HNF 471: LABS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Lab values are used for what?
Used to diagnose, monitor, and evaluate the nutrition intervention's effectiveness
- Usually bloodwork but can also be urine, feces, hair, saliva
(T/F) Its rare to use one lab value to make a diagnosis
true - want to look for trends
plasma vs serum
Plasma has clotting factors such as fibrinogen and serum doesn't
Both are the liquid portion go the blood without the blood cells
(T/F) Labs are influenced by hydration status
True
Overhydration will do what to labs?
Overhydration, as evidenced by edema, will "dilute" values, making some of them
appear lower than they actually are
Dehydration will do what to labs?
Dehydrated, due to vomiting or diarrhea, make some lab values appear higher than they
actually are.
What value can help you assess hydration status?
serum osmolality
positive acute phase respondents
, Increases inflammatory response
CRP and other cytokines
Negative acute phase respondents
decreases when inflammation is high
Albumin, transferrin, prealbumin, RBP
What portion of the PES statement do labs go into?
S/S
BMP (chem 7)
basic metabolic panel
Na, Cl, K, CO2, BUN, creatinine, and glucose - sometimes Ca
BMP: Na levels
levels typically reflect fluid balance rather than sodium balance
Hyper/hyponatremia
Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia may be caused by: vomiting, diarrhea, gastric suction, excessive
perspiration, continuous IV 5% dextrose/water; low sodium diet, burns, inflammatory
reactions, tissue injury, drugs (diuretics)
Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia can mean: dehydration, severe vomiting, diarrhea, CHF, cushing's
disease, hepatic failure, high-sodium diet
Difference between dehydration and hypovolemia
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Lab values are used for what?
Used to diagnose, monitor, and evaluate the nutrition intervention's effectiveness
- Usually bloodwork but can also be urine, feces, hair, saliva
(T/F) Its rare to use one lab value to make a diagnosis
true - want to look for trends
plasma vs serum
Plasma has clotting factors such as fibrinogen and serum doesn't
Both are the liquid portion go the blood without the blood cells
(T/F) Labs are influenced by hydration status
True
Overhydration will do what to labs?
Overhydration, as evidenced by edema, will "dilute" values, making some of them
appear lower than they actually are
Dehydration will do what to labs?
Dehydrated, due to vomiting or diarrhea, make some lab values appear higher than they
actually are.
What value can help you assess hydration status?
serum osmolality
positive acute phase respondents
, Increases inflammatory response
CRP and other cytokines
Negative acute phase respondents
decreases when inflammation is high
Albumin, transferrin, prealbumin, RBP
What portion of the PES statement do labs go into?
S/S
BMP (chem 7)
basic metabolic panel
Na, Cl, K, CO2, BUN, creatinine, and glucose - sometimes Ca
BMP: Na levels
levels typically reflect fluid balance rather than sodium balance
Hyper/hyponatremia
Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia may be caused by: vomiting, diarrhea, gastric suction, excessive
perspiration, continuous IV 5% dextrose/water; low sodium diet, burns, inflammatory
reactions, tissue injury, drugs (diuretics)
Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia can mean: dehydration, severe vomiting, diarrhea, CHF, cushing's
disease, hepatic failure, high-sodium diet
Difference between dehydration and hypovolemia
