HOSA Behavioral Health (Latest 2024/ 2025 Updates
STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS) Qs & As|
Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Answers)
Sensory receptors - ANSWERsensory nerve ending that responds to a stimulus in the
internal or external environment of an organism
Neuron - ANSWERa specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell
Sensory neurons - ANSWERa neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or
spinal cord
Motor neurons - ANSWERa nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which
impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland
Interneurons - ANSWERa neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons,
especially as part of a reflex arc
Synapse - ANSWERa junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap
across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
Dendrite (receive) - ANSWERa short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which
impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
Axon (relay) - ANSWERthe long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses
are conducted from the cell body to other cells
Myelin sheath - ANSWERa fatty white substance that surrounds the axon of some
nerve cells, forming an electrically insulating layer
Action potential - ANSWERa neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels
down an axon. The action potential is generated by the movement of positively
charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane.
Threshold - ANSWERThe level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
Neurotransmitter - ANSWERa chemical substance that is released at the end of a
nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or
junction, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or
some other structure.
Endorphins - ANSWERa natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control
and to pleasure.
Dopamine - ANSWERa neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and
learning and the brain's pleasure and reward system
, Seratonin - ANSWERa neurotransmitter that regulates mood, appetite, sleep, muscle
contraction, and some cognitive functions including memory and learning. Lack of
this can cause depression.
Acetylcholine - ANSWERa neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and
also triggers muscle contraction
Norepinephrine - ANSWERa hormone that is released by the adrenal medulla and by
the sympathetic nerves and functions as a neurotransmitter. It is also used as a drug
to raise blood pressure
Gamma-amino Butyric acid (GABA) - ANSWERis an amino acid which acts as a
neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It inhibits nerve transmission in the
brain, calming nervous activity
Glutamate - ANSWERmajor excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory. An
excess can cause migraines or seizures
Reuptake - ANSWERa neurotransmitter's re-absorption of the sending neuron
Agonist molecules - ANSWERa molecule from outside the body that is similar enough
to a neurotransmitter to mimic its effects, like in certain opiate drugs
Antagonist molecules - ANSWERa molecule from outside the body that blocks a
neurotransmitter's function
Nerves - ANSWERBundled axons that form neural "cables" connecting the central
nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs.
Nervous system - ANSWERthe body's electrochemical communication network that
consists of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANSWERthe complex of nerve tissues that controls
the activities of the body. In vertebrates, it comprises the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWERthe sensory and motor neurons that
connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
Somatic Nervous System - ANSWERa subdivision of the PNS that controls the body's
skeletal muscles.
Automatic Nervous System - ANSWERthe part of the nervous system responsible for
control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the
heartbeat, and digestive processes
STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS) Qs & As|
Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Answers)
Sensory receptors - ANSWERsensory nerve ending that responds to a stimulus in the
internal or external environment of an organism
Neuron - ANSWERa specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell
Sensory neurons - ANSWERa neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or
spinal cord
Motor neurons - ANSWERa nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which
impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland
Interneurons - ANSWERa neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons,
especially as part of a reflex arc
Synapse - ANSWERa junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap
across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
Dendrite (receive) - ANSWERa short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which
impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
Axon (relay) - ANSWERthe long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses
are conducted from the cell body to other cells
Myelin sheath - ANSWERa fatty white substance that surrounds the axon of some
nerve cells, forming an electrically insulating layer
Action potential - ANSWERa neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels
down an axon. The action potential is generated by the movement of positively
charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane.
Threshold - ANSWERThe level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
Neurotransmitter - ANSWERa chemical substance that is released at the end of a
nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or
junction, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or
some other structure.
Endorphins - ANSWERa natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control
and to pleasure.
Dopamine - ANSWERa neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and
learning and the brain's pleasure and reward system
, Seratonin - ANSWERa neurotransmitter that regulates mood, appetite, sleep, muscle
contraction, and some cognitive functions including memory and learning. Lack of
this can cause depression.
Acetylcholine - ANSWERa neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and
also triggers muscle contraction
Norepinephrine - ANSWERa hormone that is released by the adrenal medulla and by
the sympathetic nerves and functions as a neurotransmitter. It is also used as a drug
to raise blood pressure
Gamma-amino Butyric acid (GABA) - ANSWERis an amino acid which acts as a
neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It inhibits nerve transmission in the
brain, calming nervous activity
Glutamate - ANSWERmajor excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory. An
excess can cause migraines or seizures
Reuptake - ANSWERa neurotransmitter's re-absorption of the sending neuron
Agonist molecules - ANSWERa molecule from outside the body that is similar enough
to a neurotransmitter to mimic its effects, like in certain opiate drugs
Antagonist molecules - ANSWERa molecule from outside the body that blocks a
neurotransmitter's function
Nerves - ANSWERBundled axons that form neural "cables" connecting the central
nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs.
Nervous system - ANSWERthe body's electrochemical communication network that
consists of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ANSWERthe complex of nerve tissues that controls
the activities of the body. In vertebrates, it comprises the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWERthe sensory and motor neurons that
connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
Somatic Nervous System - ANSWERa subdivision of the PNS that controls the body's
skeletal muscles.
Automatic Nervous System - ANSWERthe part of the nervous system responsible for
control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the
heartbeat, and digestive processes
