HONDROS NUR 163 FINAL EXAM

Fatigue - Subjective Measurement If someone is having trouble sleeping, what intervention could we use? - Encourage pt to go outside, because sunlight helps with melatonin levels What is a intervention for a older adult who is having trouble sleeping because of a constant need to go to the bathroom - Wear depends (adult diapers) A newley admitted patient is having multiple problems. What symptom do you report first? - Breathing What is a primary sexual right? - 2 consenting adults To be effective communicators, nurses must... - Develop awareness of their own values and beliefs and the way they influence their perception of patients' experiences Cultural Competence - A set of behaviors that includes understanding the impact of cultural values and beliefs on human experiences, while maintaining awareness of own cultural values and their effect on the perception of self and others. Circadian - From Latin word "about a day" What is the average amount of sleep needed for people ages 20 to 60 years? - 7.5 hours What body system controls sleep? - Central Nervous System What causes older adults to feel sleepy earlier in the evening and to wake earlier in the morning? Know as "phase advance" - Decreases in melatonin (which regulates the sleep-wake cycle) and growth hormone (which promotes sleep) lead to a shift in circadian rhythm Does sleep efficiency increase with age? - No, sleep efficiency decreases, older adults may complain that they do not feel refreshed after sleep. Does the risk for sleep disorders increase with age? - Yes Nocturnal Movement Disorders - Restless leg syndrome, which is an irresistible urge to move the lower extremities, or nocturnal myoclonus, which causes sudden repetitive jerking or kicking movements of the lower extremities. What is the most effective nonpharmacological therepy for insomnia? - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy What do you teach a UAP who is feeding a patient with trouble swalowing? - Feed them slow, with frequent rest breaks. Lak of tendon reflexes/ deep muscle reflexes is a sign of what? (flaccid) - Hypercalcemia What are the normal calcium levels? - 8.5 to 10 Water Soluble Vitamins - Vitamins B & C (Birth Control) Fat Soluble Vitamins - All- A Dogs-D Eat-E Kibble- K If you overdose on Vitamins A,D,E & K what will happen? - Liver Damage What is the primary prevention for the flu? - Flu Shot If someone is complaining of fatigue, what are some interventions we can tell our patient? - To rest and exercise. What is the Valsalva Maneuever? - Breathing through the mouth during exercise. What is the main cause of stress? - Change What are external physical threats? - Extreme heat or cold, noise, physical trauma What are internal or psychological threats? - Thoughts and feelings What are external social threats? - Job pressure or changeable social relationships Can stress be benificual? - Yes, some stress is normal and necessary. Individual are able to pay attention to detail, to learn and to solve problems Signs someone is experiencing high stress. - Individuals are more likely to complain of fatigue, tension and anxiety. They may appear distracted, irritable, short-tempered, even angry. People living with high stress may have feelings of..... - Poor self-worth or low self-esteem Why are signs of alcohol and drug abuse sometimes missed in the elderly? - They mimic age-related changes such as bone density changes, urinary incontinence, altered sleep patterns, unsteadiness, hypertension, stomach complaints and falls What can prevent illness or improve a person's ability to cope with existing illness. - Decreasing the number of stressors or the level of stress. Problem-focused coping - Attempt to change or eliminate the stressful event or threat. If someone is overcoming any kind of surgery, what is important? - A diet high in protein Is strenuous exercise good for the elderly? - No What does a physical therapist assess for? - Gait, pain and ROM If you have a patient who is bed bound what should you do? - ROM, isometric exercises What is a good exercise for a patient who have osteoporosis? - Wight bearing exercise If someone is in pain and you are trying to do something to improve the pain, what can you do? - Find something that improves the pain by ASKING them Orthostatic Hypotension - When a person stands up, blood pressure drops, person could faint