NAFC PERSONAL TRAINING EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
Muscle Imbalance
Dorsiflexion
backward flexion (bending), as of the hand or foot. This can also be described as
bending in the direction of the dorsum. (dorsum = upper surface = "superior" surface,
i.e. the surface of the foot or hand that includes the toe nails or finger nails).
Abduction
any motion of the limbs or other body parts that pulls away from the mid-line of the
body.
Adduction
the movement of a body part toward the body's mid-line.
Neuron
the functional unit of the nervous system.
Subjective Information
Information gathered from a client that includes their occupation, lifestyle and medical
backround
The main function of the Soleus Muscle
To stabilize the ankle joint
Objective Information
measurable data regarding a clients physical state such as body composition,
movement assessments and cardiorespiratory ability
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when the knees move inward?
Adductor complex, biceps femoris (short head), tensor fascia latae, vastus lateralis
Adductor Complex
What are three methods of assessing body fat percentage?
Underwater weighing, bioelectrical impedance, and skin-fold measurements
What is the BMI range for a person who has a very high risk of disease?
35.0-39.99
Name the class of medication that decreases heart rate and blood pressure
Beta-Blockers
What is an indicator that a female client's ankle complex will be in a plantar flexed
position for extended periods of time based on occupation?
Wearing dress shoes (high heels)
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when the client's arms fall forward?
Latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major/minor
Name three postural distortion patterns that might be seen during a static
postural assessment.
Pronation distortion syndrome, lower crossed syndrome, upper crossed syndrome
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when the low back arches?
, Hip flexor complex, erector spinae, latissimus dorsi
During a Pushing assessment, what are the probable overactive muscles when a
client's shoulders elevate and/or the head moves forward?
Upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and levator scapulae
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when there is an excessive forward lean?
Soleus, gastrocnemius, hip flexor complex, abdominal complex
What are the probable underactive muscles when a client's arms fall forward
during an Overhead Squat Assessment?
Middle/lower trapezius, rhomboids, rotator cuff
What are the probable underactive muscles when a client's knees move inward
during an Overhead Squat Assessment?
Gluteus medius/maximus, vastus medialis oblique
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable underactive
muscles if a client's feet turn out?
Medial gastrocnemius, medial hamstring complex, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus
Name the structures that make up the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC).
Lumbar spine, pelvic girdle, abdomen, and hip joint
Dysfunction within the connective tissue of the kinetic chain that is treated by the
body as an injury, initiating this repair process.
Cumulative injury cycle
Law stating that soft tissue models along the lines of stress.
Davis's law
Name four core-strength exercises.
Ball Crunch, Back Extensions, Reverse Crunch, Cable Rotations
Exercises in the core-stabilization level are identified through these
characteristics.
They involve little motion through the spine and pelvis
The type of flexibility training that applies gentle force to an adhesion, altering the
elastic muscle fibers from a bundled position to a straighter alignment with the
direction of the muscle and/or fascia.
Self-myofascial release
Referred to as a co-contraction of global muscles, such as the rectus abdominis,
external obliques, and quadratus lumborum.
Bracing
What are four common ways a stressor causes breakdown or injury?
Stress fractures, muscle strains, joint pain, emotional fatigue
Name four core-stabilization exercises.
Marching, Floor Bridge, Floor Prone Cobra, Prone Iso-abs
It is critical that the core training program is designed to achieve these three
functional outcomes in the right order.
1. Intervertebral stability, 2. Lumbo-pelvic stability, 3. Movement efficiency
What are the proper frontside mechanics during sprinting?
Ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, hip flexion, and neutral pelvis
The ability to accelerate, decelerate, stabilize, and change direction quickly, while
maintaining proper posture.
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
Muscle Imbalance
Dorsiflexion
backward flexion (bending), as of the hand or foot. This can also be described as
bending in the direction of the dorsum. (dorsum = upper surface = "superior" surface,
i.e. the surface of the foot or hand that includes the toe nails or finger nails).
Abduction
any motion of the limbs or other body parts that pulls away from the mid-line of the
body.
Adduction
the movement of a body part toward the body's mid-line.
Neuron
the functional unit of the nervous system.
Subjective Information
Information gathered from a client that includes their occupation, lifestyle and medical
backround
The main function of the Soleus Muscle
To stabilize the ankle joint
Objective Information
measurable data regarding a clients physical state such as body composition,
movement assessments and cardiorespiratory ability
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when the knees move inward?
Adductor complex, biceps femoris (short head), tensor fascia latae, vastus lateralis
Adductor Complex
What are three methods of assessing body fat percentage?
Underwater weighing, bioelectrical impedance, and skin-fold measurements
What is the BMI range for a person who has a very high risk of disease?
35.0-39.99
Name the class of medication that decreases heart rate and blood pressure
Beta-Blockers
What is an indicator that a female client's ankle complex will be in a plantar flexed
position for extended periods of time based on occupation?
Wearing dress shoes (high heels)
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when the client's arms fall forward?
Latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major/minor
Name three postural distortion patterns that might be seen during a static
postural assessment.
Pronation distortion syndrome, lower crossed syndrome, upper crossed syndrome
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when the low back arches?
, Hip flexor complex, erector spinae, latissimus dorsi
During a Pushing assessment, what are the probable overactive muscles when a
client's shoulders elevate and/or the head moves forward?
Upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and levator scapulae
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable overactive
muscles when there is an excessive forward lean?
Soleus, gastrocnemius, hip flexor complex, abdominal complex
What are the probable underactive muscles when a client's arms fall forward
during an Overhead Squat Assessment?
Middle/lower trapezius, rhomboids, rotator cuff
What are the probable underactive muscles when a client's knees move inward
during an Overhead Squat Assessment?
Gluteus medius/maximus, vastus medialis oblique
During an Overhead Squat assessment, what are the probable underactive
muscles if a client's feet turn out?
Medial gastrocnemius, medial hamstring complex, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus
Name the structures that make up the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC).
Lumbar spine, pelvic girdle, abdomen, and hip joint
Dysfunction within the connective tissue of the kinetic chain that is treated by the
body as an injury, initiating this repair process.
Cumulative injury cycle
Law stating that soft tissue models along the lines of stress.
Davis's law
Name four core-strength exercises.
Ball Crunch, Back Extensions, Reverse Crunch, Cable Rotations
Exercises in the core-stabilization level are identified through these
characteristics.
They involve little motion through the spine and pelvis
The type of flexibility training that applies gentle force to an adhesion, altering the
elastic muscle fibers from a bundled position to a straighter alignment with the
direction of the muscle and/or fascia.
Self-myofascial release
Referred to as a co-contraction of global muscles, such as the rectus abdominis,
external obliques, and quadratus lumborum.
Bracing
What are four common ways a stressor causes breakdown or injury?
Stress fractures, muscle strains, joint pain, emotional fatigue
Name four core-stabilization exercises.
Marching, Floor Bridge, Floor Prone Cobra, Prone Iso-abs
It is critical that the core training program is designed to achieve these three
functional outcomes in the right order.
1. Intervertebral stability, 2. Lumbo-pelvic stability, 3. Movement efficiency
What are the proper frontside mechanics during sprinting?
Ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, hip flexion, and neutral pelvis
The ability to accelerate, decelerate, stabilize, and change direction quickly, while
maintaining proper posture.
