PATH 1000 MODULE 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Origin of the word Pathobiology
Ancient Greek:
Pathos: suffering
bios: life
logia: study of
Definition of Pathobiology
Study of the biological aspects of disease (not the medical aspects).
Interdisciplinary: biology, medicine, public health, genetics, anatomy, animal science,
vaccines
Techniques: molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, focus on global health
Careers
Research
Academic
Veterinary
Medicine
Biomedical
Lab
Agriculture/natural resource
,Infection and disease are...
Not the same thing
Infection:
Colonization/invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in the host
with/without manifestation of disease
Disease
Abnormal condition of body function/structure that is harmful to the host
Any change of normal structure/function of any part of the body
Infectious Disease
Results when tissue function is impaired due to invasion/multiplication of pathogen
Clinically evident deviation from health - parasitic relationship between host and
microorganism
Chain of Infection
1. Infectious Agent
2.Reservoir
3.Exit
4. Transmission
5. Entry
6. Susceptible host
Can be broken at any stage
,1: Agent
Biological agents
Physical agents: heat, cold, pressure, radiation
Chemical agents: Endogenous: from living organism, Exogenous: not from living
organism
Mechanical agents: chronic friction, sprain, dislocation
Social agents: poverty, smoking, abuses
Nutritional agents: carbs, proteins, fats
Excess/not enough of factors needed for health: chromosomal, immunological, lack of
structure, nutritional
1: Infectious Agents - Biological (Pathogens)
Microbes capable of causing host damage
When damage reaches a threshold - can turn into a disease
Complex interaction between pathogen and host - disease
Harmless microbes
, Saprophyte: free-living microbes that live on dead or decaying matter. DON'T CAUSE
DISEASE
Commensal: microbes that live with the host in harmony. DON'T CAUSE DAMAGE
Types of Pathogens
Primary pathogens: cause disease upon infection, not associated with host
Opportunistic pathogens: cause disease under some circumstances, sometimes
members of normal flora
Infectious agents - Bacteria
Single celled organisms (prokaryotes)
All over earth
Some harmful/some helpful
Relatively small number cause disease
Infectious agents - Viruses
Infectious microbe: segment of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat
Can't replicate alone, uses parts of host cells to make copies -- often ends up killing
host cell
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Origin of the word Pathobiology
Ancient Greek:
Pathos: suffering
bios: life
logia: study of
Definition of Pathobiology
Study of the biological aspects of disease (not the medical aspects).
Interdisciplinary: biology, medicine, public health, genetics, anatomy, animal science,
vaccines
Techniques: molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, focus on global health
Careers
Research
Academic
Veterinary
Medicine
Biomedical
Lab
Agriculture/natural resource
,Infection and disease are...
Not the same thing
Infection:
Colonization/invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in the host
with/without manifestation of disease
Disease
Abnormal condition of body function/structure that is harmful to the host
Any change of normal structure/function of any part of the body
Infectious Disease
Results when tissue function is impaired due to invasion/multiplication of pathogen
Clinically evident deviation from health - parasitic relationship between host and
microorganism
Chain of Infection
1. Infectious Agent
2.Reservoir
3.Exit
4. Transmission
5. Entry
6. Susceptible host
Can be broken at any stage
,1: Agent
Biological agents
Physical agents: heat, cold, pressure, radiation
Chemical agents: Endogenous: from living organism, Exogenous: not from living
organism
Mechanical agents: chronic friction, sprain, dislocation
Social agents: poverty, smoking, abuses
Nutritional agents: carbs, proteins, fats
Excess/not enough of factors needed for health: chromosomal, immunological, lack of
structure, nutritional
1: Infectious Agents - Biological (Pathogens)
Microbes capable of causing host damage
When damage reaches a threshold - can turn into a disease
Complex interaction between pathogen and host - disease
Harmless microbes
, Saprophyte: free-living microbes that live on dead or decaying matter. DON'T CAUSE
DISEASE
Commensal: microbes that live with the host in harmony. DON'T CAUSE DAMAGE
Types of Pathogens
Primary pathogens: cause disease upon infection, not associated with host
Opportunistic pathogens: cause disease under some circumstances, sometimes
members of normal flora
Infectious agents - Bacteria
Single celled organisms (prokaryotes)
All over earth
Some harmful/some helpful
Relatively small number cause disease
Infectious agents - Viruses
Infectious microbe: segment of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat
Can't replicate alone, uses parts of host cells to make copies -- often ends up killing
host cell
