Test Bank Complete_ Biological Psychology 14th
Edition, (2024) James W. Kalat| All Chapters 1-14
What happens when you see an object? - ANSWERLight reflected from the object
strikes your eyes
The optic nerve comes from what type or types of cells? - ANSWERGanglion cells
Where do the rods and cones of the retina send their input? - ANSWERTo bipolar
cells within the eyeball
Where do the bipolar cells of the retina send their input? - ANSWERTo ganglion cells
Where does light from the right side of the world go? - ANSWERTo the left half of
each retina
What causes the blind spot of the retina? - ANSWERThe optic nerve exits the eye at
that point
What is one reason why you don't notice the blind spot of the eye in everyday life? -
ANSWERAnything in the blind spot of one eye is visible to the other eye
What is the fovea? - ANSWERThe center of the retina
In which of these ways is a hawk's eye specialized? - ANSWERIt has more receptors
on the top half of the retina than the bottom
Why is vision less detailed in the periphery? - ANSWERIn the periphery, many
receptors converge onto each bipolar cell
Why does vision in the periphery have high sensitivity to faint light? -
ANSWERToward the periphery, the retina has more convergence of input
What are the effects from having so many receptors converge their inputs onto the
bipolar cells in the periphery of the eye? - ANSWERGood perception of faint lights,
but poor perception of detail
In which of these ways does foveal vision differ from peripheral vision? -
ANSWERFoveal vision has better acuity but less sensitivity to dim light
According to the trichromatic theory, or Young-Helmholtz theory, how do we
perceive color? - ANSWEREach wavelength elicits a unique ratio of responses by
three kinds of cones
What is color constancy? - ANSWERThe ability to recognize an object's color after a
change in lighting
, In humans, what crosses to the contralateral hemisphere at the optic chiasm? -
ANSWERHalf of each optic nerve, the part representing the nasal half of the retina
What function does lateral inhibition serve in the visual system? - ANSWERIt
sharpens contrast at borders
Why do ganglion cells have larger receptive fields than bipolar cells do? -
ANSWERGanglion cells receive input from several bipolar cells
Where is the primary visual cortex? - ANSWEROccipital cortex
What do people lose after damage to area V1? - ANSWERAll conscious vision
When you close your eyes and imagine a visual scene, where does the activity start?
- ANSWERIn the memory and language areas of the cortex
Which of these is another term for the ventral stream in the visual system? -
ANSWERThe "what" pathway
The inferior temporal cortex is especially important for which of the following? -
ANSWERRecognizing familiar objects
What might cause someone to be unable to perceive visual motion? -
ANSWERDamage to brain area MT
The fusiform gyrus responds most strongly to which of the following? -
ANSWERFaces
The ganglion cells in the human fovea, each connected to just one cone, are called
_____ ganglion cells. - ANSWERmidget
The type of visual receptor found in the fovea is a _____. - ANSWERcone
The Young-Helmholtz theory of color vision is also known as the _____ theory. -
ANSWERtrichromatic
The theory devised to explain color constancy is the _____ theory. - ANSWERretinex
The type of neuron that inhibits bipolar cells to produce lateral inhibition is a _____
cell. - ANSWERhorizontal
The "what" pathway and the "where" or "how" pathways for vision are called the
_____ stream and the _____ stream. - ANSWERventral; dorsal
Damage to area MT (also called V5) causes _____ blindness. - ANSWERmotion
Edition, (2024) James W. Kalat| All Chapters 1-14
What happens when you see an object? - ANSWERLight reflected from the object
strikes your eyes
The optic nerve comes from what type or types of cells? - ANSWERGanglion cells
Where do the rods and cones of the retina send their input? - ANSWERTo bipolar
cells within the eyeball
Where do the bipolar cells of the retina send their input? - ANSWERTo ganglion cells
Where does light from the right side of the world go? - ANSWERTo the left half of
each retina
What causes the blind spot of the retina? - ANSWERThe optic nerve exits the eye at
that point
What is one reason why you don't notice the blind spot of the eye in everyday life? -
ANSWERAnything in the blind spot of one eye is visible to the other eye
What is the fovea? - ANSWERThe center of the retina
In which of these ways is a hawk's eye specialized? - ANSWERIt has more receptors
on the top half of the retina than the bottom
Why is vision less detailed in the periphery? - ANSWERIn the periphery, many
receptors converge onto each bipolar cell
Why does vision in the periphery have high sensitivity to faint light? -
ANSWERToward the periphery, the retina has more convergence of input
What are the effects from having so many receptors converge their inputs onto the
bipolar cells in the periphery of the eye? - ANSWERGood perception of faint lights,
but poor perception of detail
In which of these ways does foveal vision differ from peripheral vision? -
ANSWERFoveal vision has better acuity but less sensitivity to dim light
According to the trichromatic theory, or Young-Helmholtz theory, how do we
perceive color? - ANSWEREach wavelength elicits a unique ratio of responses by
three kinds of cones
What is color constancy? - ANSWERThe ability to recognize an object's color after a
change in lighting
, In humans, what crosses to the contralateral hemisphere at the optic chiasm? -
ANSWERHalf of each optic nerve, the part representing the nasal half of the retina
What function does lateral inhibition serve in the visual system? - ANSWERIt
sharpens contrast at borders
Why do ganglion cells have larger receptive fields than bipolar cells do? -
ANSWERGanglion cells receive input from several bipolar cells
Where is the primary visual cortex? - ANSWEROccipital cortex
What do people lose after damage to area V1? - ANSWERAll conscious vision
When you close your eyes and imagine a visual scene, where does the activity start?
- ANSWERIn the memory and language areas of the cortex
Which of these is another term for the ventral stream in the visual system? -
ANSWERThe "what" pathway
The inferior temporal cortex is especially important for which of the following? -
ANSWERRecognizing familiar objects
What might cause someone to be unable to perceive visual motion? -
ANSWERDamage to brain area MT
The fusiform gyrus responds most strongly to which of the following? -
ANSWERFaces
The ganglion cells in the human fovea, each connected to just one cone, are called
_____ ganglion cells. - ANSWERmidget
The type of visual receptor found in the fovea is a _____. - ANSWERcone
The Young-Helmholtz theory of color vision is also known as the _____ theory. -
ANSWERtrichromatic
The theory devised to explain color constancy is the _____ theory. - ANSWERretinex
The type of neuron that inhibits bipolar cells to produce lateral inhibition is a _____
cell. - ANSWERhorizontal
The "what" pathway and the "where" or "how" pathways for vision are called the
_____ stream and the _____ stream. - ANSWERventral; dorsal
Damage to area MT (also called V5) causes _____ blindness. - ANSWERmotion
