PATH 1000 UNIT 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Varicose Veins: are what? veins are? caused by? valve damage leads to? people
at risk? can lead to?
A superficial vein in which blood has pooled
Distended, tortuous & palpable
Trauma or gradual venous distention caused by prolonged standing
Backflow (leading to distention & edema)
Standing for prolonged periods, crossing legs at knees
Chronic venous insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency: is? causes? what is impaired?
Inadequate venous return over a long period
Changes in blood vessels, skin & supporting tissue b/c of ischemia
Metabolic requirements of cells
Deep Venous Thrombosis: is what? risk factors? contributing factors? formation
begins due to? (triggers what? increases? may become?)
Clot that remains attached to the blood vessel wall
People with CVA, shock, MI, CHF & malignancies
Venous stasis, venous endothelial damage, hypercoagulable conditions
Gathering of clotting factors & platelets (inflammation, increasing platelet aggregation,
embolus)
Post Thrombotic Syndrome: is what? symptoms?
,Chronic, persistent pain, swelling & ulceration of the limb
Heavy ache in affected area, warm skin in area of clot, red skin (at back of leg below
knee), pain in knee as one bends foot upwards
Hypertension: is what? risk increases with? caused by?
Sustained elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure
Aging
Increase in cardiac output, total peripheral resistance or both
Primary Hypertension: pathophysiology? other factors?
Result of genetics, environment and their effects on blood vessels & kidneys, SNS is
involved & RAS cycle
Inflammation, endothelial problems, insulin resistance, decreased renal
excretion of salt
Secondary Hypertension: caused by? blood pressure will return to normal once?
caused by? is isolated?
Another disease process (kidney disease etc.)
The cause is fixed before permanent damage occurs
Increased cardiac output of a rigid aorta or both
Systolic hypertension
Primary vs Secondary Hypertension?
More common, gradual in onset, family history related, life long
Less common, dramatic in onset, may or may not be resolved
Malignant Hypertension: is what? can cause? leads to? other effects?
A rapidly progressive hypertension
, Encephalopathy
Cerebral edema & leading to dysfunction
Papilledema, cardiac failure, uremia, retinopathy & CVA
Hypertension: complications?
Fibrosis develops
Impaired blood flow
Organs are affected (kidneys)
Angina
CHF (left side)
Coronary heart disease
MI
Sudden death
Brain stroke
Vision loss
Bone loss
Blood vessel damage
Orthostatic Hypertension: is? clinical manifestations?
Decrease in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure on standing
Dizziness, blurred vision or loss of vision, syncope (insufficient vasomotor
compensation leading to decreased blood flow through brain)
Aneurysm: is what? how do ventricular wall aneurysms form? (what occurs? acts
as?) aorta is susceptible for? most people who have them also have? other
causes?
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Varicose Veins: are what? veins are? caused by? valve damage leads to? people
at risk? can lead to?
A superficial vein in which blood has pooled
Distended, tortuous & palpable
Trauma or gradual venous distention caused by prolonged standing
Backflow (leading to distention & edema)
Standing for prolonged periods, crossing legs at knees
Chronic venous insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency: is? causes? what is impaired?
Inadequate venous return over a long period
Changes in blood vessels, skin & supporting tissue b/c of ischemia
Metabolic requirements of cells
Deep Venous Thrombosis: is what? risk factors? contributing factors? formation
begins due to? (triggers what? increases? may become?)
Clot that remains attached to the blood vessel wall
People with CVA, shock, MI, CHF & malignancies
Venous stasis, venous endothelial damage, hypercoagulable conditions
Gathering of clotting factors & platelets (inflammation, increasing platelet aggregation,
embolus)
Post Thrombotic Syndrome: is what? symptoms?
,Chronic, persistent pain, swelling & ulceration of the limb
Heavy ache in affected area, warm skin in area of clot, red skin (at back of leg below
knee), pain in knee as one bends foot upwards
Hypertension: is what? risk increases with? caused by?
Sustained elevation of systemic arterial blood pressure
Aging
Increase in cardiac output, total peripheral resistance or both
Primary Hypertension: pathophysiology? other factors?
Result of genetics, environment and their effects on blood vessels & kidneys, SNS is
involved & RAS cycle
Inflammation, endothelial problems, insulin resistance, decreased renal
excretion of salt
Secondary Hypertension: caused by? blood pressure will return to normal once?
caused by? is isolated?
Another disease process (kidney disease etc.)
The cause is fixed before permanent damage occurs
Increased cardiac output of a rigid aorta or both
Systolic hypertension
Primary vs Secondary Hypertension?
More common, gradual in onset, family history related, life long
Less common, dramatic in onset, may or may not be resolved
Malignant Hypertension: is what? can cause? leads to? other effects?
A rapidly progressive hypertension
, Encephalopathy
Cerebral edema & leading to dysfunction
Papilledema, cardiac failure, uremia, retinopathy & CVA
Hypertension: complications?
Fibrosis develops
Impaired blood flow
Organs are affected (kidneys)
Angina
CHF (left side)
Coronary heart disease
MI
Sudden death
Brain stroke
Vision loss
Bone loss
Blood vessel damage
Orthostatic Hypertension: is? clinical manifestations?
Decrease in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure on standing
Dizziness, blurred vision or loss of vision, syncope (insufficient vasomotor
compensation leading to decreased blood flow through brain)
Aneurysm: is what? how do ventricular wall aneurysms form? (what occurs? acts
as?) aorta is susceptible for? most people who have them also have? other
causes?
