ENA Renal and Genitourinary Emergencies Questions
Answered 100% Correct
1. Which of the following statements regarding the renal system is correct?
A) Urinary tract infections are more prevalent in men.
B) The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space.
C) Urinary tract infections are the most common renal disease.
D) The urethra transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1161
2. The renal _______ is the middle layer of the kidney and includes the renal
pyramids.
A) cortex
B) medulla
C) calyces
D) capsule - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1162
3. The main filter for blood in the kidney is the:
A) hilus.
B) calyces.
C) renal pyramid.
D) glomerulus. - ANSWERAns: D
Page: 1162
4. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the:
A) nephron.
B) medulla.
C) renal cortex.
D) podocyte. - ANSWERAns: A
Page: 1162
5. The glomerular filtration rate is defined as the:
A) percentage of filtrate that remains in the kidneys.
B) amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys per minute.
C) volume of blood that flows through the kidneys per minute.
D) pressure in the glomerulus that forces filtrate from the blood. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1163
6. As the filtrate passes through the rest of the nephron, tubular reabsorption and
tubular secretion convert it to:
A) salt.
B) water.
C) urine.
D) glucose. - ANSWERAns: C
Page: 1163
, 7. After the cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule remove all organic nutrients,
plasma proteins, and ions from the filtrate, additional reabsorption of water and
electrolytes occurs in the:
A) glomerulus.
B) macula densa.
C) loop of Henle.
D) distal convoluted tubule. - ANSWERAns: C
Page: 1163
8. When triggered by changes in the blood pressure, the juxtaglomerular cells
release:
A) renin.
B) aldosterone.
C) angiotensin I.
D) angiotensinogen. - ANSWERAns: A
Page: 1163
9. Angiotensin II:
A) relaxes smooth muscle.
B) decreases sodium reabsorption.
C) decreases blood pressure.
D) is a potent vasoconstrictor. - ANSWERAns: D
Page: 1163
10. When the solute concentration of the blood increases:
A) water is excreted from the body by the kidneys.
B) antidiuretic hormone is released into the bloodstream.
C) the release of angiotensin II causes the blood pressure to fall.
D) the distal convoluted tubule becomes less permeable to water. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1164
11. Aldosterone produces all of the following physiologic effects, EXCEPT:
A) increased water reabsorption by the kidneys.
B) retention of potassium ions in the body.
C) increased sodium and chloride reabsorption.
D) decreased reabsorption of potassium ions. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1164
12. Furosemide (Lasix) causes diuresis by:
A) increasing circulating blood glucose.
B) converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
C) inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
D) inhibiting the production of antidiuretic hormone. - ANSWERAns: C
Page: 1164
13. Diuril would MOST likely be prescribed to a patient with:
Answered 100% Correct
1. Which of the following statements regarding the renal system is correct?
A) Urinary tract infections are more prevalent in men.
B) The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space.
C) Urinary tract infections are the most common renal disease.
D) The urethra transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1161
2. The renal _______ is the middle layer of the kidney and includes the renal
pyramids.
A) cortex
B) medulla
C) calyces
D) capsule - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1162
3. The main filter for blood in the kidney is the:
A) hilus.
B) calyces.
C) renal pyramid.
D) glomerulus. - ANSWERAns: D
Page: 1162
4. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the:
A) nephron.
B) medulla.
C) renal cortex.
D) podocyte. - ANSWERAns: A
Page: 1162
5. The glomerular filtration rate is defined as the:
A) percentage of filtrate that remains in the kidneys.
B) amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys per minute.
C) volume of blood that flows through the kidneys per minute.
D) pressure in the glomerulus that forces filtrate from the blood. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1163
6. As the filtrate passes through the rest of the nephron, tubular reabsorption and
tubular secretion convert it to:
A) salt.
B) water.
C) urine.
D) glucose. - ANSWERAns: C
Page: 1163
, 7. After the cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule remove all organic nutrients,
plasma proteins, and ions from the filtrate, additional reabsorption of water and
electrolytes occurs in the:
A) glomerulus.
B) macula densa.
C) loop of Henle.
D) distal convoluted tubule. - ANSWERAns: C
Page: 1163
8. When triggered by changes in the blood pressure, the juxtaglomerular cells
release:
A) renin.
B) aldosterone.
C) angiotensin I.
D) angiotensinogen. - ANSWERAns: A
Page: 1163
9. Angiotensin II:
A) relaxes smooth muscle.
B) decreases sodium reabsorption.
C) decreases blood pressure.
D) is a potent vasoconstrictor. - ANSWERAns: D
Page: 1163
10. When the solute concentration of the blood increases:
A) water is excreted from the body by the kidneys.
B) antidiuretic hormone is released into the bloodstream.
C) the release of angiotensin II causes the blood pressure to fall.
D) the distal convoluted tubule becomes less permeable to water. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1164
11. Aldosterone produces all of the following physiologic effects, EXCEPT:
A) increased water reabsorption by the kidneys.
B) retention of potassium ions in the body.
C) increased sodium and chloride reabsorption.
D) decreased reabsorption of potassium ions. - ANSWERAns: B
Page: 1164
12. Furosemide (Lasix) causes diuresis by:
A) increasing circulating blood glucose.
B) converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
C) inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
D) inhibiting the production of antidiuretic hormone. - ANSWERAns: C
Page: 1164
13. Diuril would MOST likely be prescribed to a patient with:
