PATH1000 RESPIRATORY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease
Dyspnea, cough, altered breathing, hyper/hypoventilation, hemoptysis, cyanosis, chest
pain, clubbing
Dyspnea
Sensation of uncomfortable breathing
Severe Dyspnea flaring of nostrils, use of accessory muscles, retraction of intercostal
spaces
dyspnea on exertion
shortness of breath with ACTIVITY
orthopnea
difficulty breathing when lying down
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
sudden awakening from sleeping with shortness of breath
Cough
protective reflex that helps clear the airways by an explosive expiration
Acute is 2-3 weeks
Chronic is longer than 3
Abnormal sputum
Changes in amount, consistency, color, and odor provide information about the
progression of disease and the effectiveness of therapy
, hemoptysis
coughing up blood
eupnea
normal breathing
Abnormal breathing patterns
Adjustments made by the body to minimize the work of the respiratory muscles
Hypoventilation vs hyperventilation
Hypo- airway obstruction,chest wall restriction, altered neurological control of breathing,
respiratory acidosis from hypercapnia, alveolar ventilation is inadequate
Hyper caused by anxiety, head injury, severe hypoxemia, respiratory alkalosis from
hypocapnia, alveolar ventilation exceeds metabolic demand
hypercapnia
increased CO2 in blood caused by pulmonary disease or injury
hypoxemia
Low blood oxygen in blood
Ventilation perfusion abnormalities most common cause
Acute Respiratory Failure
Gas exchange inadequate, Pa02 is <50mm hg, ph is 7.25, requires ventilatory support,
or oxygen
pneumothorax
Pleural abnormality,
Primary (spontaneous) occurs unexpectedly in healthy individuals
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease
Dyspnea, cough, altered breathing, hyper/hypoventilation, hemoptysis, cyanosis, chest
pain, clubbing
Dyspnea
Sensation of uncomfortable breathing
Severe Dyspnea flaring of nostrils, use of accessory muscles, retraction of intercostal
spaces
dyspnea on exertion
shortness of breath with ACTIVITY
orthopnea
difficulty breathing when lying down
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
sudden awakening from sleeping with shortness of breath
Cough
protective reflex that helps clear the airways by an explosive expiration
Acute is 2-3 weeks
Chronic is longer than 3
Abnormal sputum
Changes in amount, consistency, color, and odor provide information about the
progression of disease and the effectiveness of therapy
, hemoptysis
coughing up blood
eupnea
normal breathing
Abnormal breathing patterns
Adjustments made by the body to minimize the work of the respiratory muscles
Hypoventilation vs hyperventilation
Hypo- airway obstruction,chest wall restriction, altered neurological control of breathing,
respiratory acidosis from hypercapnia, alveolar ventilation is inadequate
Hyper caused by anxiety, head injury, severe hypoxemia, respiratory alkalosis from
hypocapnia, alveolar ventilation exceeds metabolic demand
hypercapnia
increased CO2 in blood caused by pulmonary disease or injury
hypoxemia
Low blood oxygen in blood
Ventilation perfusion abnormalities most common cause
Acute Respiratory Failure
Gas exchange inadequate, Pa02 is <50mm hg, ph is 7.25, requires ventilatory support,
or oxygen
pneumothorax
Pleural abnormality,
Primary (spontaneous) occurs unexpectedly in healthy individuals
