NUR 152 Exam 2 (Weeks 4-6): Updated A+ Guide
Solution
Sensation of urge to void - ANSWER150mL-200mL
Normal void frequency - ANSWERevery 3-4 hours
Normal amount of urine each void - ANSWER250mL-400mL
Normal daily output - ANSWER1,200mL-1,500mL
Factors that affect color of urine - ANSWERmedications, dehydration, infection, etc.
Factors that affect frequency - ANSWERpregnancy, ETOH, caffeine, infection, cystitis
Functional incontinence - ANSWERbased on physical factors i.e. environment,
emotions, conditions
Reflux incontinence - ANSWERinvoluntary urination due to spinal cord injury
Stress incontinence - ANSWERurination due to increased abdominal pressure
Urge incontinence - ANSWERbladder's incapability to hold urine in, also "overactive
bladder"
Total incontinence - ANSWERcan be related to neurological disorders
Bolus - ANSWERfood before it reaches the stomach
Chyme - ANSWERfood after it leaves the stomach
Mesentary - ANSWERholds digestive organs up
Radiological study for upper GI - ANSWERBarium swallow
Radiological study for lower GI - ANSWERBarium enema
Abdominal ultrasound - ANSWERchecks for tumors, masses, ascites
liver function tests - ANSWERserum bilirubin, serem protein, ALT, AST
Pancreatic function tests - ANSWERserum amylase & lipase. (both should be low,
high indicates problem)
, Etiology/ PathPhys. of diarrhea - ANSWERdecreased fluid absorption(laxatives,
enzyme deficiency), increased fluid secretion(infectious/ hormonal), motility
disturbance (IBS, dumping syndrome)
Clinical manifestations of diarrhea - ANSWERfever, vomitting, cramping, pain, liquid
stool, weakness
Dx studies for diarrhea - ANSWERstool (blood, WBC, O&P, mucus) CBC, H&H, BUN,
upper & lower GI studies
Elevated H&H, BUN indicates? - ANSWERdehydration
Nursing management of diarrhea - ANSWERF&E replacement, avoid GI irritants
(spicy, acidic), antibiotics, DO NOT ADMINISTER ANTIDIARRHEA MEDS W/
INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA
C. Dif - ANSWER-take caution immunocomp. elderly
-overuse of antbx. kills normal flora & c. Dif takes over
-once you have it, you're high risk for it again if you take ants again
s/sx of c. Dif - ANSWERliquid stool, cramping, fever, odorous stool
tx. of c. Dif - ANSWERantibiotics (2)
stool transplant
Etiology/ PathPhys. of Fecal Incontinence - ANSWER-sensory/ motor impairment
-ob. trauma
Risk factors of fecal incontinence - ANSWERfecal impaction
constipation
nursing management of fecal incontinence - ANSWER-asses LOC, bowel habits, LBM,
characteristics of stool
-bowel training
Bowel training - ANSWER-same time daily
-after breakfast(this is when most people have to go)
When should a suppository be administered? - ANSWER15-30 min. prior to expected
BM
make sure to asses skin perineal skin
Nursing diagnosis of fecal incontinence - ANSWER-bowel incontinence
-self care deficit
Planning of fecal incontinence care - ANSWER-restore normal control of bowels
-maintain skin integrity
Solution
Sensation of urge to void - ANSWER150mL-200mL
Normal void frequency - ANSWERevery 3-4 hours
Normal amount of urine each void - ANSWER250mL-400mL
Normal daily output - ANSWER1,200mL-1,500mL
Factors that affect color of urine - ANSWERmedications, dehydration, infection, etc.
Factors that affect frequency - ANSWERpregnancy, ETOH, caffeine, infection, cystitis
Functional incontinence - ANSWERbased on physical factors i.e. environment,
emotions, conditions
Reflux incontinence - ANSWERinvoluntary urination due to spinal cord injury
Stress incontinence - ANSWERurination due to increased abdominal pressure
Urge incontinence - ANSWERbladder's incapability to hold urine in, also "overactive
bladder"
Total incontinence - ANSWERcan be related to neurological disorders
Bolus - ANSWERfood before it reaches the stomach
Chyme - ANSWERfood after it leaves the stomach
Mesentary - ANSWERholds digestive organs up
Radiological study for upper GI - ANSWERBarium swallow
Radiological study for lower GI - ANSWERBarium enema
Abdominal ultrasound - ANSWERchecks for tumors, masses, ascites
liver function tests - ANSWERserum bilirubin, serem protein, ALT, AST
Pancreatic function tests - ANSWERserum amylase & lipase. (both should be low,
high indicates problem)
, Etiology/ PathPhys. of diarrhea - ANSWERdecreased fluid absorption(laxatives,
enzyme deficiency), increased fluid secretion(infectious/ hormonal), motility
disturbance (IBS, dumping syndrome)
Clinical manifestations of diarrhea - ANSWERfever, vomitting, cramping, pain, liquid
stool, weakness
Dx studies for diarrhea - ANSWERstool (blood, WBC, O&P, mucus) CBC, H&H, BUN,
upper & lower GI studies
Elevated H&H, BUN indicates? - ANSWERdehydration
Nursing management of diarrhea - ANSWERF&E replacement, avoid GI irritants
(spicy, acidic), antibiotics, DO NOT ADMINISTER ANTIDIARRHEA MEDS W/
INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA
C. Dif - ANSWER-take caution immunocomp. elderly
-overuse of antbx. kills normal flora & c. Dif takes over
-once you have it, you're high risk for it again if you take ants again
s/sx of c. Dif - ANSWERliquid stool, cramping, fever, odorous stool
tx. of c. Dif - ANSWERantibiotics (2)
stool transplant
Etiology/ PathPhys. of Fecal Incontinence - ANSWER-sensory/ motor impairment
-ob. trauma
Risk factors of fecal incontinence - ANSWERfecal impaction
constipation
nursing management of fecal incontinence - ANSWER-asses LOC, bowel habits, LBM,
characteristics of stool
-bowel training
Bowel training - ANSWER-same time daily
-after breakfast(this is when most people have to go)
When should a suppository be administered? - ANSWER15-30 min. prior to expected
BM
make sure to asses skin perineal skin
Nursing diagnosis of fecal incontinence - ANSWER-bowel incontinence
-self care deficit
Planning of fecal incontinence care - ANSWER-restore normal control of bowels
-maintain skin integrity
