Intro to Murmurs Questions and Answers
1. what is a murmur?: a heart sound caused by turbulent flow of blood during systole or diastole
2. what causes a forward murmur?: stenosis
3. what causes a backward murmur?: regurgitation/insufficiency
4. how are murmurs graded?: on intensity, duration, quality, location, and radiation
5. what causes S1?: closure of mitral & tricuspid valves
6. what causes S2?: closure of aortic & pulmonic valves
7. what are systolic murmurs?: aortic stenosis mitral
valve regurgitation
8. what are diastolic murmurs?: Mitral valve stenosis aortic
regurgitation
9. what are continuous murmurs?: patent ductus arteriosus
10.what is a grade IV murmur?: loud with palpable thrill
11.what is a grade 1 murmur?: Very faint, heard only after listener has "tuned in"; may not be heard
in all positions
12.what is a grade VI murmur?: loudest. may be audible with stethoscope lifted off chest wall
13.what are pan-systolic murmurs?: MR TR
VSD
14.what are mid-systolic murmurs?: AS
15.what are late systolic murmurs?: PS
16.what are early diastolic murmurs?: aortic regurg
17.what are mid diastolic murmurs?: MS tricuspid
stenosis
18.what are late diastolic murmurs?: MS
19.what does a blowing murmur sound like? give examples: soft, continuous sound
MR or AR
20.what is an example of a machine-like murmur?: PDA
21.what does a musical murmur sound like? example: high-pitched, "singing" MVP
22.what does a rumbling murmur sound like? example: low-pitched, MS
23.what does a harsh murmur sound like? example: high-pitched from higher turbulence
AS or PS
24.what is an example of a crescendo-decrescendo murmur?**: AORTIC STENOSIS **
25.where does the murmur from aortic stenosis radiate to?: neck/carotids
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1. what is a murmur?: a heart sound caused by turbulent flow of blood during systole or diastole
2. what causes a forward murmur?: stenosis
3. what causes a backward murmur?: regurgitation/insufficiency
4. how are murmurs graded?: on intensity, duration, quality, location, and radiation
5. what causes S1?: closure of mitral & tricuspid valves
6. what causes S2?: closure of aortic & pulmonic valves
7. what are systolic murmurs?: aortic stenosis mitral
valve regurgitation
8. what are diastolic murmurs?: Mitral valve stenosis aortic
regurgitation
9. what are continuous murmurs?: patent ductus arteriosus
10.what is a grade IV murmur?: loud with palpable thrill
11.what is a grade 1 murmur?: Very faint, heard only after listener has "tuned in"; may not be heard
in all positions
12.what is a grade VI murmur?: loudest. may be audible with stethoscope lifted off chest wall
13.what are pan-systolic murmurs?: MR TR
VSD
14.what are mid-systolic murmurs?: AS
15.what are late systolic murmurs?: PS
16.what are early diastolic murmurs?: aortic regurg
17.what are mid diastolic murmurs?: MS tricuspid
stenosis
18.what are late diastolic murmurs?: MS
19.what does a blowing murmur sound like? give examples: soft, continuous sound
MR or AR
20.what is an example of a machine-like murmur?: PDA
21.what does a musical murmur sound like? example: high-pitched, "singing" MVP
22.what does a rumbling murmur sound like? example: low-pitched, MS
23.what does a harsh murmur sound like? example: high-pitched from higher turbulence
AS or PS
24.what is an example of a crescendo-decrescendo murmur?**: AORTIC STENOSIS **
25.where does the murmur from aortic stenosis radiate to?: neck/carotids
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