BIOL 172 UH MANOA STUDY GUIDE
Biodiversity - Answers - Diversity found in organisms and life.
Phylogeny - Answers - Tracing evolutionary history of organisms.
Systematics - Answers - Classification of organisms according to relationships based on
phylogeny.
Gamete - Answers - Two cells (egg and sperm) fuse together during fertilization.
Alternation of Generation - Answers - Alternation between sexual and asexual phase in
the life cycle of an organism.
Photoautotroph/Photosynthetic - Answers - An organism that produces its own food via
a light source.
Heterotrophic - Answers - Organisms that get food by consumption, not light.
Mixotrophic - Answers - Organisms that can use both photoautotrophic and
heterotrophic means to get food.
Primary Endosymbiosis - Answers - Origin of mitochondrion and chloroplast in cells.
Secondary Endosymbiosis - Answers - Ingestion of red and green algal cells to form
several different protists.
Super Groups - Answers - The kingdom Protista is broken into four groups; somewhat
remedied the flaw in organizing the Protista kingdom. (there are Excavata, SAR (broken
into three groups), and Archaeoplastida).
Pellicle of Euglena - Answers - Instead of a cell wall, Euglena is surrounded by a pellicle
(coat) of protein.
Kineto Plastids - Answers - A group of Protists; within the group Euglenosa, which is in
the Super Group Excavata.
Alveoli - Answers - Membrane bound sacs under a plasma membrane.
"Hairy Flagellum" of Stramenopile - Answers - A flagellum with hair-like appendages;
unique to the group Stramenopile.
Heterokont - Answers - Another word for Stramenopiles.
Phytoplankton - Answers - A protist that is photosynthetic; have some plant-like
characteristics.
, Red Tide - Answers - An effect of an algal bloom (characteristic of Dinoflagellates)
Sporozoite - Answers - An infectious stage caused by Apiocomplexans; they are the
cells released by these organisms that infect the hosts.
Apical Complexes Organelle - Answers - The organelle that penetrates and infects host
cells.
Apicoplast - Answers - A non-photosynthetic plastid.
Cilia - Answers - Appendages on the outside of a cell used for locomotion and feeding.
Are often smaller than flagella.
Macronucleus - Answers - A nucleus that functions mostly as a normal nucleus in
Ciliates.
Micronucleus - Answers - A nucleus that functions in sexual and asexual reproduction in
Ciliates.
Conjugation - Answers - The process where two compatible Ciliates join together in
sexual reproduction.
Hypha - Answers - A filamentous growth. In fungi, they are fragments of filamentous
growth.
Absorption - Answers - A mode of nutrition in some Ciliates.
Convergent evolution - Answers - When two distantly related organisms evolve to have
similar characteristics because of similar environmental conditions, not because they
are closely related.
Oogonium - Answers - The diploid female gametogonium that gives rise to primary
oocyte through oocytogenesis.
Antheridium - Answers - The fertile organ of a male gametophyte or the male organ of a
bisexual gametophyte, in which male gametes are formed.
Kelp - Answers - Brown algae.
Blade - Answers - The leaf-like structure of Brown Algae.
Holdfast - Answers - The root-like structure of Brown Algae.
Stipe - Answers - The stem-like structure of Brown Algae.
Biodiversity - Answers - Diversity found in organisms and life.
Phylogeny - Answers - Tracing evolutionary history of organisms.
Systematics - Answers - Classification of organisms according to relationships based on
phylogeny.
Gamete - Answers - Two cells (egg and sperm) fuse together during fertilization.
Alternation of Generation - Answers - Alternation between sexual and asexual phase in
the life cycle of an organism.
Photoautotroph/Photosynthetic - Answers - An organism that produces its own food via
a light source.
Heterotrophic - Answers - Organisms that get food by consumption, not light.
Mixotrophic - Answers - Organisms that can use both photoautotrophic and
heterotrophic means to get food.
Primary Endosymbiosis - Answers - Origin of mitochondrion and chloroplast in cells.
Secondary Endosymbiosis - Answers - Ingestion of red and green algal cells to form
several different protists.
Super Groups - Answers - The kingdom Protista is broken into four groups; somewhat
remedied the flaw in organizing the Protista kingdom. (there are Excavata, SAR (broken
into three groups), and Archaeoplastida).
Pellicle of Euglena - Answers - Instead of a cell wall, Euglena is surrounded by a pellicle
(coat) of protein.
Kineto Plastids - Answers - A group of Protists; within the group Euglenosa, which is in
the Super Group Excavata.
Alveoli - Answers - Membrane bound sacs under a plasma membrane.
"Hairy Flagellum" of Stramenopile - Answers - A flagellum with hair-like appendages;
unique to the group Stramenopile.
Heterokont - Answers - Another word for Stramenopiles.
Phytoplankton - Answers - A protist that is photosynthetic; have some plant-like
characteristics.
, Red Tide - Answers - An effect of an algal bloom (characteristic of Dinoflagellates)
Sporozoite - Answers - An infectious stage caused by Apiocomplexans; they are the
cells released by these organisms that infect the hosts.
Apical Complexes Organelle - Answers - The organelle that penetrates and infects host
cells.
Apicoplast - Answers - A non-photosynthetic plastid.
Cilia - Answers - Appendages on the outside of a cell used for locomotion and feeding.
Are often smaller than flagella.
Macronucleus - Answers - A nucleus that functions mostly as a normal nucleus in
Ciliates.
Micronucleus - Answers - A nucleus that functions in sexual and asexual reproduction in
Ciliates.
Conjugation - Answers - The process where two compatible Ciliates join together in
sexual reproduction.
Hypha - Answers - A filamentous growth. In fungi, they are fragments of filamentous
growth.
Absorption - Answers - A mode of nutrition in some Ciliates.
Convergent evolution - Answers - When two distantly related organisms evolve to have
similar characteristics because of similar environmental conditions, not because they
are closely related.
Oogonium - Answers - The diploid female gametogonium that gives rise to primary
oocyte through oocytogenesis.
Antheridium - Answers - The fertile organ of a male gametophyte or the male organ of a
bisexual gametophyte, in which male gametes are formed.
Kelp - Answers - Brown algae.
Blade - Answers - The leaf-like structure of Brown Algae.
Holdfast - Answers - The root-like structure of Brown Algae.
Stipe - Answers - The stem-like structure of Brown Algae.
