HNF 471 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Dietary and behavioral changes to recommend to a patient who would benefit
from weight loss
-Eat out less
-Small changes- slowly decreasing sugar intake-
(Not saying "cut out all sugar")
-Watch out for sugar sweetened beverages
-Replace high fat/high calorie foods with more fruits and veggies
-Eat foods that require more chewing
Ice cream doesn't require much
Peanuts or something crunchy requires more conscious eating
-Listen to hunger ques/your body
-Eat for hunger and fullness
-Avoid technology while eating
-Hydrate: drink lots of water
two systems that help regulate intake
1. Homeostatic :
-Eating driven by caloric deficit, hunger
-Palatability is not very important
2. Hedonic:
,-Eating driven by pleasure
-Palatability is key
satiation
measure of fullness that signals the end of an eating occasion
satiety
measure of time to next eating occasion
T or F:
expected satiety is a better indicator of how much will be eaten than hunger
true
expected satiety
look at amount of food and think about how long it'll be until you eat next, so you guess
how much you need to eat to last you until you can eat again
Orexigenic hormones
(or a lack of anorexigenic hormones) activate NPY/AGRP neurons, and the message to
eat is sent.
Anorexigenic hormones
activate the POMC/CART neurons, and the message to stop eating is sent.
three ways to expend energy
Basal metabolic rate: most comes from this
Thermic effect of food
Physical activity
protein takes the ____ energy to burn, and fat takes the ____ energy to burn
most; least
, Weight maintenance is often defined
as keeping weight off for at least 1 year
individualized diet as MNT for weight loss
1200-1500 kcal/day women; 1500-1800 kcal/day men
OR
Energy deficit of 500-750 kcal/day
OR
An evidence-based diet that restricts certain food types (high-CHO, low-fiber, or high-
fat) to create negative energy balance
Factors associated with higher risk of regain
Decreases in leisure-time physical activity, dietary restraint, and frequency of self-
weighing and
Increases in percentage of energy intake from fat and disinhibition
dietary restraint
practice where people do not eat according to hunger/fullness, but eat to how much
they think they should
disinhibition
willing to eat whenever and whatever
Three ways to expend energy
1. Basal metabolic rate (Most expenditure comes from this)
2. Thermic effect of food
3. Physical activity
MNT for weight loss
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Dietary and behavioral changes to recommend to a patient who would benefit
from weight loss
-Eat out less
-Small changes- slowly decreasing sugar intake-
(Not saying "cut out all sugar")
-Watch out for sugar sweetened beverages
-Replace high fat/high calorie foods with more fruits and veggies
-Eat foods that require more chewing
Ice cream doesn't require much
Peanuts or something crunchy requires more conscious eating
-Listen to hunger ques/your body
-Eat for hunger and fullness
-Avoid technology while eating
-Hydrate: drink lots of water
two systems that help regulate intake
1. Homeostatic :
-Eating driven by caloric deficit, hunger
-Palatability is not very important
2. Hedonic:
,-Eating driven by pleasure
-Palatability is key
satiation
measure of fullness that signals the end of an eating occasion
satiety
measure of time to next eating occasion
T or F:
expected satiety is a better indicator of how much will be eaten than hunger
true
expected satiety
look at amount of food and think about how long it'll be until you eat next, so you guess
how much you need to eat to last you until you can eat again
Orexigenic hormones
(or a lack of anorexigenic hormones) activate NPY/AGRP neurons, and the message to
eat is sent.
Anorexigenic hormones
activate the POMC/CART neurons, and the message to stop eating is sent.
three ways to expend energy
Basal metabolic rate: most comes from this
Thermic effect of food
Physical activity
protein takes the ____ energy to burn, and fat takes the ____ energy to burn
most; least
, Weight maintenance is often defined
as keeping weight off for at least 1 year
individualized diet as MNT for weight loss
1200-1500 kcal/day women; 1500-1800 kcal/day men
OR
Energy deficit of 500-750 kcal/day
OR
An evidence-based diet that restricts certain food types (high-CHO, low-fiber, or high-
fat) to create negative energy balance
Factors associated with higher risk of regain
Decreases in leisure-time physical activity, dietary restraint, and frequency of self-
weighing and
Increases in percentage of energy intake from fat and disinhibition
dietary restraint
practice where people do not eat according to hunger/fullness, but eat to how much
they think they should
disinhibition
willing to eat whenever and whatever
Three ways to expend energy
1. Basal metabolic rate (Most expenditure comes from this)
2. Thermic effect of food
3. Physical activity
MNT for weight loss
