UMICH Anthro 101 Exam 3 Questions and Answers
(Graded A)
gender - Answer"a culturally influenced perception of the roles the range of sexes are
expected to play. In many societies, gender is best conceived as a continuum, not a
dichotomy"
/.what is an umbrella term? - Answerterms that are meant to represent a large range of
identities and/or experiences
/.gender roles - Answerthe assignment of different tasks to different people(social
identity can play a role in the roles assigned)
-tasks and activities a culture assigns by gender
/.Rosie the Riveter - Answerevidence of gender roles being arbitrarily assigned and
changeable
-propaganda sought to appropriate women of workers in wartime industries
-reversal of same stereotypes used to justify women for not working
/.gender stereotypes - Answeroversimplified but strongly held ideas about the
characteristics associated with a particular gender
-adds cultural meaning to gender categories
/.changes in body shapes in hero action figures - Answerchange in illustration of
superman shows a more masculine body (aggressive, stern) in the 1960-1990's
-the body of the hero became more masculine over time; heroes seen as needing to be
more masculine
-female superheroes become more sexualized
/.gender stratification - Answeran unequal distribution of rewards among people of
different genders, reflecting different positions in a social hierarchy
-the intensity of stratification varies by society
-connected to gender roles and stereotypes
/.the Guerilla Girls - Answer-gender stratification
-A feminist artist protest group formed to fight discrimination against women and POC
artists in the art world
/.gender identity - Answerinnate(internally felt), personal sense of gender. self-
identification
/.cisgender - Answeridentifying with the gender assigned at birth
/.transgender - Answergender identity differs from the sex/gender assigned at birth
, /.nonbinary - Answergender which doesn't fall within a male/female framework
/.suprabinary gender categories - Answergenders in addition to male and female, in the
context of Indigenous nations across the US
-several categories have existed but were suppressed due to forced assimilation
/.two-spirit identity - Answer-an umbrella term for a suprabinary gender category
-prioritizes cultural roles within one's Indigenous nations over connections with settler-
dominated LGBTQ communities
-individuals perform roles traditionally assigned to both women and men
/.matriarchy - Answera political system ruled by women or one where women play a
more prominent role in the sociopolitical organization than men
/.patriarchy - Answera political system ruled by men
/.why is religion so hard to define? - Answerevasive and broad definition
/.what does religion do? - Answer-provides explanations
-validates decisions
-gives meaning to events
-familiarizes people with their surroundings
-social control
-mobilizes emotions
-providing incentives, rewards, and benefits
/.animism - Answerbelief in spiritual beings(deities, ghosts, souls, doubles)
/.communitas - Answeran intense feeling of social solidarity
/.effervescence - Answer-strong emotions of togetherness
-strengthened belief in commonality
/.monotheism - Answerbelief in a single all-powered deity
/.polytheism - Answermultiple deities who control different aspects of nature(belief in
more than one god)
/.what are some ways to know if you are in a cult? - Answer-isolating members/not
allowing them to leave
-claims to enlightenment and higher knowledge
-demanding inappropriate amounts of loyalty to a leader
-rigid controls on behaviors that the leader is not subject to
/.why is it hard to define a cult? - Answermultiple definitions, arbitrary and difficult to
determine
(Graded A)
gender - Answer"a culturally influenced perception of the roles the range of sexes are
expected to play. In many societies, gender is best conceived as a continuum, not a
dichotomy"
/.what is an umbrella term? - Answerterms that are meant to represent a large range of
identities and/or experiences
/.gender roles - Answerthe assignment of different tasks to different people(social
identity can play a role in the roles assigned)
-tasks and activities a culture assigns by gender
/.Rosie the Riveter - Answerevidence of gender roles being arbitrarily assigned and
changeable
-propaganda sought to appropriate women of workers in wartime industries
-reversal of same stereotypes used to justify women for not working
/.gender stereotypes - Answeroversimplified but strongly held ideas about the
characteristics associated with a particular gender
-adds cultural meaning to gender categories
/.changes in body shapes in hero action figures - Answerchange in illustration of
superman shows a more masculine body (aggressive, stern) in the 1960-1990's
-the body of the hero became more masculine over time; heroes seen as needing to be
more masculine
-female superheroes become more sexualized
/.gender stratification - Answeran unequal distribution of rewards among people of
different genders, reflecting different positions in a social hierarchy
-the intensity of stratification varies by society
-connected to gender roles and stereotypes
/.the Guerilla Girls - Answer-gender stratification
-A feminist artist protest group formed to fight discrimination against women and POC
artists in the art world
/.gender identity - Answerinnate(internally felt), personal sense of gender. self-
identification
/.cisgender - Answeridentifying with the gender assigned at birth
/.transgender - Answergender identity differs from the sex/gender assigned at birth
, /.nonbinary - Answergender which doesn't fall within a male/female framework
/.suprabinary gender categories - Answergenders in addition to male and female, in the
context of Indigenous nations across the US
-several categories have existed but were suppressed due to forced assimilation
/.two-spirit identity - Answer-an umbrella term for a suprabinary gender category
-prioritizes cultural roles within one's Indigenous nations over connections with settler-
dominated LGBTQ communities
-individuals perform roles traditionally assigned to both women and men
/.matriarchy - Answera political system ruled by women or one where women play a
more prominent role in the sociopolitical organization than men
/.patriarchy - Answera political system ruled by men
/.why is religion so hard to define? - Answerevasive and broad definition
/.what does religion do? - Answer-provides explanations
-validates decisions
-gives meaning to events
-familiarizes people with their surroundings
-social control
-mobilizes emotions
-providing incentives, rewards, and benefits
/.animism - Answerbelief in spiritual beings(deities, ghosts, souls, doubles)
/.communitas - Answeran intense feeling of social solidarity
/.effervescence - Answer-strong emotions of togetherness
-strengthened belief in commonality
/.monotheism - Answerbelief in a single all-powered deity
/.polytheism - Answermultiple deities who control different aspects of nature(belief in
more than one god)
/.what are some ways to know if you are in a cult? - Answer-isolating members/not
allowing them to leave
-claims to enlightenment and higher knowledge
-demanding inappropriate amounts of loyalty to a leader
-rigid controls on behaviors that the leader is not subject to
/.why is it hard to define a cult? - Answermultiple definitions, arbitrary and difficult to
determine
