BIO 1108 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
what organism is most closely related to animals
choanoflagellates
choanoglagellates
a group of single celled eukaryotes
how are choanoflagellates similar to sponges
there are similarities in cell shape between choanoglagellates and the feeeding cells of
sponges.
what organisms are multicellular?
plants fungi animals
are animals heterotrophs?
yes
what is a heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
what organisms are hetertrophs
animals and fungi are hetertrophs
plants are not
animal cells lack___
lack cell walls
what does the lack of cell walls do for animals
they allow animal cells to move during development and in the adult anima/
what character differentiates animals from fungi and plants
the lack of a cell wall.
bastula - gastrula in animals
unique to animals
hollow ball of cell (blastula) + movement of embryonic cells = usually form a gastrula
animals can be described as:
multicellular heterotrophic eukarotes with a distinctive mode of early development
Collagen in animals and choanoflagellates
collagen was considered to be unique to animals, but are now known to occur in
choanoflagellates
carl linnaeus
taxonomist
recognized that for all their diversity, animals have a limited number of distinctive body
plans.
who is placed in the same phylum
animals with the same type of body plan can be placed into a phylum
Speciation
the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
characters
distinctive features of organisms that evolve throughout evolutionary history
most animals can be divided into 3 groups based on symmemtry. what are they?
, porfiera, cnidaria, bilateria
what group does porifera include
sponges
what group does cnidaria include
jellyfish, corals, sea anemones
what group does bilateria incldue
humans, insects, snails.
symmetry in porifera
irregular in form, with no clearly developed plane of symmetry
symmetry in cnidaria
display radial symmtery
their bodies have an axis that runs from mouth to base, with many planes of symmetry
cutting through this axis.
how does jellyfish symmetry affect them
becuase they have radial syymetry they cna move up and down in the water column by
flexing the muscles around their bell like bodies and many sea anemones and corals
can wave their ring of food gathering tentacles in all directions at once
symmetry in bilateria
bilateral symmtery
their bodies have a distinct front and back, top and bottom, right and left, with a single
plane of summtery running between right and left at the midline
how does symmetry help animals
animals with bilateral symmetry are able to move horizontal direction to capture prey,
find shelter, and escape from enemies.
these animals develop specialized sensory organs at the front end for guidance. and
specialized appendages along both sides for locomotion, grasping, and defense
how are poriferan cell types organized
organized into simple tissues, not complex tissues or organs
tissues in cnidarians
well defined but lack complex organs
tissues and organs in bilaterians and functions.
have both well defined tissues and complex organs
these organs specialized for movement, digestion, gas exchange
cephalization
the concentration of nervous system components at one end of the body
this side of the body is defined as the "front"
how does proximity of sensory organs help brain>
it allows brain to process information quickly, enabling a suitable behavioral response.
how do animals brain size and complexity increase?
as the quality and amount of sensory information tkaen in by animals increases
cephalization is considered an adaption for....
for locomotion and predation.
why is cephalization an adaption for predation?
since animals with cephalization can better detect and capture prey, and for predator
avoidance: provide a means of escaping capture.
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
what organism is most closely related to animals
choanoflagellates
choanoglagellates
a group of single celled eukaryotes
how are choanoflagellates similar to sponges
there are similarities in cell shape between choanoglagellates and the feeeding cells of
sponges.
what organisms are multicellular?
plants fungi animals
are animals heterotrophs?
yes
what is a heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
what organisms are hetertrophs
animals and fungi are hetertrophs
plants are not
animal cells lack___
lack cell walls
what does the lack of cell walls do for animals
they allow animal cells to move during development and in the adult anima/
what character differentiates animals from fungi and plants
the lack of a cell wall.
bastula - gastrula in animals
unique to animals
hollow ball of cell (blastula) + movement of embryonic cells = usually form a gastrula
animals can be described as:
multicellular heterotrophic eukarotes with a distinctive mode of early development
Collagen in animals and choanoflagellates
collagen was considered to be unique to animals, but are now known to occur in
choanoflagellates
carl linnaeus
taxonomist
recognized that for all their diversity, animals have a limited number of distinctive body
plans.
who is placed in the same phylum
animals with the same type of body plan can be placed into a phylum
Speciation
the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
characters
distinctive features of organisms that evolve throughout evolutionary history
most animals can be divided into 3 groups based on symmemtry. what are they?
, porfiera, cnidaria, bilateria
what group does porifera include
sponges
what group does cnidaria include
jellyfish, corals, sea anemones
what group does bilateria incldue
humans, insects, snails.
symmetry in porifera
irregular in form, with no clearly developed plane of symmetry
symmetry in cnidaria
display radial symmtery
their bodies have an axis that runs from mouth to base, with many planes of symmetry
cutting through this axis.
how does jellyfish symmetry affect them
becuase they have radial syymetry they cna move up and down in the water column by
flexing the muscles around their bell like bodies and many sea anemones and corals
can wave their ring of food gathering tentacles in all directions at once
symmetry in bilateria
bilateral symmtery
their bodies have a distinct front and back, top and bottom, right and left, with a single
plane of summtery running between right and left at the midline
how does symmetry help animals
animals with bilateral symmetry are able to move horizontal direction to capture prey,
find shelter, and escape from enemies.
these animals develop specialized sensory organs at the front end for guidance. and
specialized appendages along both sides for locomotion, grasping, and defense
how are poriferan cell types organized
organized into simple tissues, not complex tissues or organs
tissues in cnidarians
well defined but lack complex organs
tissues and organs in bilaterians and functions.
have both well defined tissues and complex organs
these organs specialized for movement, digestion, gas exchange
cephalization
the concentration of nervous system components at one end of the body
this side of the body is defined as the "front"
how does proximity of sensory organs help brain>
it allows brain to process information quickly, enabling a suitable behavioral response.
how do animals brain size and complexity increase?
as the quality and amount of sensory information tkaen in by animals increases
cephalization is considered an adaption for....
for locomotion and predation.
why is cephalization an adaption for predation?
since animals with cephalization can better detect and capture prey, and for predator
avoidance: provide a means of escaping capture.
