RN VATI Pharmacology Questions With Verified
Answers +Rationale/ Guarantee A+ (70 Q&A)
Guarantee Pass With A+ Grade
A client with a digoxin level of 2.4 ng/ml has a heart rate of 39. The health care
provider prescribes atropine sulfate. What best describes the intended action of
atropine for this client? - ANSWERTo accelerate the HR by interfering with vagal
impulses
*Atropine-anticholinergics
What is felbamate used for? - ANSWERrefractory partial and generalized seizures,
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
What is Lennox-Gastaut syndrome? - ANSWERkids < 7 y/o with mental retardation
and seizures (any type)
What are the S/S of Herpes simplex 2? - ANSWERVesicular lesions
Tingling pains
Fever
HA
Swollen lymph nodes
What are astringents? - ANSWERLiquid-based formulas that contain alcohol that
help cleanse skin, tighten pores and dry out oil. Astringent pads used to relieve
itching, burning, and irritation caused by hemorrhoids
What is an adverse effect of glucocorticoids? - ANSWERPeptic ulcers b/c
glucocorticoids irritate the gastric mucosa
How do glucocorticoids affect potassium? - ANSWERCause hypokalemia
Zolpidem (Ambien) causes what adverse effect? - ANSWERDizziness and daytime
drowsiness
*used for insomnia
What is hydroxychloroquine? - ANSWERAntimalarial med used for RA. High risk of SE
of retinopathy, which can be irreversible and cause blindness
How should hemorrhoids be treated? - ANSWER-Increase fluids and fiber to soften
stool and reduce straining
-Topical analgesic ointments
-Astringent pads
,When is herpes simplex most transmissible? - ANSWEREqually transmissible in active
and latent stages
What is doxepin (Silenor)? - ANSWERTricyclic antidepressant (TCA) used for
depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Anticholinergic effects and postural hypotension
What is clonidine? - ANSWERAn alpha 2 agonist used for HTN, severe pain, and
ADHD. Common adverse effect: dry mouth
When removing a central line from a client's right internal jugular vein, how should
the client be positioned? - ANSWERTrendelenberg. Entry site should be below the
level of the client's heart (limit blood's ability to flow for a bit)
What are the SE of Bumex (bumetanide)? - ANSWER-hypokalemia
-postural hypotension
-Ototoxicity
-Nephrotoxicity
-HA
-loss of appetite
How does an increase in sodium levels affect lithium levels? - ANSWERDecreases
lithium levels
*Indirectly related
How does a decrease in sodium levels affect lithium levels? - ANSWERIncreases
lithium levels
*Indirectly related
How do loop diuretics work? - ANSWERPrevent sodium from leaving the filtrate (pre-
urine), so water stays in filtrate too, leading to Na and water excretion. Also
hypokalemia-Causes loss of K+ into urine. Risk of Ototoxicity, hyponatremia,
hypokalemia,
What should you do if you note an elevated serum amylase in a patient? -
ANSWERCall doctor immediately because this indicates a pancreatic disorder which
is dangerous
What does elevated serum amylase indicate? - ANSWERExcess pancreas enzyme:
amylase. Acute pancreatitis or other pancreas disorder
What is Ethcrynic acid (Edecrin)? - ANSWERLoop diuretic-
What is Bumex (bumetanide)? - ANSWERLoop diuretic-blocks reabsorption of
sodium and water in the tubules of the kidneys. It is usually prescribed for HF to
reduce excessive fluid. It is more potent than lasix
Common SE:
, -hypokalemia
-postural hypotension
-Ototoxicity
-Nephrotoxicity
-HA
-loss of appetite
The designation of proximal, medial, and distal ports on a central venous catheter is
related to: - ANSWERThe location of the eyelets at the end fo the catheter in the vein
(the different endpoints of the central line along the SVC)
A provider prescribes gold salts for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. For what
serious side effects will the client require monitoring? - ANSWERDiarrhea
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia
What is stomatitis? - ANSWERpainful inflammation and sores of the oral mucosa (can
be seen in chemo pt's)
How does diphenhydramine (Benadryl) work? - ANSWERCompetes with histamine
for receptors; thus reducing vasodilation of capillaries, pruritis, and inflammation
(d/t lack of histamine binding)
How much fluid does a syringe pump push? - ANSWER<60 mL (its the pump that sits
on a surface and pushes a syringe's fluid over a preset period of time)
What route must lipids be administered in? - ANSWERPeripheral IV or central line
Lipid emulsions need what to be administered? - ANSWERAn infusion pump to avoid
a rapid influx of emulsion into intravascular system
How should lipid emulsions be hung in relation to the filter? - ANSWERBelow filter
tubing (so they don't clog filter)
When must TPN tubing be changed by? - ANSWER72 hours (but most often every 24
hours)
TPN must be administered with what? - ANSWERFilter tubing to reduce the risk of
particle chunks from entering the bloodstream (two parts: lipid emulsion and amino
acid/dextrose solution)
What is gentamicin and what is an important adverse effect to be aware of? -
ANSWERAn aminoglycoside antibiotic that can be toxic to the 8th cranial nerve and
kidneys
What do chills, rigor, fever, dyspnea, light-headness, and flank pain indicate? -
ANSWERBlood transfusion reaction
Answers +Rationale/ Guarantee A+ (70 Q&A)
Guarantee Pass With A+ Grade
A client with a digoxin level of 2.4 ng/ml has a heart rate of 39. The health care
provider prescribes atropine sulfate. What best describes the intended action of
atropine for this client? - ANSWERTo accelerate the HR by interfering with vagal
impulses
*Atropine-anticholinergics
What is felbamate used for? - ANSWERrefractory partial and generalized seizures,
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
What is Lennox-Gastaut syndrome? - ANSWERkids < 7 y/o with mental retardation
and seizures (any type)
What are the S/S of Herpes simplex 2? - ANSWERVesicular lesions
Tingling pains
Fever
HA
Swollen lymph nodes
What are astringents? - ANSWERLiquid-based formulas that contain alcohol that
help cleanse skin, tighten pores and dry out oil. Astringent pads used to relieve
itching, burning, and irritation caused by hemorrhoids
What is an adverse effect of glucocorticoids? - ANSWERPeptic ulcers b/c
glucocorticoids irritate the gastric mucosa
How do glucocorticoids affect potassium? - ANSWERCause hypokalemia
Zolpidem (Ambien) causes what adverse effect? - ANSWERDizziness and daytime
drowsiness
*used for insomnia
What is hydroxychloroquine? - ANSWERAntimalarial med used for RA. High risk of SE
of retinopathy, which can be irreversible and cause blindness
How should hemorrhoids be treated? - ANSWER-Increase fluids and fiber to soften
stool and reduce straining
-Topical analgesic ointments
-Astringent pads
,When is herpes simplex most transmissible? - ANSWEREqually transmissible in active
and latent stages
What is doxepin (Silenor)? - ANSWERTricyclic antidepressant (TCA) used for
depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Anticholinergic effects and postural hypotension
What is clonidine? - ANSWERAn alpha 2 agonist used for HTN, severe pain, and
ADHD. Common adverse effect: dry mouth
When removing a central line from a client's right internal jugular vein, how should
the client be positioned? - ANSWERTrendelenberg. Entry site should be below the
level of the client's heart (limit blood's ability to flow for a bit)
What are the SE of Bumex (bumetanide)? - ANSWER-hypokalemia
-postural hypotension
-Ototoxicity
-Nephrotoxicity
-HA
-loss of appetite
How does an increase in sodium levels affect lithium levels? - ANSWERDecreases
lithium levels
*Indirectly related
How does a decrease in sodium levels affect lithium levels? - ANSWERIncreases
lithium levels
*Indirectly related
How do loop diuretics work? - ANSWERPrevent sodium from leaving the filtrate (pre-
urine), so water stays in filtrate too, leading to Na and water excretion. Also
hypokalemia-Causes loss of K+ into urine. Risk of Ototoxicity, hyponatremia,
hypokalemia,
What should you do if you note an elevated serum amylase in a patient? -
ANSWERCall doctor immediately because this indicates a pancreatic disorder which
is dangerous
What does elevated serum amylase indicate? - ANSWERExcess pancreas enzyme:
amylase. Acute pancreatitis or other pancreas disorder
What is Ethcrynic acid (Edecrin)? - ANSWERLoop diuretic-
What is Bumex (bumetanide)? - ANSWERLoop diuretic-blocks reabsorption of
sodium and water in the tubules of the kidneys. It is usually prescribed for HF to
reduce excessive fluid. It is more potent than lasix
Common SE:
, -hypokalemia
-postural hypotension
-Ototoxicity
-Nephrotoxicity
-HA
-loss of appetite
The designation of proximal, medial, and distal ports on a central venous catheter is
related to: - ANSWERThe location of the eyelets at the end fo the catheter in the vein
(the different endpoints of the central line along the SVC)
A provider prescribes gold salts for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. For what
serious side effects will the client require monitoring? - ANSWERDiarrhea
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia
What is stomatitis? - ANSWERpainful inflammation and sores of the oral mucosa (can
be seen in chemo pt's)
How does diphenhydramine (Benadryl) work? - ANSWERCompetes with histamine
for receptors; thus reducing vasodilation of capillaries, pruritis, and inflammation
(d/t lack of histamine binding)
How much fluid does a syringe pump push? - ANSWER<60 mL (its the pump that sits
on a surface and pushes a syringe's fluid over a preset period of time)
What route must lipids be administered in? - ANSWERPeripheral IV or central line
Lipid emulsions need what to be administered? - ANSWERAn infusion pump to avoid
a rapid influx of emulsion into intravascular system
How should lipid emulsions be hung in relation to the filter? - ANSWERBelow filter
tubing (so they don't clog filter)
When must TPN tubing be changed by? - ANSWER72 hours (but most often every 24
hours)
TPN must be administered with what? - ANSWERFilter tubing to reduce the risk of
particle chunks from entering the bloodstream (two parts: lipid emulsion and amino
acid/dextrose solution)
What is gentamicin and what is an important adverse effect to be aware of? -
ANSWERAn aminoglycoside antibiotic that can be toxic to the 8th cranial nerve and
kidneys
What do chills, rigor, fever, dyspnea, light-headness, and flank pain indicate? -
ANSWERBlood transfusion reaction
