QUESTIONS
1.What parts does the questioning of the patient consist of? What are the main parts of
the medical history?
1. Passport
2. Complaints
3. Anamnesis morbi (history of present disease)
4. Anamnesis vitae (life history: past medical history in infancy, childhood and adult)
5. Allergic history
6. Epidemiology
7. Status present
7.1 Bp,Hr,Rr,T,Spo2
7.2 Condition of patient (satisfactory, good, bad/hard)
7.3 Consciousness (Clear,Unclear)
7.4 Position
7.5 Respiratory system
Urinary syestem
Nervous system
Blood circulation
Skin & mucous membrane
8. Approximate diagnosis
9. Labortary & instrumental diagnosis
10. Diffrential diagnosis
11. Accurate diagnosis
12. Treatment
13. Primary prevention - vaccination
Secondary prevention - strategies that aims to detect a disease or illness prior to its
onset.
2. The main complaints of patients with diseases of the respiratory system (cough).
1. A runny or stuffy nose.
2. A feeling of liquid running down the back of your throat (postnasal drip)
,3. Frequent throat clearing and sore throat.
4. Hoarseness.
5. Wheezing and shortness of breath.
6. Heartburn or a sour taste in your mouth.
7. In rare cases, coughing up blood.
3. Rules of comparative percussion of the lungs. Percussion sound in normal and
pathological conditions.
Comparative percussion of the lungs is a technique used to assess the presence of abnormal
sounds or changes in the density of lung tissue. The following are the rules of comparative
percussion:
1. Percuss both sides of the chest wall at corresponding levels to compare the resonance of
the sound.
2. Use the middle finger of one hand to tap the chest wall firmly while the other hand
supports the patient's back.
3. Compare the percussion sound on each side of the chest. A resonant sound indicates
normal lung tissue, while a dull or flat sound may indicate consolidation or fluid in the lungs.
4. Pay attention to any changes in the percussion sound as you move from one area of the
lung to another.
In normal conditions, the percussion sound over the lung fields should be resonant and
clear. However, in pathological conditions such as pneumonia, pleural effusion, or lung
tumors, the percussion sound may be dull or flat due to changes in lung tissue density or the
presence of fluid.
In pneumonia, for example, there may be areas of consolidation where the lung tissue
becomes denser and less air-filled, resulting in a dull percussion sound. In pleural effusion,
there may be an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space surrounding the lungs, causing a
flat percussion sound.
, Overall, comparative percussion is a useful tool for assessing lung function and identifying
potential abnormalities in lung tissue. It is often used in conjunction with other diagnostic
tests, such as auscultation and imaging studies, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of
respiratory health.
4. Promotion of healthy lifestyles. Body mass index. Constitution and physique
Measure and Watch Your Weight. ...
Limit Unhealthy Foods and Eat Healthy Meals. ...
Take Multivitamin Supplements. ...
Drink Water Stay Hydrated, and Limit Sugared Beverages. ...
Exercise Regularly and Be Physically Active. ...
Reduce Sitting and Screen Time. ...
Get Enough Good Sleep. ...
Go Easy on Alcohol and Stay Sober.
Body mass index:
Body mass index is a value derived from the mass and height of a person. The BMI is defined
as the body mass divided by the square of the body height and is expressed in units of
kg/m², resulting from mass in kilograms and height in meters.
Physique is the physical shape of your body. So a strong physique is to have a
muscular/powerful body. A strong constitution is to have a strong resistance to illness and
disease.
6.Etiology , clinical signs of acute bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is usually caused by airway inflammation from viral infections, such as the
cold, influenza (flu), respiratory syncytial virus RSV, or COVID-19 viruses. Occasionally, a
bacterial infection can cause acute bronchitis.
Coughing with or without mucus.
Soreness in the chest.
Feeling tired (fatigue)
Mild headache.
Mild body aches.
Sore throat.
1.What parts does the questioning of the patient consist of? What are the main parts of
the medical history?
1. Passport
2. Complaints
3. Anamnesis morbi (history of present disease)
4. Anamnesis vitae (life history: past medical history in infancy, childhood and adult)
5. Allergic history
6. Epidemiology
7. Status present
7.1 Bp,Hr,Rr,T,Spo2
7.2 Condition of patient (satisfactory, good, bad/hard)
7.3 Consciousness (Clear,Unclear)
7.4 Position
7.5 Respiratory system
Urinary syestem
Nervous system
Blood circulation
Skin & mucous membrane
8. Approximate diagnosis
9. Labortary & instrumental diagnosis
10. Diffrential diagnosis
11. Accurate diagnosis
12. Treatment
13. Primary prevention - vaccination
Secondary prevention - strategies that aims to detect a disease or illness prior to its
onset.
2. The main complaints of patients with diseases of the respiratory system (cough).
1. A runny or stuffy nose.
2. A feeling of liquid running down the back of your throat (postnasal drip)
,3. Frequent throat clearing and sore throat.
4. Hoarseness.
5. Wheezing and shortness of breath.
6. Heartburn or a sour taste in your mouth.
7. In rare cases, coughing up blood.
3. Rules of comparative percussion of the lungs. Percussion sound in normal and
pathological conditions.
Comparative percussion of the lungs is a technique used to assess the presence of abnormal
sounds or changes in the density of lung tissue. The following are the rules of comparative
percussion:
1. Percuss both sides of the chest wall at corresponding levels to compare the resonance of
the sound.
2. Use the middle finger of one hand to tap the chest wall firmly while the other hand
supports the patient's back.
3. Compare the percussion sound on each side of the chest. A resonant sound indicates
normal lung tissue, while a dull or flat sound may indicate consolidation or fluid in the lungs.
4. Pay attention to any changes in the percussion sound as you move from one area of the
lung to another.
In normal conditions, the percussion sound over the lung fields should be resonant and
clear. However, in pathological conditions such as pneumonia, pleural effusion, or lung
tumors, the percussion sound may be dull or flat due to changes in lung tissue density or the
presence of fluid.
In pneumonia, for example, there may be areas of consolidation where the lung tissue
becomes denser and less air-filled, resulting in a dull percussion sound. In pleural effusion,
there may be an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space surrounding the lungs, causing a
flat percussion sound.
, Overall, comparative percussion is a useful tool for assessing lung function and identifying
potential abnormalities in lung tissue. It is often used in conjunction with other diagnostic
tests, such as auscultation and imaging studies, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of
respiratory health.
4. Promotion of healthy lifestyles. Body mass index. Constitution and physique
Measure and Watch Your Weight. ...
Limit Unhealthy Foods and Eat Healthy Meals. ...
Take Multivitamin Supplements. ...
Drink Water Stay Hydrated, and Limit Sugared Beverages. ...
Exercise Regularly and Be Physically Active. ...
Reduce Sitting and Screen Time. ...
Get Enough Good Sleep. ...
Go Easy on Alcohol and Stay Sober.
Body mass index:
Body mass index is a value derived from the mass and height of a person. The BMI is defined
as the body mass divided by the square of the body height and is expressed in units of
kg/m², resulting from mass in kilograms and height in meters.
Physique is the physical shape of your body. So a strong physique is to have a
muscular/powerful body. A strong constitution is to have a strong resistance to illness and
disease.
6.Etiology , clinical signs of acute bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is usually caused by airway inflammation from viral infections, such as the
cold, influenza (flu), respiratory syncytial virus RSV, or COVID-19 viruses. Occasionally, a
bacterial infection can cause acute bronchitis.
Coughing with or without mucus.
Soreness in the chest.
Feeling tired (fatigue)
Mild headache.
Mild body aches.
Sore throat.
