,Cells
-
Cells are the structural and functional unit of all living organisms .
-
A cell has organelles , which are used for :
1) Basic unit of life - retains the characteristics of life.
2) protection and support -
produce and secretes various molecules .
3) Movement-forms Specific cells as muscle cells .
4) Communication -
Produce and recieve chemical and electrical Signal .
5) Inheritance -
Contains DNA .
-
Humans have over 200 kinds of cells , different cells do different things .
-
All living things are made up of cells. They maybe unicellular (made up withI cell)
·
or multicellular (made up with more than 1 cell) .
-
All cells arise from a
single cell through cell division .
cells Contain genetic Contents (DNA) which is passed from during
-
cell to cell
cell division.
-
All cellular process take place inside cells.
All cells Share the same basic organic molecules components C H O
-
-
. .
-
cells organization :
cells-tissues -
organs-organ system -
organism
-
Many cells are specialized to do a specific function , so they look different
from general animal and plant They called
cells . are specialized cells .
Types of specialized
messages
cells
-
:
Nerve cells These cells can be very long to carry
:
around the body .
2) Redblood cells : These cells adapted to carry
are
oxygen to
cells and carbon dioxide
away from them
.
·
3) Muscle cells : These cells can change their length to help
us move . F
4)ciliatedepitheliaeThese caround
and help to move eggs along the oviduct
.
intubedinmn
area
m
5) Root hair cell : The root hair gives these cells a bigger surface
to take in water from the soil .
6) white blood cells :
lymphocytes detect any pathogens and
7)
alerts phagocytes
Reproductive cells
to
:
engulf and digest
Sperms cells and egg
the pathogen .
cells are called
gamete cells &
, Types of Cells
-
cells can be divided into 2
categories based on the presence of organelles :
↳ Prokaryotic cells
-
prokaryotes are
Single cell organisms . They are characterized by having :
1) No cell membrane .
2) No nucleus .
3) No membrane-bound organelles .
4) loop of DNA called plasmids .
5) cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane .
6) small ribosomes .
-
prokaryotes divide via binary fission . It is a type of asexual reproduction .
The process binary fission
signal
-
of :
"The circular DNA is copied in response to a replication
2) The two DNA loops attach to the membrane .
3) The membrane elongates and pinches off (cytokinesis)
forming two cells .
to
-
Different types of bacteria can be distinguished according
1) Shape .
2) cell wall composition .
3) Oxygen requirements.
4) Nutritional patterns.
5) Useful or
pathogenic .
-
Not all bacteria are bad , some are beneficial :
1) Bacteria are decomposers.
2) play role in immune system .
3) prevent disease-causing bacteria from growing in our intestines .
4) Help to break down , Synthesize vitamins and eliminate wastes .
5) used to create antibiotics .
6) used to make fermented food .
↳ Eukaryotic cells
-
They can be unicellular or multicellular .
They are characterized by having :
1) DNA in a nucleus .
2) membrane-bound organelles .
3) cytoplasm in the region between plasma membrane and nucleus .
-
Cells are the structural and functional unit of all living organisms .
-
A cell has organelles , which are used for :
1) Basic unit of life - retains the characteristics of life.
2) protection and support -
produce and secretes various molecules .
3) Movement-forms Specific cells as muscle cells .
4) Communication -
Produce and recieve chemical and electrical Signal .
5) Inheritance -
Contains DNA .
-
Humans have over 200 kinds of cells , different cells do different things .
-
All living things are made up of cells. They maybe unicellular (made up withI cell)
·
or multicellular (made up with more than 1 cell) .
-
All cells arise from a
single cell through cell division .
cells Contain genetic Contents (DNA) which is passed from during
-
cell to cell
cell division.
-
All cellular process take place inside cells.
All cells Share the same basic organic molecules components C H O
-
-
. .
-
cells organization :
cells-tissues -
organs-organ system -
organism
-
Many cells are specialized to do a specific function , so they look different
from general animal and plant They called
cells . are specialized cells .
Types of specialized
messages
cells
-
:
Nerve cells These cells can be very long to carry
:
around the body .
2) Redblood cells : These cells adapted to carry
are
oxygen to
cells and carbon dioxide
away from them
.
·
3) Muscle cells : These cells can change their length to help
us move . F
4)ciliatedepitheliaeThese caround
and help to move eggs along the oviduct
.
intubedinmn
area
m
5) Root hair cell : The root hair gives these cells a bigger surface
to take in water from the soil .
6) white blood cells :
lymphocytes detect any pathogens and
7)
alerts phagocytes
Reproductive cells
to
:
engulf and digest
Sperms cells and egg
the pathogen .
cells are called
gamete cells &
, Types of Cells
-
cells can be divided into 2
categories based on the presence of organelles :
↳ Prokaryotic cells
-
prokaryotes are
Single cell organisms . They are characterized by having :
1) No cell membrane .
2) No nucleus .
3) No membrane-bound organelles .
4) loop of DNA called plasmids .
5) cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane .
6) small ribosomes .
-
prokaryotes divide via binary fission . It is a type of asexual reproduction .
The process binary fission
signal
-
of :
"The circular DNA is copied in response to a replication
2) The two DNA loops attach to the membrane .
3) The membrane elongates and pinches off (cytokinesis)
forming two cells .
to
-
Different types of bacteria can be distinguished according
1) Shape .
2) cell wall composition .
3) Oxygen requirements.
4) Nutritional patterns.
5) Useful or
pathogenic .
-
Not all bacteria are bad , some are beneficial :
1) Bacteria are decomposers.
2) play role in immune system .
3) prevent disease-causing bacteria from growing in our intestines .
4) Help to break down , Synthesize vitamins and eliminate wastes .
5) used to create antibiotics .
6) used to make fermented food .
↳ Eukaryotic cells
-
They can be unicellular or multicellular .
They are characterized by having :
1) DNA in a nucleus .
2) membrane-bound organelles .
3) cytoplasm in the region between plasma membrane and nucleus .
