©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Erth 111 Midterm 1 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What is Physical geology/dynamic earth? - answer✔The study of the processes of the Earth and
the composition
Scientific method: - answer✔Hypothesis: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete
evidence
Theory: scientific ideas supported by abundant evidence. passed many tests -failed none
Law: Statements that completely describe a specific relationship or phenomenon
Earths Formation; - answer✔Initially homogeneous: all same parts
Differentiation event: Heat from collision + heat when matter starts to squeeze + heat from
decay of radioactive elements results in denser iron alloy separating out and lighter material
rising
present state of differentiation:
lithosphere/lithospheric motions
Earth's Interior - answer✔Crust: (Oceanic and Continental):
1|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Oceanic Crust: 7-10km thick. Top is a thin layer of clay and tiny shells.. beneath consists of
basalt and below that, gabbro
Continental Crust: - answer✔35-40km Thick. Rock type ranges from mafic to felsic. Continental
on average less mafic (felsic to intermediate composition) than oceanic, furthermore less
dense. Oxygen = most abundant
Mantle - answer✔2885 Km thick layer - largest part of earth. Consists entirely of ultramafic
(dark and dense) rock called peridotite, making peridotite most abundant rock on planet.
Almost all mantle is solid rock but its soft enough that it flows
Outer/Inner Core: - answer✔Outer core: liquid iron alloy, this flow of iron alloy creates
magnetic field
Inner core: solid iron because of pressure
Gradients in Earth: - answer✔Pressure and temperature both increase with depth in the Earth.
The rate at which temperature increases as depth increases is the geothermal gradient.
Sources of energy for the earth - answer✔Interior: 80% of energy from decay of radioactive
elements
Exterior: Sun
Exterior Processes (Fast): - answer✔Wind, weather, rivers, currents, glaciers
2|Page
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Erth 111 Midterm 1 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What is Physical geology/dynamic earth? - answer✔The study of the processes of the Earth and
the composition
Scientific method: - answer✔Hypothesis: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete
evidence
Theory: scientific ideas supported by abundant evidence. passed many tests -failed none
Law: Statements that completely describe a specific relationship or phenomenon
Earths Formation; - answer✔Initially homogeneous: all same parts
Differentiation event: Heat from collision + heat when matter starts to squeeze + heat from
decay of radioactive elements results in denser iron alloy separating out and lighter material
rising
present state of differentiation:
lithosphere/lithospheric motions
Earth's Interior - answer✔Crust: (Oceanic and Continental):
1|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Oceanic Crust: 7-10km thick. Top is a thin layer of clay and tiny shells.. beneath consists of
basalt and below that, gabbro
Continental Crust: - answer✔35-40km Thick. Rock type ranges from mafic to felsic. Continental
on average less mafic (felsic to intermediate composition) than oceanic, furthermore less
dense. Oxygen = most abundant
Mantle - answer✔2885 Km thick layer - largest part of earth. Consists entirely of ultramafic
(dark and dense) rock called peridotite, making peridotite most abundant rock on planet.
Almost all mantle is solid rock but its soft enough that it flows
Outer/Inner Core: - answer✔Outer core: liquid iron alloy, this flow of iron alloy creates
magnetic field
Inner core: solid iron because of pressure
Gradients in Earth: - answer✔Pressure and temperature both increase with depth in the Earth.
The rate at which temperature increases as depth increases is the geothermal gradient.
Sources of energy for the earth - answer✔Interior: 80% of energy from decay of radioactive
elements
Exterior: Sun
Exterior Processes (Fast): - answer✔Wind, weather, rivers, currents, glaciers
2|Page
