Sterols - ANSWER as hormones. have a perhydrocyclopentaneophenanthrene
ring structure. not aromatic and not planar
Fatty acids - ANSWER linear hydrocarbons with 1 carboxyl group at one end
and many methylene groups in the side chain.
generally have an even number of C because they are synthesized and degraded
2 C at a time.
most range from 12-24 C
hydrophobic character increases as the chain length increases
double bonds increase the solubility of the compounds in water and decrease
their melting point
Triaglycerols - ANSWER major storage lipids
3 FA esterified to glycerol
relatively non-polar, highly reduced(saturated)
Phosphoglycerols - ANSWER membrane components.
2 FA, glycerol, phosphate, ionic or polar alcohol
FA at position 2 = unsaturated
FA at 1 = saturated
phosphatidyl choline (lecithin) is its derivative
Sphingolipids - ANSWER membrane functions. similar overall structure and
similar capacity in biological membranes
Poluisoprenoid - ANSWER resembles polymers of isoprene but have a very
different biochemical origin. Vitamin A and beta-carotene.
, Which lipid types serve as energy storage material, membrane components,
hormones, biological detergents, insulating material and vitamins? - ANSWER
Energy storage - Triaglycerols
Membrane components - phosphoglycerol (phospholipids)
hormones - sterols
biological detergents - bile acids
Insulating material - phospholipid & sphingomyelin
vitamins - polyisoprenoid
What are the most common characteristics and functions of fatty acids, and how
do these properties change with the size and degree of unsaturation of the fatty
acid? - ANSWER characteristics:
1) highly hydrophobic (non-polar) so can be extracted into non-polar solvents
(chloroform etc.)
2) most reduces of the biological polymers so can potentially release the most
energy per gram upon biological oxidation.
3) limited solubility in water, but often have some amphipathic character (some
region of polarity)
functions:
1) major energy storage material.
2) critical part of biological membranes
3) lipid derivatives (sterols) function as hormones
4) other derivatives (bile acids) are biological detergents (break up large
complexes of dietary liked into smaller micelles).
5) sphingomyelin serves as insulating material for neurons
6) polyisoprenoid lipids serve as vitamins.
Which classes of lipids contain esterified fatty acids? - ANSWER
Triaglycerols consists of 3 FA esterified to glycerol. Phosphatidic Acid has 2
FA esterified to glycerol.
ring structure. not aromatic and not planar
Fatty acids - ANSWER linear hydrocarbons with 1 carboxyl group at one end
and many methylene groups in the side chain.
generally have an even number of C because they are synthesized and degraded
2 C at a time.
most range from 12-24 C
hydrophobic character increases as the chain length increases
double bonds increase the solubility of the compounds in water and decrease
their melting point
Triaglycerols - ANSWER major storage lipids
3 FA esterified to glycerol
relatively non-polar, highly reduced(saturated)
Phosphoglycerols - ANSWER membrane components.
2 FA, glycerol, phosphate, ionic or polar alcohol
FA at position 2 = unsaturated
FA at 1 = saturated
phosphatidyl choline (lecithin) is its derivative
Sphingolipids - ANSWER membrane functions. similar overall structure and
similar capacity in biological membranes
Poluisoprenoid - ANSWER resembles polymers of isoprene but have a very
different biochemical origin. Vitamin A and beta-carotene.
, Which lipid types serve as energy storage material, membrane components,
hormones, biological detergents, insulating material and vitamins? - ANSWER
Energy storage - Triaglycerols
Membrane components - phosphoglycerol (phospholipids)
hormones - sterols
biological detergents - bile acids
Insulating material - phospholipid & sphingomyelin
vitamins - polyisoprenoid
What are the most common characteristics and functions of fatty acids, and how
do these properties change with the size and degree of unsaturation of the fatty
acid? - ANSWER characteristics:
1) highly hydrophobic (non-polar) so can be extracted into non-polar solvents
(chloroform etc.)
2) most reduces of the biological polymers so can potentially release the most
energy per gram upon biological oxidation.
3) limited solubility in water, but often have some amphipathic character (some
region of polarity)
functions:
1) major energy storage material.
2) critical part of biological membranes
3) lipid derivatives (sterols) function as hormones
4) other derivatives (bile acids) are biological detergents (break up large
complexes of dietary liked into smaller micelles).
5) sphingomyelin serves as insulating material for neurons
6) polyisoprenoid lipids serve as vitamins.
Which classes of lipids contain esterified fatty acids? - ANSWER
Triaglycerols consists of 3 FA esterified to glycerol. Phosphatidic Acid has 2
FA esterified to glycerol.
