NURBN1013 MODULE 6 PAIN ASSESSMENT AND
MANAGEMENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is pain
'an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential
tissue damage, or described in terms of potential damage'.
Cutaneous Pain
stimulation of the cutaneous nerve endings in the skin that results in a burning or
prickling sensation.
Somatic Pain
non-localized and originates in support structures such as tendons, ligaments and
nerves, can be a deep pain.
Visceral Pain
discomfort in the internal organs, less localised, more slowly transmitted than cutaneous
pain and can be difficult to assess.
Referred Pain
sensation of pain originating from abdominal organs not felt in the organ itself.
Acute Pain
sudden onset and relatively short duration. Normal response to noxious stimuli like
trauma, surgery or acute medical conditions.
, Recurrent Acute Pain
repetitive painful episodes recurring over a prolonged period with alternate pain free
episodes.
Chronic Pain
constant daily pain for a period of three months or more, persistent pain.
Physiology of pain
- elevated blood pressure
- elevated heart rate
- elevated respiratory rate
- dilated pupils
- pallor
- perspiration
Process of Pain
1. Transduction - changing of the noxious stimuli in sensory nerve endings to energy
impulses
2. Transmission - The movement of impulses from the site of origin to the brain
3. Perception - The development of conscious awareness of pain
4. Modulation - the changing of pain impulses
Gate Control Theory
MANAGEMENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is pain
'an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential
tissue damage, or described in terms of potential damage'.
Cutaneous Pain
stimulation of the cutaneous nerve endings in the skin that results in a burning or
prickling sensation.
Somatic Pain
non-localized and originates in support structures such as tendons, ligaments and
nerves, can be a deep pain.
Visceral Pain
discomfort in the internal organs, less localised, more slowly transmitted than cutaneous
pain and can be difficult to assess.
Referred Pain
sensation of pain originating from abdominal organs not felt in the organ itself.
Acute Pain
sudden onset and relatively short duration. Normal response to noxious stimuli like
trauma, surgery or acute medical conditions.
, Recurrent Acute Pain
repetitive painful episodes recurring over a prolonged period with alternate pain free
episodes.
Chronic Pain
constant daily pain for a period of three months or more, persistent pain.
Physiology of pain
- elevated blood pressure
- elevated heart rate
- elevated respiratory rate
- dilated pupils
- pallor
- perspiration
Process of Pain
1. Transduction - changing of the noxious stimuli in sensory nerve endings to energy
impulses
2. Transmission - The movement of impulses from the site of origin to the brain
3. Perception - The development of conscious awareness of pain
4. Modulation - the changing of pain impulses
Gate Control Theory
