(Complete) MLT Microbiology Exams/ Microbiology
BOC MLT Exam/ MLT-240 Clinical Microbiology Final
Exam| +1100 Questions with Verified Answers/ Grade
A Score Guide
Autotrophs - ANSWERorganisms that produce organic compounds from carbon
dioxide as a carbon source, using either light or reaction of inorganic chemical
compounds as a source of energy
Phototrophs - ANSWERautotrophs that use photosynthesis to feed
Chemolithotrophs - ANSWERautotrophs that obtain energy by oxidation of inorganic
compounds
Heterotrophs - ANSWERorganisms that requires organic substrates as a source of
carbon for growth and development
Fastidious - ANSWERhard to grow, requires additional growth factors
Psychrophiles - ANSWERbacteria that grow best at cold temperatures (optimal
growth at 10°C to 20°C)
Mesophiles - ANSWERan organism that grows best in moderate temperature neither
hot nor cold ( 25°C to 40°C)
Thermophiles - ANSWERbacteria that grow best at high temperatures (optimal
growth at 50°C - 60°C)
Obligate aerobes - ANSWERa microorganism that requires oxygen for growth
Obligate anaerobes - ANSWERa microorganism that can live and reproduce only in a
strict anaerobic environment (0% oxygen)
Facultative anaerobes - ANSWERa microorganism that does not require oxygen for
growth but will use oxygen and grow better if it is present
Capnophilic - ANSWERterm used to describe microorganisms that require an
increased concentration of CO², usually between 5% and 10%
Microaerophilic - ANSWERmicroorganism that grows with reduced oxygen and
increased carbon dioxide
Minimal media - ANSWERa laboratory growth medium whose contents are simple
and completely defined; not usually used in the diagnostic microbiology laboratory
, Nutrient media - ANSWERculture media that are complex and made of extracts of
meat or soybeans
Enriched media - ANSWERmedia that contains nutritional enhancement to allow
growth of fastidious microbes
Selective media - ANSWERmedia that support the growth of one type or one group
of microbes but not of another
Differential media - ANSWERmedia that allows grouping of microbes based on
different characteristics demonstrated on the medium
Transport media - ANSWERliquid or semisolid medium meant to preserve and
maintain the integrity of the specimen for the period between specimen collection
and laboratory processing of the sample
Generation/doubling time - ANSWERthe time required for a microbial population to
double in numbers
prokaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
eukaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Examples of organisms with these cells are protists,
plants, fungi, and animals.
gram positive cell wall - ANSWERvery thick peptidoglycan layer; techoic acid,
attaches to peptidoglycan layer; lipoteichoic acid, attached to cell membrane
gram negative cell wall - ANSWERinner layer: thin peptidoglycan layer
outer layer: outer membrane with LPS
periplasmic space, (space between outer membrane and inner membrane)
acid fast bacterial cell wall - ANSWERsimilar to gram-positive, the outer membrane
or envelope of the cell wall contains a waxy layer of glycolipids, mycolic acid retains
stain after an acid-alcohol decolorizer
bacterial capsules - ANSWERA virulence factor that impedes phagocytosis and may
enhance adherence to tissues
bacterial slime layer - ANSWERgelatinous sheath; allows bacteria to stick to slick
surfaces and host tissue; inhibits phagocytosis
an easily removed, diffuse, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds
bacteria cells composed of polysaccharides
bacterial appendage - ANSWERIncludes flagella, pili/fimbriae
BOC MLT Exam/ MLT-240 Clinical Microbiology Final
Exam| +1100 Questions with Verified Answers/ Grade
A Score Guide
Autotrophs - ANSWERorganisms that produce organic compounds from carbon
dioxide as a carbon source, using either light or reaction of inorganic chemical
compounds as a source of energy
Phototrophs - ANSWERautotrophs that use photosynthesis to feed
Chemolithotrophs - ANSWERautotrophs that obtain energy by oxidation of inorganic
compounds
Heterotrophs - ANSWERorganisms that requires organic substrates as a source of
carbon for growth and development
Fastidious - ANSWERhard to grow, requires additional growth factors
Psychrophiles - ANSWERbacteria that grow best at cold temperatures (optimal
growth at 10°C to 20°C)
Mesophiles - ANSWERan organism that grows best in moderate temperature neither
hot nor cold ( 25°C to 40°C)
Thermophiles - ANSWERbacteria that grow best at high temperatures (optimal
growth at 50°C - 60°C)
Obligate aerobes - ANSWERa microorganism that requires oxygen for growth
Obligate anaerobes - ANSWERa microorganism that can live and reproduce only in a
strict anaerobic environment (0% oxygen)
Facultative anaerobes - ANSWERa microorganism that does not require oxygen for
growth but will use oxygen and grow better if it is present
Capnophilic - ANSWERterm used to describe microorganisms that require an
increased concentration of CO², usually between 5% and 10%
Microaerophilic - ANSWERmicroorganism that grows with reduced oxygen and
increased carbon dioxide
Minimal media - ANSWERa laboratory growth medium whose contents are simple
and completely defined; not usually used in the diagnostic microbiology laboratory
, Nutrient media - ANSWERculture media that are complex and made of extracts of
meat or soybeans
Enriched media - ANSWERmedia that contains nutritional enhancement to allow
growth of fastidious microbes
Selective media - ANSWERmedia that support the growth of one type or one group
of microbes but not of another
Differential media - ANSWERmedia that allows grouping of microbes based on
different characteristics demonstrated on the medium
Transport media - ANSWERliquid or semisolid medium meant to preserve and
maintain the integrity of the specimen for the period between specimen collection
and laboratory processing of the sample
Generation/doubling time - ANSWERthe time required for a microbial population to
double in numbers
prokaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
eukaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Examples of organisms with these cells are protists,
plants, fungi, and animals.
gram positive cell wall - ANSWERvery thick peptidoglycan layer; techoic acid,
attaches to peptidoglycan layer; lipoteichoic acid, attached to cell membrane
gram negative cell wall - ANSWERinner layer: thin peptidoglycan layer
outer layer: outer membrane with LPS
periplasmic space, (space between outer membrane and inner membrane)
acid fast bacterial cell wall - ANSWERsimilar to gram-positive, the outer membrane
or envelope of the cell wall contains a waxy layer of glycolipids, mycolic acid retains
stain after an acid-alcohol decolorizer
bacterial capsules - ANSWERA virulence factor that impedes phagocytosis and may
enhance adherence to tissues
bacterial slime layer - ANSWERgelatinous sheath; allows bacteria to stick to slick
surfaces and host tissue; inhibits phagocytosis
an easily removed, diffuse, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds
bacteria cells composed of polysaccharides
bacterial appendage - ANSWERIncludes flagella, pili/fimbriae
