BIO 1108 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals
in that population. In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an
allele is
the number of occurrences of the allele.
a) the number of occurrences of the allele divided by n.
b) the actual value of n
c) the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of
individuals in the sample (2n).
d) twice the number of occurrences of the allele divided by n.
c) the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in
the sample (2n).
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that:
a) evolution has occurred.
b) natural selection has occurred.
c) one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has been violated.
d) evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-
Weinberg equilibrium has been violated.
d) evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium has been violated.
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae hatch
from the eggs and then chew through the goldenrod buds and into the stems. The
gall fly larvae saliva induces the goldenrod to generate a gall (an outgrowth of
tissue, a ball-shaped swelling on the stem). The larva will live inside the gall
which provides food and shelter for the developing larva.
The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on
larvae inside the smallest galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the
largest galls. The size of the gall made by the larvae is a heritable trait. Given this
information, we can conclude that the trait 'larval gall size' is subject to:
a) balancing selection.
b) stabilizing selection.
c) directional selection.
d) disruptional selection.
e) heterozygote advantage.
b) stabilizing selection.
You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution
, operating on the population?
yes or no
no
A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation.
a) True, but only if the population is under sexual selection
b) True
c) False, but only if the population is under sexual selection
d) False
b) True
The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The
light-colored form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial
revolution. In the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. The
difference is produced by a dominant allele of one gene. By about 1900,
approximately 90% of the moths around industrial areas were dark colored,
whereas light-colored moths were still abundant elsewhere. Apparently, birds
could readily find the light moths against the soot-darkened background in
industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths. Recently, use of
cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-colored
moths have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered
separate species?
a) Yes, because they have completely different coloration and natural selection
has affected the frequency of the two different forms.
b) Yes, because natural selection has affected the frequency of the two different
forms.
c) No
d) Yes, because they have completely different coloration.
e) Yes, because they are reproductively isolated based on habitat.
c) No
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship
songs that sound different. What function would this difference in song likely
serve if the populations came in contact?
a) a prezygotic isolating mechanism
b) a postzygotic isolating mechanism
c) a spatial/geographic reproductive isolating mechanism
d) a gametic reproductive isolating mechanism
e) none of the above
a) a prezygotic isolating mechanism
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?
a) phylogenetically, due to heterozygote advantage in hybrids
b) sympatrically, due to extensive inbreeding
c) allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals
in that population. In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an
allele is
the number of occurrences of the allele.
a) the number of occurrences of the allele divided by n.
b) the actual value of n
c) the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of
individuals in the sample (2n).
d) twice the number of occurrences of the allele divided by n.
c) the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in
the sample (2n).
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that:
a) evolution has occurred.
b) natural selection has occurred.
c) one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has been violated.
d) evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-
Weinberg equilibrium has been violated.
d) evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium has been violated.
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae hatch
from the eggs and then chew through the goldenrod buds and into the stems. The
gall fly larvae saliva induces the goldenrod to generate a gall (an outgrowth of
tissue, a ball-shaped swelling on the stem). The larva will live inside the gall
which provides food and shelter for the developing larva.
The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on
larvae inside the smallest galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the
largest galls. The size of the gall made by the larvae is a heritable trait. Given this
information, we can conclude that the trait 'larval gall size' is subject to:
a) balancing selection.
b) stabilizing selection.
c) directional selection.
d) disruptional selection.
e) heterozygote advantage.
b) stabilizing selection.
You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution
, operating on the population?
yes or no
no
A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation.
a) True, but only if the population is under sexual selection
b) True
c) False, but only if the population is under sexual selection
d) False
b) True
The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The
light-colored form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial
revolution. In the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. The
difference is produced by a dominant allele of one gene. By about 1900,
approximately 90% of the moths around industrial areas were dark colored,
whereas light-colored moths were still abundant elsewhere. Apparently, birds
could readily find the light moths against the soot-darkened background in
industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths. Recently, use of
cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-colored
moths have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered
separate species?
a) Yes, because they have completely different coloration and natural selection
has affected the frequency of the two different forms.
b) Yes, because natural selection has affected the frequency of the two different
forms.
c) No
d) Yes, because they have completely different coloration.
e) Yes, because they are reproductively isolated based on habitat.
c) No
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship
songs that sound different. What function would this difference in song likely
serve if the populations came in contact?
a) a prezygotic isolating mechanism
b) a postzygotic isolating mechanism
c) a spatial/geographic reproductive isolating mechanism
d) a gametic reproductive isolating mechanism
e) none of the above
a) a prezygotic isolating mechanism
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?
a) phylogenetically, due to heterozygote advantage in hybrids
b) sympatrically, due to extensive inbreeding
c) allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
