupply extrafusal muscle fibers
Midportion of intrafusal fiber contains... - ANSWERsensory nerve fibers
Example of spindle function - ANSWERhelp you to keep upright on a boat, postural
reflex
Updates STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS)
Anatomy and Physiology I | Qs & As| 100% Correct|
Grade A (Verified Answers)
Reflexes - ANSWERquick, involuntary, stereotyped reactions of glands or muscle to
stimulation, controlled by spinal cord with no brain involvement
Reflexes require stimulation, they are... - ANSWERnot spontaneous actions, but
responses to sensory input
Reflexes are quick... - ANSWERinvolve few, if any, interneurons and minimum
synaptic delay
Reflexes are involuntary... - ANSWERoccur without intent and are difficult to
suppress
Reflexes are stereotyped... - ANSWERoccur essentially the same way every time
Somatic reflexes - ANSWERreflexes involving the somatic nervous system,
innervating skeletal muscle
Visceral reflexes - ANSWERreflexes involving organs such as heart and intestines
Negative feedback of reflexes - ANSWERgenerally oppose original stimulus
Somatic reflex arc - ANSWERsomatic receptors, afferent nerve fibers, integrating
center, efferent nerve fibers, effectors
Four classifications of reflexes - ANSWERdevelopment, type of motor response,
complexity of neural circuit, site of information processing
Innate reflexes - ANSWERformed before birth, basic neural reflexes (chewing,
suckling, withdrawal from pain)
Acquired reflexes - ANSWERlearned motor patterns, rapid automatic (riding a bike,
pressing on brakes)
Somatic reflexes - ANSWERinvoluntary control of nervous system (corneal reflex, gag
reflex, knee-jerk)
Monosynaptic reflex - ANSWERsensory neuron synapses directly onto motor neuron
Polysnaptic reflex - ANSWERat least one interneuron between sensory neuron and
motor neuron
, Spinal reflexes - ANSWERprocessing occurs in spinal cord
Cranial reflexes - ANSWERprocessing occurs in brain
Intersegmental reflex arcs - ANSWERmany spinal segments interact, producing highly
variable motor response
Synaptic delay - ANSWERthe more synapses, the slower the reaction
Monosynaptic reflex arcs - ANSWERone synapse between the afferent and efferent
neurons, little synaptic delay
Reciprocal inhibition - ANSWERreflex phenomenon that prevents muscles from
working against each other by inhibiting antagonist when agonist is excited
Stretch (myotatic) reflex - ANSWERwhen a muscle is stretched, it fights back and
contracts
Stretch reflex helps to... - ANSWERmaintain equilibrium and posture, head starts to
tip forward as you fall asleep so muscles contract to raise head, stabilize joints by
balancing tension in extensors and flexors
Muscle spindles - ANSWERstretch receptors embedded in skeletal muscles
Muscle spindles serve as proprioceptors - ANSWERspecialized sense organs to
monitor position and movement of body parts
Muscle spindles enable brain to send motor commands back to muscles that
control... - ANSWERcoordinated movement, corrective reflexes, muscle tone, and
posture
Intrafusal fibers - ANSWERmodified muscle fibers within the spindle
Extrafusal fibers - ANSWERrest of muscle's fibers generating force for movement
Gamma motor neuron located in anterior gray horn - ANSWERinnervates the ends of
an intrafusal fiber and keeps it taut, allows CNS to adjust sensitivity of the muscle
spindle, allows voluntary contraction to NOT trigger the reflex
Alpha motor neurons - ANSWERsupply extrafusal muscle fibers
Midportion of intrafusal fiber contains... - ANSWERsensory nerve fibers
Example of spindle function - ANSWERhelp you to keep upright on a boat, postural
reflex
