ATI Metabolism Quiz: Questions & Answers: 100%
Verified: Updated
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing
the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Have an eye examination once per year."
B. "Examine your feet carefully every day."
C. "Wear compression stockings daily."
D. "Maintain stable blood glucose levels." - ANSWERD. "Maintain stable blood
glucose levels."
Keeping blood glucose under control is the client's best protection against long-term
complications of diabetes, since increased blood sugar contributes to neuropathic
disease, and microvascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy, as
well as to macrovascular complications.
A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease
process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the
following responses should the nurse make?
A. "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas."
B. "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland."
C. "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland."
D. "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland." -
ANSWER"It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland."
Addison's disease is caused by a lack of production of the adrenocorticotropic
hormones (cortisol and aldosterone) by the adrenal gland.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for regular insulin and NPH
insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Keep the open vial of insulin at room temperature.
B. Inject the insulin into a large muscle.
C. Aspirate the medication prior to administration.
D. Administer the insulin in two separate injections. - ANSWERA. Keep the open vial
of insulin at room temperature.
The client should keep the vial in use at room temperature to minimize tissue injury
and to reduce the risk for lipodystrophy.
A client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, "Why did I develop
diabetes?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A."Your body is destroying the cells that secrete insulin."
,B. "Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion."
C. "An infection in your pancreas destroyed the cells that make insulin."
D. "Your kidneys are not able to reabsorb water which leads to Type 2 diabetes
mellitus." - ANSWERB. "Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin
secretion."
A client genetically susceptible can develop Type 2 diabetes mellitus when obesity
and physical inactivity lead to insulin resistance at cells as well as decreased
secretion of insulin by pancreatic beta-cells.
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the
following are expected findings? (Select all that apply)
A. Slurred Speech
B. Bone pain
C. Bradypnea
D. Pruritus
E. Hypotension - ANSWERA. Slurred Speech
B. Bone pain
D. Pruritus
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for potassium chloride (KCL) 20
mEq PO daily. The nurse reviews the client's most recent laboratory results and finds
the client's potassium level is 5.2 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A. Give the ordered KCL as prescribed
B. Omit the KCL dose and document it was not given.
C. Call the prescribing physician and inform her of the client's serum potassium level
results.
D. Call the lab to verify the client's results. - ANSWERC. Call the prescribing physician
and inform her of the client's serum potassium level results.
As a potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is above the expected reference range, the nurse
should hold the medication and notify the provider of the client's serum potassium
level.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse expect to perform? (Select all that apply.)
A. Assess blood glucose level
B. Assess for neck vein distention
C. Monitor for an irregular heart rate
D. Monitor for postural hypotension
E. Weigh the client daily - ANSWERA. Assess blood glucose level
B. Assess for neck vein distention
E. Weigh the client daily
, A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cool, clammy skin
C. Vomiting
D. Fruity odor on the client's breath - ANSWERB. Cool, clammy skin
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute
kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse
expect?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypophosphatemia - ANSWERA. Hyperkalemia
AKI is a loss of renal function that results in a failure to maintain homeostasis. Fluid
and electrolyte balance, as well as acid-base balance, are disrupted. The nurse
should expect the client to have hyperkalemia due to protein breakdown and the
subsequent release of intracellular potassium in to the circulation. The kidneys'
inability to filter and excrete potassium results in hyperkalemia.
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that
are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the
client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)
A. Green Beans
B. Tomatoes
C. Bananas
D. Asparagus
E. Raisins - ANSWERB. Tomatoes
C. Bananas
E. Raisins
A nurse observes mild hand tremors in a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take after obtaining a glucose meter reading
of 60 mg/dL?
A. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates.
B. Retest the blood glucose level.
C. Administer 1 mg of glucagon IM.
D. Administer IV dextrose. - ANSWERA. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates.
The first step in preventing the client's blood glucose level from dropping further is
to administer 15 to 20 g of carbohydrates. A client who is awake and can swallow
Verified: Updated
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing
the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Have an eye examination once per year."
B. "Examine your feet carefully every day."
C. "Wear compression stockings daily."
D. "Maintain stable blood glucose levels." - ANSWERD. "Maintain stable blood
glucose levels."
Keeping blood glucose under control is the client's best protection against long-term
complications of diabetes, since increased blood sugar contributes to neuropathic
disease, and microvascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy, as
well as to macrovascular complications.
A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease
process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the
following responses should the nurse make?
A. "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas."
B. "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland."
C. "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland."
D. "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland." -
ANSWER"It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland."
Addison's disease is caused by a lack of production of the adrenocorticotropic
hormones (cortisol and aldosterone) by the adrenal gland.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for regular insulin and NPH
insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Keep the open vial of insulin at room temperature.
B. Inject the insulin into a large muscle.
C. Aspirate the medication prior to administration.
D. Administer the insulin in two separate injections. - ANSWERA. Keep the open vial
of insulin at room temperature.
The client should keep the vial in use at room temperature to minimize tissue injury
and to reduce the risk for lipodystrophy.
A client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, "Why did I develop
diabetes?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A."Your body is destroying the cells that secrete insulin."
,B. "Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion."
C. "An infection in your pancreas destroyed the cells that make insulin."
D. "Your kidneys are not able to reabsorb water which leads to Type 2 diabetes
mellitus." - ANSWERB. "Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin
secretion."
A client genetically susceptible can develop Type 2 diabetes mellitus when obesity
and physical inactivity lead to insulin resistance at cells as well as decreased
secretion of insulin by pancreatic beta-cells.
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the
following are expected findings? (Select all that apply)
A. Slurred Speech
B. Bone pain
C. Bradypnea
D. Pruritus
E. Hypotension - ANSWERA. Slurred Speech
B. Bone pain
D. Pruritus
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for potassium chloride (KCL) 20
mEq PO daily. The nurse reviews the client's most recent laboratory results and finds
the client's potassium level is 5.2 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A. Give the ordered KCL as prescribed
B. Omit the KCL dose and document it was not given.
C. Call the prescribing physician and inform her of the client's serum potassium level
results.
D. Call the lab to verify the client's results. - ANSWERC. Call the prescribing physician
and inform her of the client's serum potassium level results.
As a potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is above the expected reference range, the nurse
should hold the medication and notify the provider of the client's serum potassium
level.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse expect to perform? (Select all that apply.)
A. Assess blood glucose level
B. Assess for neck vein distention
C. Monitor for an irregular heart rate
D. Monitor for postural hypotension
E. Weigh the client daily - ANSWERA. Assess blood glucose level
B. Assess for neck vein distention
E. Weigh the client daily
, A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cool, clammy skin
C. Vomiting
D. Fruity odor on the client's breath - ANSWERB. Cool, clammy skin
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute
kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse
expect?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypophosphatemia - ANSWERA. Hyperkalemia
AKI is a loss of renal function that results in a failure to maintain homeostasis. Fluid
and electrolyte balance, as well as acid-base balance, are disrupted. The nurse
should expect the client to have hyperkalemia due to protein breakdown and the
subsequent release of intracellular potassium in to the circulation. The kidneys'
inability to filter and excrete potassium results in hyperkalemia.
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that
are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the
client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)
A. Green Beans
B. Tomatoes
C. Bananas
D. Asparagus
E. Raisins - ANSWERB. Tomatoes
C. Bananas
E. Raisins
A nurse observes mild hand tremors in a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take after obtaining a glucose meter reading
of 60 mg/dL?
A. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates.
B. Retest the blood glucose level.
C. Administer 1 mg of glucagon IM.
D. Administer IV dextrose. - ANSWERA. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates.
The first step in preventing the client's blood glucose level from dropping further is
to administer 15 to 20 g of carbohydrates. A client who is awake and can swallow
