HNF 471 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
what causes petechiae
Vitamin C
what causes ecchymosis
vitamin C
what causes poor skin turgor
dehydration
what causes koilonychia
iron
what causes flag sign
copper
what causes kwashiorkor?
protein
what causes temporal wasting
protein
what causes pale conjunctiva
Iron
what causes bitots spots
Vitamin A
what causes xanthelasma
high cholesterol
,what causes nasolabial seborrhea
B vitamins
what causes marasmus
overall energy deficiency
what causes angular stomatitis/cheilitis
B vitamins
what causes atrophic filiform papillae
Vitamin B12
what causes glossitis
B vitamins
what causes magenta tongue (glossitis)
B vitamins
what causes enlarged parotids/moon face?
protein
what causes osteomalacia
Vitamin D
what causes enlarged thyroid
Iodine
what causes corkscrew hair (menkes syndrome)
copper
what is the diet therapy for pernicious anemia? (B12)
eat a diet high in leafy green vegetables such as kale and spinach
, eat a diet high in protein that includes things like eggs, milk, and meat (all high in
vitamin B12)
neurological changes can be permanent if not treated early on
what is the diet therapy for folate deficiency anemia?
reduce alcohol, consume high folate foods such as liver, spinach, rice, and fortified
breakfast cereals
cannot be fixed without oral supplementation to correct issue before supplementing with
diet
what lab levels indicate iron deficiency anemia?
low hgb and hct
low mean cell volume (microcytic cells)
low ferritin (BIGGEST takeaway)
high transferrin
what is the diet therapy for iron-deficiency anemia?
After additional supplementation/ IV support has been done, eating a diet high in iron
rich foods such as beef, lentils, and spinach to keep levels maintained over time.
what is hyponatremia? what is it caused by?
less sodium, more fluid
may be caused by vomiting, diarrhea, continuous dextrose/water IV 5%, low sodium
diets, and inflammatory reactions
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
what causes petechiae
Vitamin C
what causes ecchymosis
vitamin C
what causes poor skin turgor
dehydration
what causes koilonychia
iron
what causes flag sign
copper
what causes kwashiorkor?
protein
what causes temporal wasting
protein
what causes pale conjunctiva
Iron
what causes bitots spots
Vitamin A
what causes xanthelasma
high cholesterol
,what causes nasolabial seborrhea
B vitamins
what causes marasmus
overall energy deficiency
what causes angular stomatitis/cheilitis
B vitamins
what causes atrophic filiform papillae
Vitamin B12
what causes glossitis
B vitamins
what causes magenta tongue (glossitis)
B vitamins
what causes enlarged parotids/moon face?
protein
what causes osteomalacia
Vitamin D
what causes enlarged thyroid
Iodine
what causes corkscrew hair (menkes syndrome)
copper
what is the diet therapy for pernicious anemia? (B12)
eat a diet high in leafy green vegetables such as kale and spinach
, eat a diet high in protein that includes things like eggs, milk, and meat (all high in
vitamin B12)
neurological changes can be permanent if not treated early on
what is the diet therapy for folate deficiency anemia?
reduce alcohol, consume high folate foods such as liver, spinach, rice, and fortified
breakfast cereals
cannot be fixed without oral supplementation to correct issue before supplementing with
diet
what lab levels indicate iron deficiency anemia?
low hgb and hct
low mean cell volume (microcytic cells)
low ferritin (BIGGEST takeaway)
high transferrin
what is the diet therapy for iron-deficiency anemia?
After additional supplementation/ IV support has been done, eating a diet high in iron
rich foods such as beef, lentils, and spinach to keep levels maintained over time.
what is hyponatremia? what is it caused by?
less sodium, more fluid
may be caused by vomiting, diarrhea, continuous dextrose/water IV 5%, low sodium
diets, and inflammatory reactions
