PERSONAL TRAINING EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
what are the exercise considerations for people w/ cardiac conditions?
1. emphasize self-monitoring for intensity
2. avoid rapid change from laying down to standing
3. avoid valsalva maneuver
4. avoid isometric exercises(rise in BP)
What is the first objective in phase 1 for stability and mobility training in
programming?
To reestablish appropriate levels of stability and mobility
What is center of mass(COM)
point where weight is evenly distributed
For the first phase, what should be the first region prioritized?
The lumbar region
What other regions should be then focused on after the lumbar spine?
Lumbar spine--->pelvis and thoracic spine--->scapulothoracic spine--->glenohumeral
joint
Lumbar-stable
Pelvis and thoraci-Mobile
Scapulothoracic- stable
Glenohumeral-Mobile
Then DISTAL regions
What is the importance of improving the three regions first before going to distal
regions?
Compromises existing stability; when a joint lacks stability, many muscles normally
mobilize that joint may need to alter their true functions to provide stability which leads
to increase the potential for dysfunctional movement and injury
Type 1 muscles
stability
Type 2 muscles
mobility
What is self-myofascial release?
stretching of the muscle with a foam roller
What exercises make up the proximal stability: core function for lumbar area?
1. Supine drawing in
2. Quadruped Drawing-in with extremity movement
mobility or stability? glenohumeral
mobility
mobility or stability? scapulothoracic
stability
mobility or stability? thoracic spine
,mobility
mobility or stability? lumbar spine
stability
mobility or stability? hip
mobility
mobility or stability? knee
stability
mobility or stability? ankle
mobility
mobility or stability? foot
stability
As the agonist muscle shortens, what does the antagonist muscle do?
lengthen
What is a sarcomere?
the basic functioning unit of the myofibril that contains the contractile proteins that
generate skeletal muscle movements
What is myofibril?
portion of muscle that gives the striated appearance to skeletal muscle
How is a neutral pelvis achieved?
by opposing force couples between 4 muscle groups
In neutral pelvis, rectus abdominis is opposite of
hip flexors
In neutral pelvis, hamstrings are opposite of
erector spinae
At the glenhumeral joint, what is a force-couple?
deltoid and rotator cuff muscles during abduction
What is reciprocal inhibition?
when hypertonic muscles decrease the neural drive to the opposing muscle
what can a tight hip flexor do?
inhibit and weaken the butt so that the hamstrings try to help and can get injured in hip
extension
What is synergistic dominance?
ex: when the hamstrings try to help with hip abduction because the glutes are
weakened from tight hip flexors; the hamstrings become the prime mover
What proximal region of the body encompasses the body's COM and core?
(center of mass)
lumbar spine
What is the order of phase 1: stability and mobility training?
start with core and lumbar spine, then pelvic and thoracic and scapulae and eventually
when stable, extremities
Proximal stability facilitates what?
distal stability
If a client shows a lack of trunk stability during hurdle step test, what is the
problem?
lack of core function
If a client shows anterior pelvic tilt, what may be the problem?
, tight hip flexors
What are is part of collecting forms that are health-history documents that are
typically collected at the initiation of enrollment.
Pre-Participation Screening
what is a written statement signed by a participant prior to testing that informs
him or her of testing purposes, process and all potential risks and discomforts?
Informed Consent
what is considered legal responsibility?
Liability
What are conditions are coronary heat disease and hypertension?
Cardiac Conditions
what refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system?
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
What is the results from the development of atherosclerosis in the coronary
arteries?
Coronary Heat Disease
what is a specific form of characterized by the accumulation of fatty material on
the inner walls of the arteries, causing them to harden, thicken, and lose
elasticity?
atherosclerosis
what is a decrease in the blood supply to a body organ, tissue, or part caused by
constriction or obstruction of the blood vessels?
ischemia
What is an episode is which some of the heart's blood supply is severely cut off
or restricted, causing the heart muscle to suffer and die from lack of oxygen?
myocardial infraction (MI)
what is defined as systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood
pressure (DBP) of >90 mmHg?
Hypertension
what are the most common pulmonary conditions?
Asthma and Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
What is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes airflow
obstruction characterized by varying degrees of difficulty breathing, wheezing,
coughing, and chest tightness.
Asthma
Rest and Relax, Take Medication, Drink Warm liquid and Emergency Care are
steps for what?
Steps for Managing an Asthma Attack
what are pursed lip and diaphragmatic techniques of?
breathing techniques
what is shown to increase tidal volume and reduce respiratory rate in individuals
with asthma?
Pursed-Lip Breathing
What can be used to help asthma suffers improve breathing capacity?
Diaphragmatic Breathing
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
what are the exercise considerations for people w/ cardiac conditions?
1. emphasize self-monitoring for intensity
2. avoid rapid change from laying down to standing
3. avoid valsalva maneuver
4. avoid isometric exercises(rise in BP)
What is the first objective in phase 1 for stability and mobility training in
programming?
To reestablish appropriate levels of stability and mobility
What is center of mass(COM)
point where weight is evenly distributed
For the first phase, what should be the first region prioritized?
The lumbar region
What other regions should be then focused on after the lumbar spine?
Lumbar spine--->pelvis and thoracic spine--->scapulothoracic spine--->glenohumeral
joint
Lumbar-stable
Pelvis and thoraci-Mobile
Scapulothoracic- stable
Glenohumeral-Mobile
Then DISTAL regions
What is the importance of improving the three regions first before going to distal
regions?
Compromises existing stability; when a joint lacks stability, many muscles normally
mobilize that joint may need to alter their true functions to provide stability which leads
to increase the potential for dysfunctional movement and injury
Type 1 muscles
stability
Type 2 muscles
mobility
What is self-myofascial release?
stretching of the muscle with a foam roller
What exercises make up the proximal stability: core function for lumbar area?
1. Supine drawing in
2. Quadruped Drawing-in with extremity movement
mobility or stability? glenohumeral
mobility
mobility or stability? scapulothoracic
stability
mobility or stability? thoracic spine
,mobility
mobility or stability? lumbar spine
stability
mobility or stability? hip
mobility
mobility or stability? knee
stability
mobility or stability? ankle
mobility
mobility or stability? foot
stability
As the agonist muscle shortens, what does the antagonist muscle do?
lengthen
What is a sarcomere?
the basic functioning unit of the myofibril that contains the contractile proteins that
generate skeletal muscle movements
What is myofibril?
portion of muscle that gives the striated appearance to skeletal muscle
How is a neutral pelvis achieved?
by opposing force couples between 4 muscle groups
In neutral pelvis, rectus abdominis is opposite of
hip flexors
In neutral pelvis, hamstrings are opposite of
erector spinae
At the glenhumeral joint, what is a force-couple?
deltoid and rotator cuff muscles during abduction
What is reciprocal inhibition?
when hypertonic muscles decrease the neural drive to the opposing muscle
what can a tight hip flexor do?
inhibit and weaken the butt so that the hamstrings try to help and can get injured in hip
extension
What is synergistic dominance?
ex: when the hamstrings try to help with hip abduction because the glutes are
weakened from tight hip flexors; the hamstrings become the prime mover
What proximal region of the body encompasses the body's COM and core?
(center of mass)
lumbar spine
What is the order of phase 1: stability and mobility training?
start with core and lumbar spine, then pelvic and thoracic and scapulae and eventually
when stable, extremities
Proximal stability facilitates what?
distal stability
If a client shows a lack of trunk stability during hurdle step test, what is the
problem?
lack of core function
If a client shows anterior pelvic tilt, what may be the problem?
, tight hip flexors
What are is part of collecting forms that are health-history documents that are
typically collected at the initiation of enrollment.
Pre-Participation Screening
what is a written statement signed by a participant prior to testing that informs
him or her of testing purposes, process and all potential risks and discomforts?
Informed Consent
what is considered legal responsibility?
Liability
What are conditions are coronary heat disease and hypertension?
Cardiac Conditions
what refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system?
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
What is the results from the development of atherosclerosis in the coronary
arteries?
Coronary Heat Disease
what is a specific form of characterized by the accumulation of fatty material on
the inner walls of the arteries, causing them to harden, thicken, and lose
elasticity?
atherosclerosis
what is a decrease in the blood supply to a body organ, tissue, or part caused by
constriction or obstruction of the blood vessels?
ischemia
What is an episode is which some of the heart's blood supply is severely cut off
or restricted, causing the heart muscle to suffer and die from lack of oxygen?
myocardial infraction (MI)
what is defined as systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood
pressure (DBP) of >90 mmHg?
Hypertension
what are the most common pulmonary conditions?
Asthma and Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
What is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes airflow
obstruction characterized by varying degrees of difficulty breathing, wheezing,
coughing, and chest tightness.
Asthma
Rest and Relax, Take Medication, Drink Warm liquid and Emergency Care are
steps for what?
Steps for Managing an Asthma Attack
what are pursed lip and diaphragmatic techniques of?
breathing techniques
what is shown to increase tidal volume and reduce respiratory rate in individuals
with asthma?
Pursed-Lip Breathing
What can be used to help asthma suffers improve breathing capacity?
Diaphragmatic Breathing
