CPDT Study Questions. Terry Ryan, Sophia Yin, Pryor,
Reid: Questions & Answers
Canis Lupis - ANSWERWolf - most probably ancestor of dog
Canis Familiaris - ANSWERDog - became its own species after some (gray) wolves
became domesticated and branched off between 80,000 to 130,000 years ago
Reclassification of Dog - ANSWERCanis Familiaris to Canis Lupus Familiaris : both dog
& wolf fall under genetic umbrella of the gray wolf Canis Lupus
Dog as subspecies of gray wolf
Symbiotic relationship btw. Dispersing wolves and humans - ANSWERDispersed
wolves scavenges around groups of humans
And
Humans use wolves as a rage clean up and for alerting group to danger
Early wild proto-dogs adopt humans - ANSWERHumans provided niche - villages
proto-dogs invaded villages & aired new food source
Model - dogs evolved by natural selection
Tame - ANSWERAnimals can be tamed by patient handling & socialization & can be
done in animal's lifetime
P.18 tame a wolf by decreasing flight distance & increasing tolerance to humans over
one lifespan
Domestication - ANSWERAnimals can only be domesticated over many generations
of selective breeding
P.18 Happens over many generations
Dr. Belayed & Silver Foxes - ANSWERRussian experiment in 1959 on a fur farm w/
silver foxes
Purpose: breed foxes tame enough to be handled by farm workers
Took 18 generations, foxes also developed physical changes
Ex. Curly tails, drooping ears, barking, play behavior
Neoteny - ANSWERScientific term for the retention of juvenile traits by adults
- Includes morphological traits (looks, form, structure)
- behavioral traits (actions & response to stimuli)
, Wolf/Dog Hybrids - ANSWER- Retain motivation for predatory behavior
- Effectiveness of current rabies vaccines is under debate
- Wolf as a pet is an animal out of context
Phylogenetic Behavior - ANSWERPhylogeny is the evolutionary history of an
organism
- Behaviors common to dogs as a species
- They hav evolutionary significance
- Can be modified
Categories of Canine Behavior - ANSWERPhylogenetic Behavior
1. Food Acquisition
2. Hazard Avoidance/ Safety, Comfort Seeking
3. Reproductive Behaviors
Food Acquisition Sequence - ANSWER1) Hear/See/Smell the prey. 2)
Orient/Stare/Freeze. 3) Creep/Stalk/Run. 4) Grab/Hold/Shake. 5) Bring down. 6) Kill.
7) Dismember. 8) Eat. 9) Guard
Fixed Action Patterns - ANSWERSpecific examples of phylogenies (innate) behavior
- A particular trigger is needed to start the behavior
- Pattern needs to be completed before animal can stop
Ontogenetic Behavior - ANSWERBehaviors that develop over a lifetime of an
individual dog
Behavior is a response to environmental influences
Specific to individual dogs
Nature vs. Nurture - ANSWERBoth genetics & environmental factors affect behavior
Instinctive Drift: The Breland Effect - ANSWERGeneral principle is that wherever an
animal has strong instinctive behavior. The organism will drif toward the instinctive
behavior to the detriment of the conditioned behavior. *Compulsive urge
Critical Periods - ANSWERCritical periods take place between 3-16 wks of age.
Pup has greatest capacity to learn particular skills & responses including the forming
of appropriate social relationships w/ ppl & dogs
- Experience can have a greater influence on development
Maturity of Dogs - ANSWERDogs are capable of breeding as early as 6 months
May not behaviorally mature until 1-2 yrs old
Reid: Questions & Answers
Canis Lupis - ANSWERWolf - most probably ancestor of dog
Canis Familiaris - ANSWERDog - became its own species after some (gray) wolves
became domesticated and branched off between 80,000 to 130,000 years ago
Reclassification of Dog - ANSWERCanis Familiaris to Canis Lupus Familiaris : both dog
& wolf fall under genetic umbrella of the gray wolf Canis Lupus
Dog as subspecies of gray wolf
Symbiotic relationship btw. Dispersing wolves and humans - ANSWERDispersed
wolves scavenges around groups of humans
And
Humans use wolves as a rage clean up and for alerting group to danger
Early wild proto-dogs adopt humans - ANSWERHumans provided niche - villages
proto-dogs invaded villages & aired new food source
Model - dogs evolved by natural selection
Tame - ANSWERAnimals can be tamed by patient handling & socialization & can be
done in animal's lifetime
P.18 tame a wolf by decreasing flight distance & increasing tolerance to humans over
one lifespan
Domestication - ANSWERAnimals can only be domesticated over many generations
of selective breeding
P.18 Happens over many generations
Dr. Belayed & Silver Foxes - ANSWERRussian experiment in 1959 on a fur farm w/
silver foxes
Purpose: breed foxes tame enough to be handled by farm workers
Took 18 generations, foxes also developed physical changes
Ex. Curly tails, drooping ears, barking, play behavior
Neoteny - ANSWERScientific term for the retention of juvenile traits by adults
- Includes morphological traits (looks, form, structure)
- behavioral traits (actions & response to stimuli)
, Wolf/Dog Hybrids - ANSWER- Retain motivation for predatory behavior
- Effectiveness of current rabies vaccines is under debate
- Wolf as a pet is an animal out of context
Phylogenetic Behavior - ANSWERPhylogeny is the evolutionary history of an
organism
- Behaviors common to dogs as a species
- They hav evolutionary significance
- Can be modified
Categories of Canine Behavior - ANSWERPhylogenetic Behavior
1. Food Acquisition
2. Hazard Avoidance/ Safety, Comfort Seeking
3. Reproductive Behaviors
Food Acquisition Sequence - ANSWER1) Hear/See/Smell the prey. 2)
Orient/Stare/Freeze. 3) Creep/Stalk/Run. 4) Grab/Hold/Shake. 5) Bring down. 6) Kill.
7) Dismember. 8) Eat. 9) Guard
Fixed Action Patterns - ANSWERSpecific examples of phylogenies (innate) behavior
- A particular trigger is needed to start the behavior
- Pattern needs to be completed before animal can stop
Ontogenetic Behavior - ANSWERBehaviors that develop over a lifetime of an
individual dog
Behavior is a response to environmental influences
Specific to individual dogs
Nature vs. Nurture - ANSWERBoth genetics & environmental factors affect behavior
Instinctive Drift: The Breland Effect - ANSWERGeneral principle is that wherever an
animal has strong instinctive behavior. The organism will drif toward the instinctive
behavior to the detriment of the conditioned behavior. *Compulsive urge
Critical Periods - ANSWERCritical periods take place between 3-16 wks of age.
Pup has greatest capacity to learn particular skills & responses including the forming
of appropriate social relationships w/ ppl & dogs
- Experience can have a greater influence on development
Maturity of Dogs - ANSWERDogs are capable of breeding as early as 6 months
May not behaviorally mature until 1-2 yrs old
