BIO 1108 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Homeotic genes
an encode transcription factors that control the expression of genes responsible for
specific anatomical structures
exon shuffling
Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common but are otherwise very different.
Why did this occur?
Species
The largest unit where gene flow can readily occur
Punctuated equilibria model
most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into
existence, then change little for the rest of their duration as a species.
Extensive gene flow between 2 populations
will not contribute to allopatric speciation
Fossilized stromatolites
resemble structures by bacterial communities that are found today in some shallow
marine bays
Indian was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
What factor most likely caused animals and plants in India to differ greatly from species
in nearby southeast Asia
Genetic drift
Adaptive radiation can be a direct consequence of three factors but not this
Bioinformatics includes all of the following except
using DNA technology to combine DNA from two different sources in a test tube
Which of the following observations helped Darwin shape his concept of descent
with modification?
South American temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of South
America than to the temperate plants of Europe.
Within six months of effectively using methicillin to treat S. aureus infections in a
community, all new S.aureus infections were caused by MRSA. How can this best
be explained?
Some drug-resistant bacteria were present at the start of treatment, and natural
selection increased their frequency.
The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures,
whereas the corresponding bones in whales have very different shapes and
proportions. However, genetic data suggest that all three kinds of organisms
diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following
is the most likely explanation for these data?
Natural selection in an aquatic environment resulted in significant changes to whale
forelimb anatomy.
No two people are genetically identical, except for identical twins. The main
source of genetic variation among humans is
, the reshuffling of alleles in sexual reproduction.
If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals 0%, what is the gene variability and
number of alleles at that locus?
gene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 1
There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with genotype AA, and there are 40
individuals in population 2, all with genotype aa. Assume that these populations
are located far from each other and that their environmental conditions are very
similar. Based on the information given here, the observed genetic variation most
likely resulted from
genetic drift.
A fruit fly population has a gene with two alleles, A1 and A2. Tests show that 70%
of the gametes produced in the population contain the A1 allele. If the population
is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the flies carry both A1 and
A2?
0.42
The largest unit within which gene flow can readily occur is a
species
Males of different species of the fruit fly Drosophila that live in the same parts of
the Hawaiian Islands have different elaborate courtship rituals. These rituals
involve fighting other males and making stylized movements that attract females.
What type of reproductive isolation does this represent?
behavioral isolation
According to the punctuated equilibria model
most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into
existence, then change little for the rest of their duration as a species.
Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and Audubon's warbler as distinct
species. Recently, these birds have been classified as eastern and western forms
of a single species, the yellow-rumped warbler. Which of the following pieces of
evidence, if true, would be cause for this reclassification?
The two forms interbreed often in nature, and their offspring survive and reproduce well
Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation?
Gene flow between the two populations is extensive
Plant species A has a diploid chromosome number of 12. Plant species B has a
diploid number of 16. A new species, C, arises as an allopolyploid from A and B.
The diploid number for species C would probably be
28
Fossilized stromatolites
resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some
shallow marine bays.
The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment dramatically. Which of the
following took advantage of the presence of free oxygen in the oceans and
atmosphere?
the evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen to help harvest energy from
organic molecules
Adaptive radiations can be a direct consequence of three of the following four
factors. Select the exception.
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Homeotic genes
an encode transcription factors that control the expression of genes responsible for
specific anatomical structures
exon shuffling
Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common but are otherwise very different.
Why did this occur?
Species
The largest unit where gene flow can readily occur
Punctuated equilibria model
most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into
existence, then change little for the rest of their duration as a species.
Extensive gene flow between 2 populations
will not contribute to allopatric speciation
Fossilized stromatolites
resemble structures by bacterial communities that are found today in some shallow
marine bays
Indian was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
What factor most likely caused animals and plants in India to differ greatly from species
in nearby southeast Asia
Genetic drift
Adaptive radiation can be a direct consequence of three factors but not this
Bioinformatics includes all of the following except
using DNA technology to combine DNA from two different sources in a test tube
Which of the following observations helped Darwin shape his concept of descent
with modification?
South American temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of South
America than to the temperate plants of Europe.
Within six months of effectively using methicillin to treat S. aureus infections in a
community, all new S.aureus infections were caused by MRSA. How can this best
be explained?
Some drug-resistant bacteria were present at the start of treatment, and natural
selection increased their frequency.
The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures,
whereas the corresponding bones in whales have very different shapes and
proportions. However, genetic data suggest that all three kinds of organisms
diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following
is the most likely explanation for these data?
Natural selection in an aquatic environment resulted in significant changes to whale
forelimb anatomy.
No two people are genetically identical, except for identical twins. The main
source of genetic variation among humans is
, the reshuffling of alleles in sexual reproduction.
If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals 0%, what is the gene variability and
number of alleles at that locus?
gene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 1
There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with genotype AA, and there are 40
individuals in population 2, all with genotype aa. Assume that these populations
are located far from each other and that their environmental conditions are very
similar. Based on the information given here, the observed genetic variation most
likely resulted from
genetic drift.
A fruit fly population has a gene with two alleles, A1 and A2. Tests show that 70%
of the gametes produced in the population contain the A1 allele. If the population
is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the flies carry both A1 and
A2?
0.42
The largest unit within which gene flow can readily occur is a
species
Males of different species of the fruit fly Drosophila that live in the same parts of
the Hawaiian Islands have different elaborate courtship rituals. These rituals
involve fighting other males and making stylized movements that attract females.
What type of reproductive isolation does this represent?
behavioral isolation
According to the punctuated equilibria model
most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into
existence, then change little for the rest of their duration as a species.
Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and Audubon's warbler as distinct
species. Recently, these birds have been classified as eastern and western forms
of a single species, the yellow-rumped warbler. Which of the following pieces of
evidence, if true, would be cause for this reclassification?
The two forms interbreed often in nature, and their offspring survive and reproduce well
Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation?
Gene flow between the two populations is extensive
Plant species A has a diploid chromosome number of 12. Plant species B has a
diploid number of 16. A new species, C, arises as an allopolyploid from A and B.
The diploid number for species C would probably be
28
Fossilized stromatolites
resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some
shallow marine bays.
The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment dramatically. Which of the
following took advantage of the presence of free oxygen in the oceans and
atmosphere?
the evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen to help harvest energy from
organic molecules
Adaptive radiations can be a direct consequence of three of the following four
factors. Select the exception.
