ABO OPTICAL EXAM 100% Correct Questions and
Answers (American Board of Opticianry)
Aberration - ANSWERDeviation from a single focus of light rays emanating from one
source
Accommodation - ANSWERThe ability of the eye to adjust focus for varying
distances.
Achromatic - ANSWERDescriptive of a lens capable of refracting light without
creating a rainbow effect.
Acuity - ANSWERVisual expression of sharpness of vision (20/20 distance, J.1 near).
Addition - ANSWERDifference in plus power between the reading and distance
portions of a multifocal lens.
Amblyopia - ANSWERLoss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye.
Ametropia - ANSWERA refractive error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does
not focus the image of an object upon the retina; includes hyperopia, myopia and
astigmatism.
Aniseikonia - ANSWERA condition in which the image of an object as seen by one eye
differs so much in size or shape from that seen by the other eye that the two images
cannot be fused into a single impression.
Anisometropia - ANSWERA condition in which the refractive error of one eye
significantly differs from that of the other.
Anterior Chamber - ANSWERFront cavity or compartment of the eye, located
between the cornea and crystalline lens. Contains the aqueous humor.
Apex - ANSWERThinnest edge of a prism.
Aphakia - ANSWERAn absence of the crystalline lens of the eye (pseudophakia:
having a false lens).
Aspheric - ANSWERNot spherical; a lens surface having a number of curves with
different radii.
Astigmatism - ANSWERA defect of the eye, of a lens or of an image formed by either,
the curvature of the refracting surface or surfaces being different in different planes.
This results in the focal lengths also being different in different planes (the curvature
of the cornea in the case of the eye).
, Axis - ANSWERThe meridian of no cylinder power in a spherocylinder lens.
Base - ANSWERThickest edge of a prism.
Base curve - ANSWERThe curve used as a base of a series of powers; the degree of
curvature of the front surface of a lens.
Beam - ANSWERA group of parallel rays of light.
Binocular - ANSWERPertaining to vision with both eyes
Caliper - ANSWERInstrument used to measure thickness, calibrated in fifths and
tenths of a millimeter.
Canthus - ANSWERThe angle at either end of the slit between the eyelids.
Cataract - ANSWERA condition when the crystalline lens of the eye becomes opaque.
Congenital cataract: one, which originates at birth. Hyper-mature: the lens has
become either solid and shrunken or soft and liquid. Incipient: any cataract in its
early stages. Mature: the lens is completely opaque. Senile: a hard opacity of the
lens occurring in the aged. Traumatic: cataract following an injury.
Choroid - ANSWERVascular (blood-rich) layer of the eye; its function is to nourish the
other parts of the eye, primarily the retina.
Chromatic Aberration - ANSWERDistortion of an optical image produced by the
dispersion of light passing through a lens and generally characterized by blurred,
multicolored edges.
Ciliary body - ANSWERThe thick rim of choroid to which the crystalline lens is
attached
Compound Hyperopic Astigmatism: - ANSWERThe refractive error which results in
two points of focus falling behind the retina. Example: +1.00 +2.00 x 090
Compound Myopic Astigmatism: - ANSWERThe refractive error which results in two
points of focus falling in front of the retina. Example: -1.00 -2.00 x 090
Cones - ANSWERLight sensitive cells in the retina responsible for color vision,
daytime vision, and the central portion of the visual field.
Conjunctiva - ANSWERThe clear membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the
exposed surface of the eyeball.
Conjunctivitis - ANSWERInflammation of the conjunctiva; commonly referred to as
"pink eye."
Answers (American Board of Opticianry)
Aberration - ANSWERDeviation from a single focus of light rays emanating from one
source
Accommodation - ANSWERThe ability of the eye to adjust focus for varying
distances.
Achromatic - ANSWERDescriptive of a lens capable of refracting light without
creating a rainbow effect.
Acuity - ANSWERVisual expression of sharpness of vision (20/20 distance, J.1 near).
Addition - ANSWERDifference in plus power between the reading and distance
portions of a multifocal lens.
Amblyopia - ANSWERLoss of vision without any apparent disease of the eye.
Ametropia - ANSWERA refractive error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does
not focus the image of an object upon the retina; includes hyperopia, myopia and
astigmatism.
Aniseikonia - ANSWERA condition in which the image of an object as seen by one eye
differs so much in size or shape from that seen by the other eye that the two images
cannot be fused into a single impression.
Anisometropia - ANSWERA condition in which the refractive error of one eye
significantly differs from that of the other.
Anterior Chamber - ANSWERFront cavity or compartment of the eye, located
between the cornea and crystalline lens. Contains the aqueous humor.
Apex - ANSWERThinnest edge of a prism.
Aphakia - ANSWERAn absence of the crystalline lens of the eye (pseudophakia:
having a false lens).
Aspheric - ANSWERNot spherical; a lens surface having a number of curves with
different radii.
Astigmatism - ANSWERA defect of the eye, of a lens or of an image formed by either,
the curvature of the refracting surface or surfaces being different in different planes.
This results in the focal lengths also being different in different planes (the curvature
of the cornea in the case of the eye).
, Axis - ANSWERThe meridian of no cylinder power in a spherocylinder lens.
Base - ANSWERThickest edge of a prism.
Base curve - ANSWERThe curve used as a base of a series of powers; the degree of
curvature of the front surface of a lens.
Beam - ANSWERA group of parallel rays of light.
Binocular - ANSWERPertaining to vision with both eyes
Caliper - ANSWERInstrument used to measure thickness, calibrated in fifths and
tenths of a millimeter.
Canthus - ANSWERThe angle at either end of the slit between the eyelids.
Cataract - ANSWERA condition when the crystalline lens of the eye becomes opaque.
Congenital cataract: one, which originates at birth. Hyper-mature: the lens has
become either solid and shrunken or soft and liquid. Incipient: any cataract in its
early stages. Mature: the lens is completely opaque. Senile: a hard opacity of the
lens occurring in the aged. Traumatic: cataract following an injury.
Choroid - ANSWERVascular (blood-rich) layer of the eye; its function is to nourish the
other parts of the eye, primarily the retina.
Chromatic Aberration - ANSWERDistortion of an optical image produced by the
dispersion of light passing through a lens and generally characterized by blurred,
multicolored edges.
Ciliary body - ANSWERThe thick rim of choroid to which the crystalline lens is
attached
Compound Hyperopic Astigmatism: - ANSWERThe refractive error which results in
two points of focus falling behind the retina. Example: +1.00 +2.00 x 090
Compound Myopic Astigmatism: - ANSWERThe refractive error which results in two
points of focus falling in front of the retina. Example: -1.00 -2.00 x 090
Cones - ANSWERLight sensitive cells in the retina responsible for color vision,
daytime vision, and the central portion of the visual field.
Conjunctiva - ANSWERThe clear membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the
exposed surface of the eyeball.
Conjunctivitis - ANSWERInflammation of the conjunctiva; commonly referred to as
"pink eye."
