BIOL 2070 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
What is the Cell Theory?
Cells are the basic unit of life
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
New cells are generated only from preexisting cells
What are the kinds of prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria and Archaea
What are the kinds of Eukaryotic cells?
Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists and other complex unicellular organisms
What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
No nucleus
Ribosomes are free in cytoplasm
Surrounded by an envelope consisting of Inner plasma membrane, Peptidoglycan cell
wall and Lipopolysaccharide outer memebrane
How do Archaea differ from bacteria?
Chemistry of cell walls
type of lipids that make up their movement
range of chemical reactions that can carry out
What are the characteristics of Bacteria?
small, few micrometres long
invisible to the naked eye
,single celled by may join together to form other structures
tough protective cell wall
cell interior has a matrix of varying textures
some do photosynthesis
exploit large range of habitats
What are the characteristics of Eukaryotic cells?
store DNA in the nucleus
Large
Large genome
What is the Plasma Membrane?
selective barrier that separates a cell from its surrounding
What is the Plasma Membrane made up of?
phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins and may be covered in carbohydrates
What does the Plasma Membrane do?
facilities intra and extracellular communication through budding and fusing of vesicles in
the processes of endo and exocytosis
What is the Nucleus?
it contains most of the DNA of the cell
What is the Nucleus made up of?
enclosed within two concentric membranes which forms the nuclear envelope and it is
perforated by nuclear pores
What is the Mitochondria?
, harnesses energy from the oxidation of food molecules to produce usable energy for the
cell (ATP)
How to Mitochondria replicate?
they contain their own DNA and reproduce by dividing
What is the Mitochondria made up of?
enclosed within two membranes, a smooth outer membrane and a highly convoluted
inner membrane
The inner membrane is formed into folds that project into the interior of the organelle
What are Chloroplasts?
large green organelles generally found in plants and algae that capture energy from
sunlight
What do Chloroplasts do?
carry out photosynthesis to trap energy of sunlight and use it to make sugar molecules
and release oxygen as a byproduct
How do Chloroplasts replicate?
they contain their own DNA and reproduce by dividing
What are Chloroplasts made up of?
enclosed within two membranes and also posses internal stacks of membranes that
contain chlorophyll
What is chlorophyll?
green pigment that facilitates energy capture
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
What is the Cell Theory?
Cells are the basic unit of life
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
New cells are generated only from preexisting cells
What are the kinds of prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria and Archaea
What are the kinds of Eukaryotic cells?
Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists and other complex unicellular organisms
What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
No nucleus
Ribosomes are free in cytoplasm
Surrounded by an envelope consisting of Inner plasma membrane, Peptidoglycan cell
wall and Lipopolysaccharide outer memebrane
How do Archaea differ from bacteria?
Chemistry of cell walls
type of lipids that make up their movement
range of chemical reactions that can carry out
What are the characteristics of Bacteria?
small, few micrometres long
invisible to the naked eye
,single celled by may join together to form other structures
tough protective cell wall
cell interior has a matrix of varying textures
some do photosynthesis
exploit large range of habitats
What are the characteristics of Eukaryotic cells?
store DNA in the nucleus
Large
Large genome
What is the Plasma Membrane?
selective barrier that separates a cell from its surrounding
What is the Plasma Membrane made up of?
phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins and may be covered in carbohydrates
What does the Plasma Membrane do?
facilities intra and extracellular communication through budding and fusing of vesicles in
the processes of endo and exocytosis
What is the Nucleus?
it contains most of the DNA of the cell
What is the Nucleus made up of?
enclosed within two concentric membranes which forms the nuclear envelope and it is
perforated by nuclear pores
What is the Mitochondria?
, harnesses energy from the oxidation of food molecules to produce usable energy for the
cell (ATP)
How to Mitochondria replicate?
they contain their own DNA and reproduce by dividing
What is the Mitochondria made up of?
enclosed within two membranes, a smooth outer membrane and a highly convoluted
inner membrane
The inner membrane is formed into folds that project into the interior of the organelle
What are Chloroplasts?
large green organelles generally found in plants and algae that capture energy from
sunlight
What do Chloroplasts do?
carry out photosynthesis to trap energy of sunlight and use it to make sugar molecules
and release oxygen as a byproduct
How do Chloroplasts replicate?
they contain their own DNA and reproduce by dividing
What are Chloroplasts made up of?
enclosed within two membranes and also posses internal stacks of membranes that
contain chlorophyll
What is chlorophyll?
green pigment that facilitates energy capture
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
