Test Bank Complete_ Pharmacotherapeutics for
Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers 6th Edition, (2022)
Woo| Wright; All Chapters 1-57| Verified With
Rationale
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWERWhat does the drug do to the body? (Dose-response
relationships, factors modifying effects, adverse effects, contraindications)
Biomarker - ANSWERA MEASURABLE pharmacodynamic response (aka a measurable
pharmacological effect)
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWERWhat does the body do to the drug? (absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion)
Therapeutics - ANSWERClinical use of drugs to treat disease
MOA - ANSWERthe manner in which MOLECULAR targets are affected by the drug
(stimulate, inhibit)
Pharmacological Effects - ANSWERThe end points of the signal transduction events
(NOT THE INDICATION)
Adverse Effects - ANSWERreactions that result in harm directly caused by the drug at
normal doses during normal use; the negative consequence experienced by the
patient after taking a drug that was contraindicated
Side Effects - ANSWERthe predictable reactions of a drug based on pre-clinical
studies
Therapeutic Window - ANSWERRelationship between therapeutic and toxic doses
Contraindications - ANSWERPRIOR KNOWLEDGE OF Medications that patients are
taking or health conditions they have that pose a considerable risk if given a drug
(allergies, pregnancy, substance abuse)
4 levels of drug actions - ANSWERMolecular target, cellular signal, tissue response,
system effect
4 types of drug receptors - ANSWER1. Transmembrane ion channels
2. transmembrane G-protein
3. Transmembrane kinases
4. Intracellular
A pharmacological effect will occur _____. - ANSWERWhen a sufficient number of
drug-receptor complexes form.
, ED50 - ANSWERThe drug dose that produces half of the maximum effect
In Vitro Potency - ANSWERThe concentration at which the drug elicits 50% of it's
maximal response (conc)
In Vivo Potency - ANSWERThe dose at which the drug elicits 50% of its maximal
response (mg/kg)
Potency - ANSWERAmount of drug that is needed to produce a given effect (typically
measured with ED50)
Efficacy - ANSWERMaximal effect that a drug can produce regardless of dose; the
ability to initiate a response
Full agonist - ANSWERThe drug with the greatest pharmacological effect
Partial agonist - ANSWEREffects are less than full agonist
Inverse agonist - ANSWERcauses the effect opposite to that of the agonist
Competitive antagonist - ANSWERbinds the agonist binding site of the receptor to
prevent the activity of the agonist
Noncompetitive antagonist - ANSWERBinds covalently (irreversibly) to the agonist
binding site or to an allosteric site
Uncompetitive antagonist - ANSWERRequires a certain amount of agonist binding
and activation for the antagonist to bind to an allosteric site
Effect on a competitive antagonist by adding more agonist - ANSWERCompetitive
antagonist can be overcome
Effect on a non-competitive antagonist by adding more agonist - ANSWERNEVER
CAN OVERCOME the antagonist effects
Affinity - ANSWERTendency to bind receptors (high means strong)
Intrinsic Activity - ANSWERCapacity of a single drug- receptor complex to evoke a
response
EC50 - ANSWERConcentration of the drug that produces 50% of the maximum
response
Kd - ANSWEREquilibrium Dissociation constant (conc of unbound drug at EC50, lower
Kd= higher binding affinity)
Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers 6th Edition, (2022)
Woo| Wright; All Chapters 1-57| Verified With
Rationale
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWERWhat does the drug do to the body? (Dose-response
relationships, factors modifying effects, adverse effects, contraindications)
Biomarker - ANSWERA MEASURABLE pharmacodynamic response (aka a measurable
pharmacological effect)
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWERWhat does the body do to the drug? (absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion)
Therapeutics - ANSWERClinical use of drugs to treat disease
MOA - ANSWERthe manner in which MOLECULAR targets are affected by the drug
(stimulate, inhibit)
Pharmacological Effects - ANSWERThe end points of the signal transduction events
(NOT THE INDICATION)
Adverse Effects - ANSWERreactions that result in harm directly caused by the drug at
normal doses during normal use; the negative consequence experienced by the
patient after taking a drug that was contraindicated
Side Effects - ANSWERthe predictable reactions of a drug based on pre-clinical
studies
Therapeutic Window - ANSWERRelationship between therapeutic and toxic doses
Contraindications - ANSWERPRIOR KNOWLEDGE OF Medications that patients are
taking or health conditions they have that pose a considerable risk if given a drug
(allergies, pregnancy, substance abuse)
4 levels of drug actions - ANSWERMolecular target, cellular signal, tissue response,
system effect
4 types of drug receptors - ANSWER1. Transmembrane ion channels
2. transmembrane G-protein
3. Transmembrane kinases
4. Intracellular
A pharmacological effect will occur _____. - ANSWERWhen a sufficient number of
drug-receptor complexes form.
, ED50 - ANSWERThe drug dose that produces half of the maximum effect
In Vitro Potency - ANSWERThe concentration at which the drug elicits 50% of it's
maximal response (conc)
In Vivo Potency - ANSWERThe dose at which the drug elicits 50% of its maximal
response (mg/kg)
Potency - ANSWERAmount of drug that is needed to produce a given effect (typically
measured with ED50)
Efficacy - ANSWERMaximal effect that a drug can produce regardless of dose; the
ability to initiate a response
Full agonist - ANSWERThe drug with the greatest pharmacological effect
Partial agonist - ANSWEREffects are less than full agonist
Inverse agonist - ANSWERcauses the effect opposite to that of the agonist
Competitive antagonist - ANSWERbinds the agonist binding site of the receptor to
prevent the activity of the agonist
Noncompetitive antagonist - ANSWERBinds covalently (irreversibly) to the agonist
binding site or to an allosteric site
Uncompetitive antagonist - ANSWERRequires a certain amount of agonist binding
and activation for the antagonist to bind to an allosteric site
Effect on a competitive antagonist by adding more agonist - ANSWERCompetitive
antagonist can be overcome
Effect on a non-competitive antagonist by adding more agonist - ANSWERNEVER
CAN OVERCOME the antagonist effects
Affinity - ANSWERTendency to bind receptors (high means strong)
Intrinsic Activity - ANSWERCapacity of a single drug- receptor complex to evoke a
response
EC50 - ANSWERConcentration of the drug that produces 50% of the maximum
response
Kd - ANSWEREquilibrium Dissociation constant (conc of unbound drug at EC50, lower
Kd= higher binding affinity)
