GMS6530: THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
epicardium (outer), myocardium (thickest), endocardium (inner)
pericardium
membrane surrounding the heart
atria
upper chambers of the heart
ventricles
lower chambers of the heart
interatrial septum (IAS)
separates the right and left atria
interventricular septum (IVS)
separates the right and left ventricles
what are the purpose of valves in the heart?
prevent back flow of blood; they are one way valves
what are the valves in the heart composed of?
dense connective tissue covered by endocardium; they open/close due to pressure
changes when heart contracts and relaxes
atrioventricular (AV) valves
Valves located between the atrial and ventricular chambers on each side of the heart
, semilunar valves
prevent blood in the arteries from flowing back into the heart
bicuspid valve
-valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle
-mitral
tricuspid valve
valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle
T/F: blood flows through the heart from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower
pressure
True
sinoatrial (SA) node
-located in right atrial wall
-BEGINS cardiac excitation
-natural pacemaker of the heart
atrioventricular (AV) node
-located in interatrial septum
-action potential slows which provides more time for the atria to empty their blood into
the ventricles
electrocardiogram
-conduction of action potentials through the heart generates currents that can be picked
up by electrodes placed on the skin
-recording of electrical changes that accompany the heart beat
-ECG/EKG
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
epicardium (outer), myocardium (thickest), endocardium (inner)
pericardium
membrane surrounding the heart
atria
upper chambers of the heart
ventricles
lower chambers of the heart
interatrial septum (IAS)
separates the right and left atria
interventricular septum (IVS)
separates the right and left ventricles
what are the purpose of valves in the heart?
prevent back flow of blood; they are one way valves
what are the valves in the heart composed of?
dense connective tissue covered by endocardium; they open/close due to pressure
changes when heart contracts and relaxes
atrioventricular (AV) valves
Valves located between the atrial and ventricular chambers on each side of the heart
, semilunar valves
prevent blood in the arteries from flowing back into the heart
bicuspid valve
-valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle
-mitral
tricuspid valve
valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle
T/F: blood flows through the heart from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower
pressure
True
sinoatrial (SA) node
-located in right atrial wall
-BEGINS cardiac excitation
-natural pacemaker of the heart
atrioventricular (AV) node
-located in interatrial septum
-action potential slows which provides more time for the atria to empty their blood into
the ventricles
electrocardiogram
-conduction of action potentials through the heart generates currents that can be picked
up by electrodes placed on the skin
-recording of electrical changes that accompany the heart beat
-ECG/EKG
