GMS6540 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
genetic changes are required for which of the following to occur? select all that
apply.
•initiation/transformation of a cell
•formation of a pre neoplastic lesion from an initiated cell
•formation of a malignant tumor from a pre neoplastic lesion
•formation of a clinical cancer from a malignant tumor
•metastasis of a clinical cancer
•initiation/transformation of a cell
•formation of a malignant tumor from a pre neoplastic lesion
•formation of a clinical cancer from a malignant tumor
•metastasis of a clinical cancer
what effect would a G12V mutation in ras have on ERK?
•it would lead to increased activation of ERK
•it would lead to decreased activation of ERK
•it would increase the stability of ERK
•it would decrease the stability of ERK
it would lead to increased activation of ERK
,are cancers more likely to develop mutation that activate or inactivate Rb?
•activate
•inactivate
inactivate
metabolites of nicotine commonly result in DNA point mutations. which type of
DNA instability is this an example of?
•genetic instability
•chromosomal instability
genetic instability
if a human cell underwent endoreduplication followed by failed cytokinesis, how
many chromosomes would you expect that cell to now contain?
•23
•46
•92
•184
•368
184
which of the following statements is true regarding apoptosis?
•it does not occur in our bodies under normal circumstances
,•it is a process to ensure cancer cell survival
•cancer cells must avoid it
•tumors seek to up regulate it
•it can only be triggered by factors outside the cell
cancer cells must avoid it
which statement best describes the warburg effect?
•the switching of cancer cells from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic
glycolysis
•the switching of cancer cells from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative
phosphorylation
•the process of making glycolysis more efficient
•the process of making glycolysis less efficient
the switching of cancer cells from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis
a patient undergoes an FdG PET scan. will a tumor contain more or less
18fluorodeoxyglucose than normal the surrounding tissue?
•more
•less
more
angiogenesis is...
, •the process of creating blood vessels where none currently existed
•the process of creating new blood vessels from current blood vessels
the process of creating new blood vessels from current blood vessels
is inflammation harmful or beneficial to cancer?
•harmful
•beneficial
beneficial
if a cell expresses a mutant form of EGFR, would this be considered a tumor
specific antigen or tumor associated antigen?
•tumor specific antigen
•tumor associated antigen
tumor specific antigen
which statement best describes how cancer cells overcome the hayflick limit?
•they up regulate p53
•they down regulate p53
•they up regulate telomerase
•they down regulate telomerase
they up regulate telomerase
what chemical causes the most cigarette related DNA mutations?
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
genetic changes are required for which of the following to occur? select all that
apply.
•initiation/transformation of a cell
•formation of a pre neoplastic lesion from an initiated cell
•formation of a malignant tumor from a pre neoplastic lesion
•formation of a clinical cancer from a malignant tumor
•metastasis of a clinical cancer
•initiation/transformation of a cell
•formation of a malignant tumor from a pre neoplastic lesion
•formation of a clinical cancer from a malignant tumor
•metastasis of a clinical cancer
what effect would a G12V mutation in ras have on ERK?
•it would lead to increased activation of ERK
•it would lead to decreased activation of ERK
•it would increase the stability of ERK
•it would decrease the stability of ERK
it would lead to increased activation of ERK
,are cancers more likely to develop mutation that activate or inactivate Rb?
•activate
•inactivate
inactivate
metabolites of nicotine commonly result in DNA point mutations. which type of
DNA instability is this an example of?
•genetic instability
•chromosomal instability
genetic instability
if a human cell underwent endoreduplication followed by failed cytokinesis, how
many chromosomes would you expect that cell to now contain?
•23
•46
•92
•184
•368
184
which of the following statements is true regarding apoptosis?
•it does not occur in our bodies under normal circumstances
,•it is a process to ensure cancer cell survival
•cancer cells must avoid it
•tumors seek to up regulate it
•it can only be triggered by factors outside the cell
cancer cells must avoid it
which statement best describes the warburg effect?
•the switching of cancer cells from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic
glycolysis
•the switching of cancer cells from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative
phosphorylation
•the process of making glycolysis more efficient
•the process of making glycolysis less efficient
the switching of cancer cells from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis
a patient undergoes an FdG PET scan. will a tumor contain more or less
18fluorodeoxyglucose than normal the surrounding tissue?
•more
•less
more
angiogenesis is...
, •the process of creating blood vessels where none currently existed
•the process of creating new blood vessels from current blood vessels
the process of creating new blood vessels from current blood vessels
is inflammation harmful or beneficial to cancer?
•harmful
•beneficial
beneficial
if a cell expresses a mutant form of EGFR, would this be considered a tumor
specific antigen or tumor associated antigen?
•tumor specific antigen
•tumor associated antigen
tumor specific antigen
which statement best describes how cancer cells overcome the hayflick limit?
•they up regulate p53
•they down regulate p53
•they up regulate telomerase
•they down regulate telomerase
they up regulate telomerase
what chemical causes the most cigarette related DNA mutations?
