NUR1871 FUNDAMENTALS- EXAM 1 KEYWORDS EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED
Autonomy
The initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders.
Accountability
Professional and legal responsibility for the type and quality of nursing care provided
Epibole
rolled wound edges
Abrasion
A wound with superficial to little bleeding and is considered a partial-thickness wound.
The wound often appears "weepy" because of plasma leakage from damaged
capillaries.
Pressure injury
Impaired skin integrity related to unrelieved, prolonged pressure.
Stage 1 pressure injury
Intact skin with a localized area of non-blanchable erythema, which may appear
differently in darkly pigmented skin
Stage 2 pressure injury
-Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
-Adipose tissue is not visible
,-Deeper tissues are not visible.
-Granulation tissue, slough, and eschar are not present
Stage 3 pressure injury
-Full-thickness loss of skin
-Adipose tissue (fat) is visible in the ulcer and granulation tissue and epibole
-Fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage, and/or bone are not exposed.
Stage 4 pressure injury
-Full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle,
tendon, ligament, cartilage, or bone in the ulcer.
-Slough and/or eschar may be visible.
Unstageable pressure injury
-Obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss
-Full-thickness skin and tissue loss in which the extent of tissue damage within the ulcer
cannot be confirmed because it is obscured by slough or eschar
Deep-tissue pressure injury
Intact or nonintact skin with localized area of persistent non-blanchable deep red,
maroon, purple discoloration, or epidermal separation revealing a dark wound bed or
blood-filled blister
Hemostasis
A series of physiological events designed to control blood loss, establish bacterial
control, and seal the defect that occurs when there is an injury
Granulation tissue
,Red, moist tissue composed of new blood vessels, the presence of which indicates
progression toward healing.
sensory overload
When a person receives multiple sensory stimuli and cannot perceptually disregard or
selectively ignore some stimuli
Ventilation
-the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs, with air flowing into the lungs
during inhalation (inspiration) and out of the lungs during exhalation (expiration)
-It requires coordination of the muscular and elastic properties of the lungs and thorax.
diaphragm
The major inspiratory muscle
Perfusion
The ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and
return deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Atelectasis
The collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Accessory muscles of inspiration
-Intercostal muscles in rib cage
-abdominal muscles
tidal volume
The amount of air exhaled following a normal inspiration.
Residual volume
the amount of air left in the alveoli after a full expiration.
, SA node
pacemaker of the heart
Hypovolemia
extracellular fluid loss and reduced circulating blood volume
Conditions affecting chest wall movement
Pregnancy,
Obesity, neuromuscular disease, musculoskeletal abnormalities, trauma, CNS
alterations
Hypoventilation
occurs when alveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demand of the body
or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide.
Hyperventilation
a state of ventilation in which the lungs remove carbon dioxide faster than it is produced
by cellular metabolism.
Hypoventilation symptoms
Mental status changes,
Dysrhythmias,
Potential cardiac arrest
Hyperventilation symptoms
Rapid respirations, sighing breaths, numbness and tingling of hands/feet, light-
headedness, and loss of consciousness
Hyperventilation caused by
Severe anxiety, infection, drugs, or an acid-base imbalance
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED
Autonomy
The initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders.
Accountability
Professional and legal responsibility for the type and quality of nursing care provided
Epibole
rolled wound edges
Abrasion
A wound with superficial to little bleeding and is considered a partial-thickness wound.
The wound often appears "weepy" because of plasma leakage from damaged
capillaries.
Pressure injury
Impaired skin integrity related to unrelieved, prolonged pressure.
Stage 1 pressure injury
Intact skin with a localized area of non-blanchable erythema, which may appear
differently in darkly pigmented skin
Stage 2 pressure injury
-Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
-Adipose tissue is not visible
,-Deeper tissues are not visible.
-Granulation tissue, slough, and eschar are not present
Stage 3 pressure injury
-Full-thickness loss of skin
-Adipose tissue (fat) is visible in the ulcer and granulation tissue and epibole
-Fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage, and/or bone are not exposed.
Stage 4 pressure injury
-Full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle,
tendon, ligament, cartilage, or bone in the ulcer.
-Slough and/or eschar may be visible.
Unstageable pressure injury
-Obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss
-Full-thickness skin and tissue loss in which the extent of tissue damage within the ulcer
cannot be confirmed because it is obscured by slough or eschar
Deep-tissue pressure injury
Intact or nonintact skin with localized area of persistent non-blanchable deep red,
maroon, purple discoloration, or epidermal separation revealing a dark wound bed or
blood-filled blister
Hemostasis
A series of physiological events designed to control blood loss, establish bacterial
control, and seal the defect that occurs when there is an injury
Granulation tissue
,Red, moist tissue composed of new blood vessels, the presence of which indicates
progression toward healing.
sensory overload
When a person receives multiple sensory stimuli and cannot perceptually disregard or
selectively ignore some stimuli
Ventilation
-the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs, with air flowing into the lungs
during inhalation (inspiration) and out of the lungs during exhalation (expiration)
-It requires coordination of the muscular and elastic properties of the lungs and thorax.
diaphragm
The major inspiratory muscle
Perfusion
The ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and
return deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Atelectasis
The collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Accessory muscles of inspiration
-Intercostal muscles in rib cage
-abdominal muscles
tidal volume
The amount of air exhaled following a normal inspiration.
Residual volume
the amount of air left in the alveoli after a full expiration.
, SA node
pacemaker of the heart
Hypovolemia
extracellular fluid loss and reduced circulating blood volume
Conditions affecting chest wall movement
Pregnancy,
Obesity, neuromuscular disease, musculoskeletal abnormalities, trauma, CNS
alterations
Hypoventilation
occurs when alveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demand of the body
or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide.
Hyperventilation
a state of ventilation in which the lungs remove carbon dioxide faster than it is produced
by cellular metabolism.
Hypoventilation symptoms
Mental status changes,
Dysrhythmias,
Potential cardiac arrest
Hyperventilation symptoms
Rapid respirations, sighing breaths, numbness and tingling of hands/feet, light-
headedness, and loss of consciousness
Hyperventilation caused by
Severe anxiety, infection, drugs, or an acid-base imbalance
