LATEST ATI RN ADULT MEDICAL-SURGICAL (MED-
SURG) WITH Q&A 2024/25
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peripheral IV therapy. The nurse notes
that the IV site is red, warm, and painful to the touch. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take? - CORRECT ANSWER Discontinue the IV and apply a warm
almost, compress to the site.
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis. Which the following actions
should the nurse take to promote venous return? - CORRECT ANSWER Maintain the
use of compression stockings except when bathing the client.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client who has new prescription for a
combined oral contraception. Which of the following findings is a risk factor for the
development of thromboembolism? - CORRECT ANSWER Cigarette smoking
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic renal failure and is
prescribed exporting alfa. Which of the following information should the nurse include in
the teaching? - CORRECT ANSWER "Epoetin alfa can reduce your need for a blood
transfusion."
A nurse is preparing to assist with a client who is scheduled for a bronchoscopy. Which
of the following action should the nurse take? - CORRECT ANSWER Administer
supplemental oxygen
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who had a stroke and is
experiencing dysphasia. Which of the following intervention should the nurse include in
the plan? - CORRECT ANSWER Keep the client's glasses of liquid at least two-thirds
full.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect? - CORRECT ANSWER Fruity breath
odor.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and a prescription for
Lisinopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? -
CORRECT ANSWER Report a persistent, dry cough
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about foot care with a client who has a new diagnosis of
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the instructions? - CORRECT ANSWER "I'll prop my feet up while I'm
watching television."
,A nurse is reinforcing teaching about reducing sodium intake with a client who has
hypertension. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods has
the highest amount of sodium? - CORRECT ANSWER Deli sliced turkey
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for
triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of the
following adverse effects? - CORRECT ANSWER Thinning of the skin.
Thinning of the skin and delayed healing are adverse effects of topical glucocorticoid
preparations. The client should only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin
because topical steroids can cause atrophy of the dermis and epidermis, which can
result in thinning of the skinny.
Topical Glucocorticoids Side effects - CORRECT ANSWER Triamcinolone
- Hypopigmentation
- Excessive hair growth (hypertrichosis)
- Thinning of the skin
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart failure? -
CORRECT ANSWER Frothy sputum
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be
life-threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
*The nurse should identify that frothy sputum, dyspnea, and wheezing are
manifestations of left-sided heart failure. Treatment includes fluid restriction and
diuretics to decrease preload and reduce pulmonary congestion. Pink-tinged frothy
sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be life-threatening.
Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
Left Sided Heart Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Frothy sputum
- Dyspnea
- Wheezing
Treatment:
Fluid restriction & diuretics to decrease preload & pulmonary congestion
Right heart sided failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Dependent edam
- Jugular distention
- Weight gain
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and
tingling of the lips and fingers.
The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 me/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is
experiencing? - CORRECT ANSWER Respiratory alkalosis
, - The pH is alkaline
- PCO2 is low representing alveolar hyperventilation & respiratory alkalosis
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect? - CORRECT ANSWER Osteoporosis
Bone become thinner as a result of mineral loss & nitrogen depletion.
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse
should identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? -
CORRECT ANSWER A pearly, waxy nodule.
- Basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well-defined borders & pearly or waxy
appearance from overexposure to the sun.
Melanoma - CORRECT ANSWER Irregular border and variegated colored lesions of
red, white, blue.
- Most often on the upper back or lower legs
Squamous cell carcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER Firm, nodular, and crusty lesion with
an ulcerated center from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or irradiation to the
skin.
weeping vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER Herpes Zoster
- Weeping, blister type lesions.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed
diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 me/L. Which of the following laboratory findings
should the nurse expect? - CORRECT ANSWER LOW URINE SPECFIC GRAVITY.
*A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine specific
gravity. The increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate matter, which
affects the specific gravity.
Hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER - Low specific gravity
- Elevated hemoglobin
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member who
has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -
CORRECT ANSWER Remove clutter from rooms and hallways
- This allows the client is able to walk without the risk of falling or tripping over objects.
Later in the disease, the client can experience seizures, so cluttered areas could be a
risk to the client
SURG) WITH Q&A 2024/25
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peripheral IV therapy. The nurse notes
that the IV site is red, warm, and painful to the touch. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take? - CORRECT ANSWER Discontinue the IV and apply a warm
almost, compress to the site.
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis. Which the following actions
should the nurse take to promote venous return? - CORRECT ANSWER Maintain the
use of compression stockings except when bathing the client.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client who has new prescription for a
combined oral contraception. Which of the following findings is a risk factor for the
development of thromboembolism? - CORRECT ANSWER Cigarette smoking
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic renal failure and is
prescribed exporting alfa. Which of the following information should the nurse include in
the teaching? - CORRECT ANSWER "Epoetin alfa can reduce your need for a blood
transfusion."
A nurse is preparing to assist with a client who is scheduled for a bronchoscopy. Which
of the following action should the nurse take? - CORRECT ANSWER Administer
supplemental oxygen
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who had a stroke and is
experiencing dysphasia. Which of the following intervention should the nurse include in
the plan? - CORRECT ANSWER Keep the client's glasses of liquid at least two-thirds
full.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect? - CORRECT ANSWER Fruity breath
odor.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and a prescription for
Lisinopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? -
CORRECT ANSWER Report a persistent, dry cough
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about foot care with a client who has a new diagnosis of
diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the instructions? - CORRECT ANSWER "I'll prop my feet up while I'm
watching television."
,A nurse is reinforcing teaching about reducing sodium intake with a client who has
hypertension. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods has
the highest amount of sodium? - CORRECT ANSWER Deli sliced turkey
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for
triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of the
following adverse effects? - CORRECT ANSWER Thinning of the skin.
Thinning of the skin and delayed healing are adverse effects of topical glucocorticoid
preparations. The client should only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin
because topical steroids can cause atrophy of the dermis and epidermis, which can
result in thinning of the skinny.
Topical Glucocorticoids Side effects - CORRECT ANSWER Triamcinolone
- Hypopigmentation
- Excessive hair growth (hypertrichosis)
- Thinning of the skin
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart failure? -
CORRECT ANSWER Frothy sputum
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be
life-threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
*The nurse should identify that frothy sputum, dyspnea, and wheezing are
manifestations of left-sided heart failure. Treatment includes fluid restriction and
diuretics to decrease preload and reduce pulmonary congestion. Pink-tinged frothy
sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be life-threatening.
Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
Left Sided Heart Failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Frothy sputum
- Dyspnea
- Wheezing
Treatment:
Fluid restriction & diuretics to decrease preload & pulmonary congestion
Right heart sided failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Dependent edam
- Jugular distention
- Weight gain
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and
tingling of the lips and fingers.
The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 me/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify that the client is
experiencing? - CORRECT ANSWER Respiratory alkalosis
, - The pH is alkaline
- PCO2 is low representing alveolar hyperventilation & respiratory alkalosis
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect? - CORRECT ANSWER Osteoporosis
Bone become thinner as a result of mineral loss & nitrogen depletion.
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse
should identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? -
CORRECT ANSWER A pearly, waxy nodule.
- Basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well-defined borders & pearly or waxy
appearance from overexposure to the sun.
Melanoma - CORRECT ANSWER Irregular border and variegated colored lesions of
red, white, blue.
- Most often on the upper back or lower legs
Squamous cell carcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER Firm, nodular, and crusty lesion with
an ulcerated center from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or irradiation to the
skin.
weeping vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER Herpes Zoster
- Weeping, blister type lesions.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed
diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 me/L. Which of the following laboratory findings
should the nurse expect? - CORRECT ANSWER LOW URINE SPECFIC GRAVITY.
*A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine specific
gravity. The increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate matter, which
affects the specific gravity.
Hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER - Low specific gravity
- Elevated hemoglobin
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member who
has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -
CORRECT ANSWER Remove clutter from rooms and hallways
- This allows the client is able to walk without the risk of falling or tripping over objects.
Later in the disease, the client can experience seizures, so cluttered areas could be a
risk to the client
