2024/2025 Renal System Review Study CCRN- Critical
Care Registered Nurse Questions Completely Answered
100% Correct/Pass
What its the kidney made up of - ANSWER1 million nephrons, a vascular system
(afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole), and a tubular system
If BP falls and renal perfusion is decreased what happens - ANSWERthe
compensatory response occurs - afferent DILATES, EFFERENT constricts = decreased
flow from globular capillary
AKI risk factors - ANSWERDM
HF
HTN
What drugs to avoid with AKI - ANSWERantibiotics
NSAIDS
ACE/ARBS
antineoplastics
contrast dye
diuretics
Carefully assess what with AKI - ANSWERfluid balance
hemodynamics / hypotension
renal function / labs
UO
BUN - ANSWERmeasures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from the
waste product urea (formed in the liver)
What may elevate BUN - ANSWERdehydration
shock
normal BUN - ANSWER10-23
Serum creatinine - ANSWERa nonprotein waste product of creatinine phosphate
metabolism by skeletal muscle tissue
- removed by the kidneys
normal Cr - ANSWER0.6-1.2
What is the best indicator of renal function? - ANSWERserum creatinine
What is the best indicator of the GFR - ANSWER24 hour urine for creatinine
clearance
, GFR (glomerular filtration rate) - ANSWERthe volume of plasma filtered from the
glomerular capillaries into Bowmans capsule per min
Normal GFR - ANSWER125 mL/min
What is directly related to GFR - ANSWERcreatinine
What are important in determining the GFR - ANSWERage
sex
size
serum CR
proteinuria - ANSWERexcretion of >300mg albumin /day
Why is it important to assess for proteinuria in diabetic pts - ANSWERto detect early
diabetic neuropathy
If serum albumin is low - ANSWERmay be decrease in oncotic pressure, increased
third-spacing or decreased vascular volume
if high serum CK - ANSWERrnhabdomylosis
Can a patient with edema be intravascularly dry - ANSWERYES
acute kidney injury - ANSWERincreased serum Cr by 1.5x baseline within 7 days
Prerenal Kidney failure - ANSWERperfusion to the kidneys is reduced but there is no
destruction of the tubular basement membranes
- most common
What causes prerenal AKI - ANSWERimpaired cardiac performance
vasodilation
vasoconstriction (pressers)
intravascular volume depletion
Drugs that can cause prerenal failure - ANSWERNSAIDS
ACE inhibitors
how to manage prerenal failure - ANSWERcorrect underlying problem
keep MAP >70
wean pressers as able
improve cardiac performance
control vasodilation = treat sepsis
Intrarenal failure - ANSWERdestruction of tubular basement membrane occurs
Care Registered Nurse Questions Completely Answered
100% Correct/Pass
What its the kidney made up of - ANSWER1 million nephrons, a vascular system
(afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole), and a tubular system
If BP falls and renal perfusion is decreased what happens - ANSWERthe
compensatory response occurs - afferent DILATES, EFFERENT constricts = decreased
flow from globular capillary
AKI risk factors - ANSWERDM
HF
HTN
What drugs to avoid with AKI - ANSWERantibiotics
NSAIDS
ACE/ARBS
antineoplastics
contrast dye
diuretics
Carefully assess what with AKI - ANSWERfluid balance
hemodynamics / hypotension
renal function / labs
UO
BUN - ANSWERmeasures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from the
waste product urea (formed in the liver)
What may elevate BUN - ANSWERdehydration
shock
normal BUN - ANSWER10-23
Serum creatinine - ANSWERa nonprotein waste product of creatinine phosphate
metabolism by skeletal muscle tissue
- removed by the kidneys
normal Cr - ANSWER0.6-1.2
What is the best indicator of renal function? - ANSWERserum creatinine
What is the best indicator of the GFR - ANSWER24 hour urine for creatinine
clearance
, GFR (glomerular filtration rate) - ANSWERthe volume of plasma filtered from the
glomerular capillaries into Bowmans capsule per min
Normal GFR - ANSWER125 mL/min
What is directly related to GFR - ANSWERcreatinine
What are important in determining the GFR - ANSWERage
sex
size
serum CR
proteinuria - ANSWERexcretion of >300mg albumin /day
Why is it important to assess for proteinuria in diabetic pts - ANSWERto detect early
diabetic neuropathy
If serum albumin is low - ANSWERmay be decrease in oncotic pressure, increased
third-spacing or decreased vascular volume
if high serum CK - ANSWERrnhabdomylosis
Can a patient with edema be intravascularly dry - ANSWERYES
acute kidney injury - ANSWERincreased serum Cr by 1.5x baseline within 7 days
Prerenal Kidney failure - ANSWERperfusion to the kidneys is reduced but there is no
destruction of the tubular basement membranes
- most common
What causes prerenal AKI - ANSWERimpaired cardiac performance
vasodilation
vasoconstriction (pressers)
intravascular volume depletion
Drugs that can cause prerenal failure - ANSWERNSAIDS
ACE inhibitors
how to manage prerenal failure - ANSWERcorrect underlying problem
keep MAP >70
wean pressers as able
improve cardiac performance
control vasodilation = treat sepsis
Intrarenal failure - ANSWERdestruction of tubular basement membrane occurs
